Tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
PurposeTo examine tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodWe searched Embase and PubMed from database inception to March 16, 2022. We included observational studies that compared tear function between patients with and without DM. Tear fu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1036002/full |
| _version_ | 1811250353849499648 |
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| author | Yu-Kai Kuo Yu-Kai Kuo Shih-Chieh Shao Erh-Tsan Lin Li-Yen Pan Li-Yen Pan Ling Yeung Ling Yeung Chi-Chin Sun Chi-Chin Sun |
| author_facet | Yu-Kai Kuo Yu-Kai Kuo Shih-Chieh Shao Erh-Tsan Lin Li-Yen Pan Li-Yen Pan Ling Yeung Ling Yeung Chi-Chin Sun Chi-Chin Sun |
| author_sort | Yu-Kai Kuo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PurposeTo examine tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodWe searched Embase and PubMed from database inception to March 16, 2022. We included observational studies that compared tear function between patients with and without DM. Tear function was measured using invasive tear breakup time (ITBUT) and Schirmer’s 1 test. Pooled results are presented as standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) based on random-effects models.ResultsWe included 59 studies (7,234 eyes) comparing the tear function between patients with and without DM. This meta-analysis indicated that patients with DM had worse tear function than those without DM (ITBUT: SMD: −0.98, 95% CI: −1.27 to −0.69; Schirmer’s 1 test: SMD: −0.45, 95% CI: −0.64 to −0.26), and the results remained consistent in patients with different types of DM (e.g., type 1 DM and type 2 DM) and from different ethnic backgrounds (e.g., Asian vs. non-Asian). Patients with DM under poor glycemic control had worse tear function than those of the non-DM group (ITBUT: SMD: −1.26, 95% CI: −1.86 to −0.66; Schirmer’s 1 test: SMD: −0.25, 95% CI: −0.48 to −0.02), whereas there were no significant differences in tear function between patients with DM under optimal glycemic control and non-DM groups.ConclusionsWe found that patients with type 1 or type 2 DM had significantly reduced tear function. The level of tear function could be determined by glycemic control, and therefore, our findings suggest that glycemic control in patients with DM is critical for maintaining tear function.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42021250498. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:03:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b884b2f9fd24e89ae571f09fcfe139e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:03:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b884b2f9fd24e89ae571f09fcfe139e2022-12-22T03:26:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922022-10-011310.3389/fendo.2022.10360021036002Tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysisYu-Kai Kuo0Yu-Kai Kuo1Shih-Chieh Shao2Erh-Tsan Lin3Li-Yen Pan4Li-Yen Pan5Ling Yeung6Ling Yeung7Chi-Chin Sun8Chi-Chin Sun9Department of Ophthalmology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, TaiwanSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanDepartment of Pharmacy, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, TaiwanSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, TaiwanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, TaiwanSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, TaiwanSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanPurposeTo examine tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodWe searched Embase and PubMed from database inception to March 16, 2022. We included observational studies that compared tear function between patients with and without DM. Tear function was measured using invasive tear breakup time (ITBUT) and Schirmer’s 1 test. Pooled results are presented as standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) based on random-effects models.ResultsWe included 59 studies (7,234 eyes) comparing the tear function between patients with and without DM. This meta-analysis indicated that patients with DM had worse tear function than those without DM (ITBUT: SMD: −0.98, 95% CI: −1.27 to −0.69; Schirmer’s 1 test: SMD: −0.45, 95% CI: −0.64 to −0.26), and the results remained consistent in patients with different types of DM (e.g., type 1 DM and type 2 DM) and from different ethnic backgrounds (e.g., Asian vs. non-Asian). Patients with DM under poor glycemic control had worse tear function than those of the non-DM group (ITBUT: SMD: −1.26, 95% CI: −1.86 to −0.66; Schirmer’s 1 test: SMD: −0.25, 95% CI: −0.48 to −0.02), whereas there were no significant differences in tear function between patients with DM under optimal glycemic control and non-DM groups.ConclusionsWe found that patients with type 1 or type 2 DM had significantly reduced tear function. The level of tear function could be determined by glycemic control, and therefore, our findings suggest that glycemic control in patients with DM is critical for maintaining tear function.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42021250498.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1036002/fulltear functiondiabetes mellitusdry eyekeratoconjunctivitis siccaglycemic control |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Kai Kuo Yu-Kai Kuo Shih-Chieh Shao Erh-Tsan Lin Li-Yen Pan Li-Yen Pan Ling Yeung Ling Yeung Chi-Chin Sun Chi-Chin Sun Tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis Frontiers in Endocrinology tear function diabetes mellitus dry eye keratoconjunctivitis sicca glycemic control |
| title | Tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | tear function diabetes mellitus dry eye keratoconjunctivitis sicca glycemic control |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1036002/full |
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