Transcriptomic profiling of purple broccoli reveals light-induced anthocyanin biosynthetic signaling and structural genes
Purple Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var italica) attracts growing attention as a functional food. Its purple coloration is due to high anthocyanin amounts. Light represents a critical parameter affecting anthocyanins biosynthesis. In this study, ‘Purple Broccoli’, a light-responding pigmentation c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PeerJ Inc.
2020-05-01
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| Series: | PeerJ |
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/8870.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797423927408984064 |
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| author | Chunqing Liu Xueqin Yao Guangqing Li Lei Huang Zhujie Xie |
| author_facet | Chunqing Liu Xueqin Yao Guangqing Li Lei Huang Zhujie Xie |
| author_sort | Chunqing Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purple Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var italica) attracts growing attention as a functional food. Its purple coloration is due to high anthocyanin amounts. Light represents a critical parameter affecting anthocyanins biosynthesis. In this study, ‘Purple Broccoli’, a light-responding pigmentation cultivar, was assessed for exploring the mechanism underlying light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis by RNA-Seq. Cyanidin, delphinidin and malvidin derivatives were detected in broccoli head samples. Shading assays and RNA-seq analysis identified the flower head as more critical organ compared with leaves. Anthocyanin levels were assessed at 0, 7 and 11 days, respectively, with further valuation by RNA-seq under head-shading and light conditions. RNA sequences were de novo assembled into 50,329 unigenes, of which 38,701 were annotated against four public protein databases. Cluster analysis demonstrated that anthocyanin/phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis in cluster 8 were the main metabolic pathways regulated by light and had showed associations with flower head growth. A total of 2,400 unigenes showed differential expression between the light and head-shading groups in cluster 8, including 650 co-expressed, 373 specifically expressed under shading conditions and 1,377 specifically expressed under normal light. Digital gene expression (DGE) analysis demonstrated that light perception and the signal transducers CRY3 and HY5 may control anthocyanin accumulation. Following shading, 15 structural genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis were downregulated, including PAL, C4H, 4CL, CHS, CHI, F3H and DFR. Moreover, six BoMYB genes (BoMYB6-1, BoMYB6-2, BoMYB6-3, BoMYB6-4, BoMYBL2-1 and BoMYBL2-2) and three BobHLH genes (BoTT8_5-1, BoTT8_5-2 and BoEGL5-3) were critical transcription factors controlling anthocyanin accumulation under light conditions. Based on these data, a light-associated anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in Broccoli was proposed. This information could help improve broccoli properties, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underpinning light-associated anthocyanin production in purple vegetables. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:53:46Z |
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| id | doaj.art-9bb8f1a758e34ad6b09cf00c9e23dc58 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:53:46Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-9bb8f1a758e34ad6b09cf00c9e23dc582023-12-03T01:20:44ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592020-05-018e887010.7717/peerj.8870Transcriptomic profiling of purple broccoli reveals light-induced anthocyanin biosynthetic signaling and structural genesChunqing Liu0Xueqin Yao1Guangqing Li2Lei Huang3Zhujie Xie4Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Horticulture, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Horticulture, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Horticulture, Shanghai, ChinaSchool of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Horticulture, Shanghai, ChinaPurple Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var italica) attracts growing attention as a functional food. Its purple coloration is due to high anthocyanin amounts. Light represents a critical parameter affecting anthocyanins biosynthesis. In this study, ‘Purple Broccoli’, a light-responding pigmentation cultivar, was assessed for exploring the mechanism underlying light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis by RNA-Seq. Cyanidin, delphinidin and malvidin derivatives were detected in broccoli head samples. Shading assays and RNA-seq analysis identified the flower head as more critical organ compared with leaves. Anthocyanin levels were assessed at 0, 7 and 11 days, respectively, with further valuation by RNA-seq under head-shading and light conditions. RNA sequences were de novo assembled into 50,329 unigenes, of which 38,701 were annotated against four public protein databases. Cluster analysis demonstrated that anthocyanin/phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis in cluster 8 were the main metabolic pathways regulated by light and had showed associations with flower head growth. A total of 2,400 unigenes showed differential expression between the light and head-shading groups in cluster 8, including 650 co-expressed, 373 specifically expressed under shading conditions and 1,377 specifically expressed under normal light. Digital gene expression (DGE) analysis demonstrated that light perception and the signal transducers CRY3 and HY5 may control anthocyanin accumulation. Following shading, 15 structural genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis were downregulated, including PAL, C4H, 4CL, CHS, CHI, F3H and DFR. Moreover, six BoMYB genes (BoMYB6-1, BoMYB6-2, BoMYB6-3, BoMYB6-4, BoMYBL2-1 and BoMYBL2-2) and three BobHLH genes (BoTT8_5-1, BoTT8_5-2 and BoEGL5-3) were critical transcription factors controlling anthocyanin accumulation under light conditions. Based on these data, a light-associated anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in Broccoli was proposed. This information could help improve broccoli properties, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underpinning light-associated anthocyanin production in purple vegetables.https://peerj.com/articles/8870.pdfBroccoliTranscriptomeAnthocyaninsLight induction |
| spellingShingle | Chunqing Liu Xueqin Yao Guangqing Li Lei Huang Zhujie Xie Transcriptomic profiling of purple broccoli reveals light-induced anthocyanin biosynthetic signaling and structural genes PeerJ Broccoli Transcriptome Anthocyanins Light induction |
| title | Transcriptomic profiling of purple broccoli reveals light-induced anthocyanin biosynthetic signaling and structural genes |
| title_full | Transcriptomic profiling of purple broccoli reveals light-induced anthocyanin biosynthetic signaling and structural genes |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptomic profiling of purple broccoli reveals light-induced anthocyanin biosynthetic signaling and structural genes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptomic profiling of purple broccoli reveals light-induced anthocyanin biosynthetic signaling and structural genes |
| title_short | Transcriptomic profiling of purple broccoli reveals light-induced anthocyanin biosynthetic signaling and structural genes |
| title_sort | transcriptomic profiling of purple broccoli reveals light induced anthocyanin biosynthetic signaling and structural genes |
| topic | Broccoli Transcriptome Anthocyanins Light induction |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/8870.pdf |
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