Dynamics of Etiolation Monitored by Seedling Morphology, Carotenoid Composition, Antioxidant Level, and Photoactivity of Protochlorophyllide in Arabidopsis thaliana
Although etiolated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings are widely used as a model to study the de-etiolation process, the etiolation itself at the molecular level still needs elucidation. Here, we monitored the etiolation dynamics for wild type A. thaliana seedlings and lutein-deficient (lut2) mutant bet...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.772727/full |
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| author | Pawel Jedynak Kamil Filip Trzebuniak Magdalena Chowaniec Piotr Zgłobicki Agnieszka Katarzyna Banaś Beata Mysliwa-Kurdziel |
| author_facet | Pawel Jedynak Kamil Filip Trzebuniak Magdalena Chowaniec Piotr Zgłobicki Agnieszka Katarzyna Banaś Beata Mysliwa-Kurdziel |
| author_sort | Pawel Jedynak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although etiolated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings are widely used as a model to study the de-etiolation process, the etiolation itself at the molecular level still needs elucidation. Here, we monitored the etiolation dynamics for wild type A. thaliana seedlings and lutein-deficient (lut2) mutant between 2 and 12 days of their growth in the absence of light. We analyzed the shape of the apex, the growth rate, the carotenoids and protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) accumulation, and the light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (LPOR) transcripts. Differences concerning the apical hook curvature and cotyledon opening among seedlings of the same age were observed, mostly after day 6 of the culture. We categorized the observed apex shapes and presented quantitatively how distribution among the categories changed during 12 days of seedling growth. The Pchlide654/Pchlide633 ratio, corresponding to the amount of the photoactive Pchlide, was the highest in the youngest seedlings, and decreased with their age. LPORA, LPORB, and LPORC transcripts were detected in etiolated seedlings, and their content decreased during seedling growth. Expression of SAG12 or SAG13 senescence markers, depletion in antioxidants, and excess ion leakage were not observed during the etiolation. Lack of lutein in the lut2 mutant resulted in slow Pchlide accumulation and affected other xanthophyll composition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:49:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9bfc585b59ac4cf58fd4cd67915d5531 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:49:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-9bfc585b59ac4cf58fd4cd67915d55312022-12-21T23:45:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-02-011210.3389/fpls.2021.772727772727Dynamics of Etiolation Monitored by Seedling Morphology, Carotenoid Composition, Antioxidant Level, and Photoactivity of Protochlorophyllide in Arabidopsis thalianaPawel Jedynak0Kamil Filip Trzebuniak1Magdalena Chowaniec2Piotr Zgłobicki3Agnieszka Katarzyna Banaś4Beata Mysliwa-Kurdziel5Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, PolandDepartment of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, PolandDepartment of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, PolandDepartment of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, PolandDepartment of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, PolandDepartment of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, PolandAlthough etiolated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings are widely used as a model to study the de-etiolation process, the etiolation itself at the molecular level still needs elucidation. Here, we monitored the etiolation dynamics for wild type A. thaliana seedlings and lutein-deficient (lut2) mutant between 2 and 12 days of their growth in the absence of light. We analyzed the shape of the apex, the growth rate, the carotenoids and protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) accumulation, and the light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (LPOR) transcripts. Differences concerning the apical hook curvature and cotyledon opening among seedlings of the same age were observed, mostly after day 6 of the culture. We categorized the observed apex shapes and presented quantitatively how distribution among the categories changed during 12 days of seedling growth. The Pchlide654/Pchlide633 ratio, corresponding to the amount of the photoactive Pchlide, was the highest in the youngest seedlings, and decreased with their age. LPORA, LPORB, and LPORC transcripts were detected in etiolated seedlings, and their content decreased during seedling growth. Expression of SAG12 or SAG13 senescence markers, depletion in antioxidants, and excess ion leakage were not observed during the etiolation. Lack of lutein in the lut2 mutant resulted in slow Pchlide accumulation and affected other xanthophyll composition.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.772727/fulletiolationArabidopsis thalianalut2 mutantprotochlorophyllidePchlide654/Pchlide633light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase |
| spellingShingle | Pawel Jedynak Kamil Filip Trzebuniak Magdalena Chowaniec Piotr Zgłobicki Agnieszka Katarzyna Banaś Beata Mysliwa-Kurdziel Dynamics of Etiolation Monitored by Seedling Morphology, Carotenoid Composition, Antioxidant Level, and Photoactivity of Protochlorophyllide in Arabidopsis thaliana Frontiers in Plant Science etiolation Arabidopsis thaliana lut2 mutant protochlorophyllide Pchlide654/Pchlide633 light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase |
| title | Dynamics of Etiolation Monitored by Seedling Morphology, Carotenoid Composition, Antioxidant Level, and Photoactivity of Protochlorophyllide in Arabidopsis thaliana |
| title_full | Dynamics of Etiolation Monitored by Seedling Morphology, Carotenoid Composition, Antioxidant Level, and Photoactivity of Protochlorophyllide in Arabidopsis thaliana |
| title_fullStr | Dynamics of Etiolation Monitored by Seedling Morphology, Carotenoid Composition, Antioxidant Level, and Photoactivity of Protochlorophyllide in Arabidopsis thaliana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamics of Etiolation Monitored by Seedling Morphology, Carotenoid Composition, Antioxidant Level, and Photoactivity of Protochlorophyllide in Arabidopsis thaliana |
| title_short | Dynamics of Etiolation Monitored by Seedling Morphology, Carotenoid Composition, Antioxidant Level, and Photoactivity of Protochlorophyllide in Arabidopsis thaliana |
| title_sort | dynamics of etiolation monitored by seedling morphology carotenoid composition antioxidant level and photoactivity of protochlorophyllide in arabidopsis thaliana |
| topic | etiolation Arabidopsis thaliana lut2 mutant protochlorophyllide Pchlide654/Pchlide633 light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.772727/full |
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