Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
While much evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and PD is unclear. To study their association, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using the following statistical me...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-01-01
|
Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/2/561 |
_version_ | 1797339695973138432 |
---|---|
author | Aaron Shengting Mai Brendan Jen-Wei Tan Qiao-Yang Sun Eng-King Tan |
author_facet | Aaron Shengting Mai Brendan Jen-Wei Tan Qiao-Yang Sun Eng-King Tan |
author_sort | Aaron Shengting Mai |
collection | DOAJ |
description | While much evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and PD is unclear. To study their association, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using the following statistical methods: inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weight median, and weighted mode. Independent datasets with no sample overlap were retrieved from the IEU GWAS platform. All the MR methods found a lower risk of PD in T1DM (IVW—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.91–0.96, <i>p</i> = 3.12 × 10<sup>−5</sup>; MR-Egger—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88–0.98, <i>p</i> = 1.45 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted median—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89–0.98, <i>p</i> = 2.76 × 10<sup>−3</sup>; and weighted mode—OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.9–0.98, <i>p</i> = 1.58 × 10<sup>−2</sup>). The findings were then replicated with another independent GWAS dataset on T1DM (IVW—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99, <i>p</i> = 3.10 × 10<sup>−3</sup>; MR-Egger—OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.08 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted median—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.88 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted mode—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.43 × 10<sup>−2</sup>). Thus, our study provides evidence that T1DM may have a protective effect on PD risk, though further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:52:07Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-9bc3f2f4828c4d90a5b8fd2e5f6a3a47 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2077-0383 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:52:07Z |
publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
publisher | MDPI AG |
record_format | Article |
series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
spelling | doaj.art-9bc3f2f4828c4d90a5b8fd2e5f6a3a472024-01-29T14:03:01ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832024-01-0113256110.3390/jcm13020561Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization StudyAaron Shengting Mai0Brendan Jen-Wei Tan1Qiao-Yang Sun2Eng-King Tan3Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, SingaporeDepartment of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital Campus, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, SingaporeDepartment of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital Campus, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, SingaporeDepartment of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital Campus, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, SingaporeWhile much evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and PD is unclear. To study their association, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using the following statistical methods: inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weight median, and weighted mode. Independent datasets with no sample overlap were retrieved from the IEU GWAS platform. All the MR methods found a lower risk of PD in T1DM (IVW—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.91–0.96, <i>p</i> = 3.12 × 10<sup>−5</sup>; MR-Egger—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88–0.98, <i>p</i> = 1.45 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted median—OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89–0.98, <i>p</i> = 2.76 × 10<sup>−3</sup>; and weighted mode—OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.9–0.98, <i>p</i> = 1.58 × 10<sup>−2</sup>). The findings were then replicated with another independent GWAS dataset on T1DM (IVW—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99, <i>p</i> = 3.10 × 10<sup>−3</sup>; MR-Egger—OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.08 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted median—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.88 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; weighted mode—OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–0.99, <i>p</i> = 1.43 × 10<sup>−2</sup>). Thus, our study provides evidence that T1DM may have a protective effect on PD risk, though further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/2/561Mendelian randomizationParkinson’s diseasetype 1 diabetes mellitusFinnGen |
spellingShingle | Aaron Shengting Mai Brendan Jen-Wei Tan Qiao-Yang Sun Eng-King Tan Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study Journal of Clinical Medicine Mendelian randomization Parkinson’s disease type 1 diabetes mellitus FinnGen |
title | Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_full | Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_fullStr | Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_short | Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_sort | association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and parkinson s disease a mendelian randomization study |
topic | Mendelian randomization Parkinson’s disease type 1 diabetes mellitus FinnGen |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/2/561 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT aaronshengtingmai associationbetweentype1diabetesmellitusandparkinsonsdiseaseamendelianrandomizationstudy AT brendanjenweitan associationbetweentype1diabetesmellitusandparkinsonsdiseaseamendelianrandomizationstudy AT qiaoyangsun associationbetweentype1diabetesmellitusandparkinsonsdiseaseamendelianrandomizationstudy AT engkingtan associationbetweentype1diabetesmellitusandparkinsonsdiseaseamendelianrandomizationstudy |