Hydrophilic Chlorin e6-Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer Nanoconjugates for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy
In photodynamic therapy (PDT), chlorin e6 (Ce6), with its high phototoxic potential and strong absorption of visible light, penetrates deeply into photodamaged tissue. However, despite this fact, the direct application of Ce6 to PDT has been limited by its low water solubility and poor cancer cell l...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/6/445 |
| _version_ | 1818888830928814080 |
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| author | So-Ri Lee Young-Jin Kim |
| author_facet | So-Ri Lee Young-Jin Kim |
| author_sort | So-Ri Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In photodynamic therapy (PDT), chlorin e6 (Ce6), with its high phototoxic potential and strong absorption of visible light, penetrates deeply into photodamaged tissue. However, despite this fact, the direct application of Ce6 to PDT has been limited by its low water solubility and poor cancer cell localization. To ameliorate this situation, we report herein on the use of a hydrophilic nanoconjugate (DC) comprised of Ce6 and poly(amidoamine) dendrimer, which improves the water solubility and intracellular uptake of Ce6, thereby enhancing PDT efficacy. The synthesis of DC was verified by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, and the coupling ratio of Ce6 introduced onto DC was 2.64. The prepared DC was spherical, with an average diameter of 61.7 ± 3.5 nm. In addition, the characteristic ultraviolet-visible absorption bands of DC in distilled water were similar to those of free Ce6 in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), indicating that the Ce6 chromophore did not change upon conjugation. Investigation using fluorescence spectroscopy and confocal microscopy revealed a greater intracellular uptake of DC than of Ce6 alone. Moreover, DC exhibited significantly increased phototoxicity to human cervical cancer cells, mostly because of apoptotic cell death. These results imply that DC is a candidate for the clinical treatment of PDT. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:59:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9bde8fa6bcc9482bb30a4d47bfdf29d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:59:22Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-9bde8fa6bcc9482bb30a4d47bfdf29d62022-12-21T20:13:19ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912018-06-018644510.3390/nano8060445nano8060445Hydrophilic Chlorin e6-Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer Nanoconjugates for Enhanced Photodynamic TherapySo-Ri Lee0Young-Jin Kim1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, KoreaIn photodynamic therapy (PDT), chlorin e6 (Ce6), with its high phototoxic potential and strong absorption of visible light, penetrates deeply into photodamaged tissue. However, despite this fact, the direct application of Ce6 to PDT has been limited by its low water solubility and poor cancer cell localization. To ameliorate this situation, we report herein on the use of a hydrophilic nanoconjugate (DC) comprised of Ce6 and poly(amidoamine) dendrimer, which improves the water solubility and intracellular uptake of Ce6, thereby enhancing PDT efficacy. The synthesis of DC was verified by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, and the coupling ratio of Ce6 introduced onto DC was 2.64. The prepared DC was spherical, with an average diameter of 61.7 ± 3.5 nm. In addition, the characteristic ultraviolet-visible absorption bands of DC in distilled water were similar to those of free Ce6 in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), indicating that the Ce6 chromophore did not change upon conjugation. Investigation using fluorescence spectroscopy and confocal microscopy revealed a greater intracellular uptake of DC than of Ce6 alone. Moreover, DC exhibited significantly increased phototoxicity to human cervical cancer cells, mostly because of apoptotic cell death. These results imply that DC is a candidate for the clinical treatment of PDT.http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/6/445photodynamic therapychlorin e6poly(amidoamine) dendrimernanoconjugatecervical cancer |
| spellingShingle | So-Ri Lee Young-Jin Kim Hydrophilic Chlorin e6-Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer Nanoconjugates for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy Nanomaterials photodynamic therapy chlorin e6 poly(amidoamine) dendrimer nanoconjugate cervical cancer |
| title | Hydrophilic Chlorin e6-Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer Nanoconjugates for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy |
| title_full | Hydrophilic Chlorin e6-Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer Nanoconjugates for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Hydrophilic Chlorin e6-Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer Nanoconjugates for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrophilic Chlorin e6-Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer Nanoconjugates for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy |
| title_short | Hydrophilic Chlorin e6-Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer Nanoconjugates for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy |
| title_sort | hydrophilic chlorin e6 poly amidoamine dendrimer nanoconjugates for enhanced photodynamic therapy |
| topic | photodynamic therapy chlorin e6 poly(amidoamine) dendrimer nanoconjugate cervical cancer |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/6/445 |
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