Optimization of coagulation-flocculation parameters using a photometric dispersion analyser
The size and structural characteristics of floc particles are important design and control parameters in water treatment and should be rapidly monitored with a reasonable amount of accuracy. In this study, a photometric dispersion analyser (PDA) coupled to standard jar test experiments was used to o...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2014-07-01
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| Series: | Drinking Water Engineering and Science |
| Online Access: | http://www.drink-water-eng-sci.net/7/73/2014/dwes-7-73-2014.pdf |
| _version_ | 1831671942673858560 |
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| author | S. R. Ramphal M. S. Sibiya |
| author_facet | S. R. Ramphal M. S. Sibiya |
| author_sort | S. R. Ramphal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The size and structural characteristics of floc particles are important
design and control parameters in water treatment and should be rapidly
monitored with a reasonable amount of accuracy. In this study, a photometric
dispersion analyser (PDA) coupled to standard jar test experiments was used
to optimize coagulation-flocculation parameters while monitoring floc size
and structure as well as the rate of floc formation during coagulation using
alum. The optimal coagulation conditions were as follows: sample pH 8; alum
dosage, 3 mg L<sup>−1</sup> as Al<sup>3+</sup>; <i>G</i> value, 172 s<sup>−1</sup>; rapid mixing
time, 20 s. These conditions resulted in unstable treated water having a
calcium carbonate precipitation potential (CCPP) of −15 mg L<sup>−1</sup> as
CaCO<sub>3</sub> and required a slaked lime dosage of 17 mg L<sup>−1</sup> as
CaCO<sub>3</sub> to equilibrate CCPP to acceptable levels. PDA data revealed that
aggregation rate and steady-state variance are primary parameters as both
have substantial influence on coagulation-flocculation efficiency. However,
the average steady state ratio, although an important parameter, had a
lessened impact on coagulation-flocculation efficiency. The results of this
study showed that the PDA instrument is an important tool in coagulation
kinetic studies and can be employed as an additional tool in the optimization
of coagulation conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:44:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b8dcd9b0d1744b4b910c724c82d6bf4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-9457 1996-9465 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:44:26Z |
| publishDate | 2014-07-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Drinking Water Engineering and Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b8dcd9b0d1744b4b910c724c82d6bf42022-12-21T20:01:20ZengCopernicus PublicationsDrinking Water Engineering and Science1996-94571996-94652014-07-0172738210.5194/dwes-7-73-2014Optimization of coagulation-flocculation parameters using a photometric dispersion analyserS. R. Ramphal0M. S. Sibiya1Rand Water, Process Technology Department, Glen Vista, South AfricaRand Water, Process Technology Department, Glen Vista, South AfricaThe size and structural characteristics of floc particles are important design and control parameters in water treatment and should be rapidly monitored with a reasonable amount of accuracy. In this study, a photometric dispersion analyser (PDA) coupled to standard jar test experiments was used to optimize coagulation-flocculation parameters while monitoring floc size and structure as well as the rate of floc formation during coagulation using alum. The optimal coagulation conditions were as follows: sample pH 8; alum dosage, 3 mg L<sup>−1</sup> as Al<sup>3+</sup>; <i>G</i> value, 172 s<sup>−1</sup>; rapid mixing time, 20 s. These conditions resulted in unstable treated water having a calcium carbonate precipitation potential (CCPP) of −15 mg L<sup>−1</sup> as CaCO<sub>3</sub> and required a slaked lime dosage of 17 mg L<sup>−1</sup> as CaCO<sub>3</sub> to equilibrate CCPP to acceptable levels. PDA data revealed that aggregation rate and steady-state variance are primary parameters as both have substantial influence on coagulation-flocculation efficiency. However, the average steady state ratio, although an important parameter, had a lessened impact on coagulation-flocculation efficiency. The results of this study showed that the PDA instrument is an important tool in coagulation kinetic studies and can be employed as an additional tool in the optimization of coagulation conditions.http://www.drink-water-eng-sci.net/7/73/2014/dwes-7-73-2014.pdf |
| spellingShingle | S. R. Ramphal M. S. Sibiya Optimization of coagulation-flocculation parameters using a photometric dispersion analyser Drinking Water Engineering and Science |
| title | Optimization of coagulation-flocculation parameters using a photometric dispersion analyser |
| title_full | Optimization of coagulation-flocculation parameters using a photometric dispersion analyser |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of coagulation-flocculation parameters using a photometric dispersion analyser |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of coagulation-flocculation parameters using a photometric dispersion analyser |
| title_short | Optimization of coagulation-flocculation parameters using a photometric dispersion analyser |
| title_sort | optimization of coagulation flocculation parameters using a photometric dispersion analyser |
| url | http://www.drink-water-eng-sci.net/7/73/2014/dwes-7-73-2014.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT srramphal optimizationofcoagulationflocculationparametersusingaphotometricdispersionanalyser AT mssibiya optimizationofcoagulationflocculationparametersusingaphotometricdispersionanalyser |