Pharmacogenetics May Prevent Psychotropic Adverse Events in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Observational Pilot Study
Introduction: Up to 73% of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) currently have prescriptions for psychotropic drugs. This is explained by a higher prevalence of medical and psychiatric chronic comorbidities, which favors polypharmacy, increasing the probab...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/10/1496 |
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| author | Laura de Miguel Pura Ballester Cecilia Egoavil María Luisa Sánchez-Ocaña Ana María García-Muñoz Begoña Cerdá Pilar Zafrilla Enrique Ramos Ana M. Peiró |
| author_facet | Laura de Miguel Pura Ballester Cecilia Egoavil María Luisa Sánchez-Ocaña Ana María García-Muñoz Begoña Cerdá Pilar Zafrilla Enrique Ramos Ana M. Peiró |
| author_sort | Laura de Miguel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Up to 73% of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) currently have prescriptions for psychotropic drugs. This is explained by a higher prevalence of medical and psychiatric chronic comorbidities, which favors polypharmacy, increasing the probability of the appearance of adverse events (AEs). These could be a preventable cause of harm to patients with ASD and an unnecessary waste of healthcare resources. Objective: To study the impact of pharmacogenetic markers on the prevention of AE appearance in a population with ASD and ID. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational study (n = 118, 72 participants completed all information) in the ASD population. Sociodemographic and pharmacological data were gathered. The Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser Scale (UKU Scale) was used to identify AEs related to the use of psychotropic medication. Polymorphisms of <i>DOP2</i>, <i>ABCB1</i>, and <i>COMT</i> were genotyped and correlated with the AE to find candidate genes. Furthermore, a review of all medications assessed in a clinical trial for adults with autism was performed to enrich the search for potential pharmacogenetic markers, keeping in mind the usual medications. Results: The majority of the study population were men (75%) with multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy, the most frequently prescribed drugs were antipsychotics (69%); 21% of the participants had four or more AEs related to psychotropic drugs. The most common were “Neurological” and” Psychiatric” (both 41%). Statistical analysis results suggested a significant correlation between the neurological symptoms and the <i>DOP2</i> genotype, given that they are not equally distributed among its allelic variants. The final review considered 19 manuscripts of medications for adults with ASD, and the confirmed genetic markers for those medications were consulted in databases. Conclusion: A possible correlation between neurologic AEs and polymorphisms of <i>DOP2</i> was observed; therefore, studying this gene could contribute to the safety of this population’s prescriptions. The following studies are underway to maximize statistical power and have a better representation of the population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:58:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9bc089dea2d343a590155da6a214ca38 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:58:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-9bc089dea2d343a590155da6a214ca382023-11-19T17:43:20ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472023-10-011610149610.3390/ph16101496Pharmacogenetics May Prevent Psychotropic Adverse Events in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Observational Pilot StudyLaura de Miguel0Pura Ballester1Cecilia Egoavil2María Luisa Sánchez-Ocaña3Ana María García-Muñoz4Begoña Cerdá5Pilar Zafrilla6Enrique Ramos7Ana M. Peiró8Pharmacogenetic Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), General University Hospital of Alicante, c/Pintor Baeza, 12, 03010 Alicante, SpainFaculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Campus de los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, SpainPharmacogenetic Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), General University Hospital of Alicante, c/Pintor Baeza, 12, 03010 Alicante, SpainFaculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Campus de los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, SpainFaculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Campus de los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, SpainFaculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Campus de los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, SpainFaculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Campus de los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, SpainClinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Chemical Safety Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, SpainPharmacogenetic Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), General University Hospital of Alicante, c/Pintor Baeza, 12, 03010 Alicante, SpainIntroduction: Up to 73% of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) currently have prescriptions for psychotropic drugs. This is explained by a higher prevalence of medical and psychiatric chronic comorbidities, which favors polypharmacy, increasing the probability of the appearance of adverse events (AEs). These could be a preventable cause of harm to patients with ASD and an unnecessary waste of healthcare resources. Objective: To study the impact of pharmacogenetic markers on the prevention of AE appearance in a population with ASD and ID. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational study (n = 118, 72 participants completed all information) in the ASD population. Sociodemographic and pharmacological data were gathered. The Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser Scale (UKU Scale) was used to identify AEs related to the use of psychotropic medication. Polymorphisms of <i>DOP2</i>, <i>ABCB1</i>, and <i>COMT</i> were genotyped and correlated with the AE to find candidate genes. Furthermore, a review of all medications assessed in a clinical trial for adults with autism was performed to enrich the search for potential pharmacogenetic markers, keeping in mind the usual medications. Results: The majority of the study population were men (75%) with multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy, the most frequently prescribed drugs were antipsychotics (69%); 21% of the participants had four or more AEs related to psychotropic drugs. The most common were “Neurological” and” Psychiatric” (both 41%). Statistical analysis results suggested a significant correlation between the neurological symptoms and the <i>DOP2</i> genotype, given that they are not equally distributed among its allelic variants. The final review considered 19 manuscripts of medications for adults with ASD, and the confirmed genetic markers for those medications were consulted in databases. Conclusion: A possible correlation between neurologic AEs and polymorphisms of <i>DOP2</i> was observed; therefore, studying this gene could contribute to the safety of this population’s prescriptions. The following studies are underway to maximize statistical power and have a better representation of the population.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/10/1496autism spectrum disorderpharmacogeneticsadverse eventspolypharmacydopaminergic system |
| spellingShingle | Laura de Miguel Pura Ballester Cecilia Egoavil María Luisa Sánchez-Ocaña Ana María García-Muñoz Begoña Cerdá Pilar Zafrilla Enrique Ramos Ana M. Peiró Pharmacogenetics May Prevent Psychotropic Adverse Events in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Observational Pilot Study Pharmaceuticals autism spectrum disorder pharmacogenetics adverse events polypharmacy dopaminergic system |
| title | Pharmacogenetics May Prevent Psychotropic Adverse Events in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Observational Pilot Study |
| title_full | Pharmacogenetics May Prevent Psychotropic Adverse Events in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Observational Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Pharmacogenetics May Prevent Psychotropic Adverse Events in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Observational Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacogenetics May Prevent Psychotropic Adverse Events in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Observational Pilot Study |
| title_short | Pharmacogenetics May Prevent Psychotropic Adverse Events in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Observational Pilot Study |
| title_sort | pharmacogenetics may prevent psychotropic adverse events in autism spectrum disorder an observational pilot study |
| topic | autism spectrum disorder pharmacogenetics adverse events polypharmacy dopaminergic system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/10/1496 |
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