Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study

While much evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and PD is unclear. To study their association, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using the following statistical me...

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Main Authors: Aaron Shengting Mai, Brendan Jen-Wei Tan, Qiao-Yang Sun, Eng-King Tan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-01-01
Series:Journal of Clinical Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/2/561
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author Aaron Shengting Mai
Brendan Jen-Wei Tan
Qiao-Yang Sun
Eng-King Tan
author_facet Aaron Shengting Mai
Brendan Jen-Wei Tan
Qiao-Yang Sun
Eng-King Tan
author_sort Aaron Shengting Mai
collection DOAJ
description While much evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and PD is unclear. To study their association, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using the following statistical methods: inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weight median, and weighted mode. Independent datasets with no sample overlap were retrieved from the IEU GWAS platform. All the MR methods found a lower risk of PD in T1DM (IVW—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.91–0.96, <i>p</i> = 3.12 × 10<sup>−5</sup>; MR-Egger—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88–0.98, <i>p</i> = 1.45 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted median—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89–0.98, <i>p</i> = 2.76 × 10<sup>−3</sup>; and weighted mode—OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.9–0.98, <i>p</i> = 1.58 × 10<sup>−2</sup>). The findings were then replicated with another independent GWAS dataset on T1DM (IVW—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99, <i>p</i> = 3.10 × 10<sup>−3</sup>; MR-Egger—OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.08 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted median—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.88 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted mode—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.43 × 10<sup>−2</sup>). Thus, our study provides evidence that T1DM may have a protective effect on PD risk, though further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms.
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spelling doaj.art-9bc3f2f4828c4d90a5b8fd2e5f6a3a472024-01-29T14:03:01ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832024-01-0113256110.3390/jcm13020561Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization StudyAaron Shengting Mai0Brendan Jen-Wei Tan1Qiao-Yang Sun2Eng-King Tan3Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, SingaporeDepartment of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital Campus, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, SingaporeDepartment of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital Campus, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, SingaporeDepartment of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital Campus, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, SingaporeWhile much evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and PD is unclear. To study their association, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using the following statistical methods: inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weight median, and weighted mode. Independent datasets with no sample overlap were retrieved from the IEU GWAS platform. All the MR methods found a lower risk of PD in T1DM (IVW—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.91–0.96, <i>p</i> = 3.12 × 10<sup>−5</sup>; MR-Egger—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88–0.98, <i>p</i> = 1.45 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted median—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89–0.98, <i>p</i> = 2.76 × 10<sup>−3</sup>; and weighted mode—OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.9–0.98, <i>p</i> = 1.58 × 10<sup>−2</sup>). The findings were then replicated with another independent GWAS dataset on T1DM (IVW—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99, <i>p</i> = 3.10 × 10<sup>−3</sup>; MR-Egger—OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.08 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted median—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.88 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted mode—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.43 × 10<sup>−2</sup>). Thus, our study provides evidence that T1DM may have a protective effect on PD risk, though further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/2/561Mendelian randomizationParkinson’s diseasetype 1 diabetes mellitusFinnGen
spellingShingle Aaron Shengting Mai
Brendan Jen-Wei Tan
Qiao-Yang Sun
Eng-King Tan
Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Journal of Clinical Medicine
Mendelian randomization
Parkinson’s disease
type 1 diabetes mellitus
FinnGen
title Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
title_full Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
title_fullStr Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
title_full_unstemmed Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
title_short Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
title_sort association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and parkinson s disease a mendelian randomization study
topic Mendelian randomization
Parkinson’s disease
type 1 diabetes mellitus
FinnGen
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/2/561
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