Advances in Molecular Pathophysiology and Targeted Therapy for Cushing’s Disease
Cushing’s disease is caused by autonomous secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. As a result, excess cortisol production leads to the overt manifestation of the clinical features of Cushing’s syndrome. Severe complications have been reporte...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/2/496 |
| _version_ | 1797444792657903616 |
|---|---|
| author | Shinobu Takayasu Kazunori Kageyama Makoto Daimon |
| author_facet | Shinobu Takayasu Kazunori Kageyama Makoto Daimon |
| author_sort | Shinobu Takayasu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cushing’s disease is caused by autonomous secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. As a result, excess cortisol production leads to the overt manifestation of the clinical features of Cushing’s syndrome. Severe complications have been reported in patients with Cushing’s disease, including hypertension, menstrual disorders, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, infections, and mental disorders. Cushing’s disease presents with a variety of clinical features, ranging from overt to subtle. In this review, we explain recent advances in molecular insights and targeted therapy for Cushing’s disease. The pathophysiological characteristics of hormone production and pituitary tumor cells are also explained. Therapies to treat the tumor growth in the pituitary gland and the autonomous hypersecretion of ACTH are discussed. Drugs that target corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors have been effective, including cabergoline, a dopamine receptor type 2 agonist, and pasireotide, a multi-receptor-targeted somatostatin analog. Some of the drugs that target adrenal hormones have shown potential therapeutic benefits. Advances in potential novel therapies for Cushing’s disease are also introduced. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:16:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9ba24e02fed14fb3a81c3c4a32f71928 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:16:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-9ba24e02fed14fb3a81c3c4a32f719282023-11-30T21:34:42ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942023-01-0115249610.3390/cancers15020496Advances in Molecular Pathophysiology and Targeted Therapy for Cushing’s DiseaseShinobu Takayasu0Kazunori Kageyama1Makoto Daimon2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, JapanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, JapanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, JapanCushing’s disease is caused by autonomous secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. As a result, excess cortisol production leads to the overt manifestation of the clinical features of Cushing’s syndrome. Severe complications have been reported in patients with Cushing’s disease, including hypertension, menstrual disorders, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, infections, and mental disorders. Cushing’s disease presents with a variety of clinical features, ranging from overt to subtle. In this review, we explain recent advances in molecular insights and targeted therapy for Cushing’s disease. The pathophysiological characteristics of hormone production and pituitary tumor cells are also explained. Therapies to treat the tumor growth in the pituitary gland and the autonomous hypersecretion of ACTH are discussed. Drugs that target corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors have been effective, including cabergoline, a dopamine receptor type 2 agonist, and pasireotide, a multi-receptor-targeted somatostatin analog. Some of the drugs that target adrenal hormones have shown potential therapeutic benefits. Advances in potential novel therapies for Cushing’s disease are also introduced.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/2/496Cushing’s diseaseadrenocorticotropic hormoneproopiomelanocortinpituitary neuroendocrine tumorcorticotroph |
| spellingShingle | Shinobu Takayasu Kazunori Kageyama Makoto Daimon Advances in Molecular Pathophysiology and Targeted Therapy for Cushing’s Disease Cancers Cushing’s disease adrenocorticotropic hormone proopiomelanocortin pituitary neuroendocrine tumor corticotroph |
| title | Advances in Molecular Pathophysiology and Targeted Therapy for Cushing’s Disease |
| title_full | Advances in Molecular Pathophysiology and Targeted Therapy for Cushing’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Advances in Molecular Pathophysiology and Targeted Therapy for Cushing’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in Molecular Pathophysiology and Targeted Therapy for Cushing’s Disease |
| title_short | Advances in Molecular Pathophysiology and Targeted Therapy for Cushing’s Disease |
| title_sort | advances in molecular pathophysiology and targeted therapy for cushing s disease |
| topic | Cushing’s disease adrenocorticotropic hormone proopiomelanocortin pituitary neuroendocrine tumor corticotroph |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/2/496 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shinobutakayasu advancesinmolecularpathophysiologyandtargetedtherapyforcushingsdisease AT kazunorikageyama advancesinmolecularpathophysiologyandtargetedtherapyforcushingsdisease AT makotodaimon advancesinmolecularpathophysiologyandtargetedtherapyforcushingsdisease |