Highly Sensitive Twin Resonance Coupling Refractive Index Sensor Based on Gold- and MgF<sub>2</sub>-Coated Nano Metal Films

A plasmonic material-coated circular-shaped photonic crystal fiber (C-PCF) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed to explore the optical guiding performance of the refractive index (RI) sensing at 1.7–3.7 <inline-formula>μ</inline-formula>m. A twin resonance coupling...

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Main Authors: Kawsar Ahmed, Mohammed A. AlZain, Hasan Abdullah, Yanhua Luo, Dhasarathan Vigneswaran, Osama S. Faragallah, Mahmoud M. A. Eid, Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-04-01
Series:Biosensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/11/4/104
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author Kawsar Ahmed
Mohammed A. AlZain
Hasan Abdullah
Yanhua Luo
Dhasarathan Vigneswaran
Osama S. Faragallah
Mahmoud M. A. Eid
Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed
author_facet Kawsar Ahmed
Mohammed A. AlZain
Hasan Abdullah
Yanhua Luo
Dhasarathan Vigneswaran
Osama S. Faragallah
Mahmoud M. A. Eid
Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed
author_sort Kawsar Ahmed
collection DOAJ
description A plasmonic material-coated circular-shaped photonic crystal fiber (C-PCF) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed to explore the optical guiding performance of the refractive index (RI) sensing at 1.7–3.7 <inline-formula>μ</inline-formula>m. A twin resonance coupling profile is observed by selectively infiltrating liquid using finite element method (FEM). A nano-ring gold layer with a magnesium fluoride (MgF<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>) coating and fused silica are used as plasmonic and base material, respectively, that help to achieve maximum sensing performance. RI analytes are highly sensitive to SPR and are injected into the outmost air holes of the cladding. The highest sensitivity of 27,958.49 nm/RIU, birefringence of 3.9 × <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, resolution of 3.70094 × <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> RIU, and transmittance dip of −34 dB are achieved. The proposed work is a purely numerical simulation with proper optimization. The value of optimization has been referred to with an experimental tolerance value, but at the same time it has been ensured that it is not fabricated and tested. In summary, the explored C-PCF can widely be eligible for RI-based sensing applications for its excellent performance, which makes it a solid candidate for next generation biosensing applications.
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spelling doaj.art-9c03e651cb1c4eb3ab841e5b2e4b0da72023-11-21T14:05:49ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742021-04-0111410410.3390/bios11040104Highly Sensitive Twin Resonance Coupling Refractive Index Sensor Based on Gold- and MgF<sub>2</sub>-Coated Nano Metal FilmsKawsar Ahmed0Mohammed A. AlZain1Hasan Abdullah2Yanhua Luo3Dhasarathan Vigneswaran4Osama S. Faragallah5Mahmoud M. A. Eid6Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed7Group of Biophotomatiχ, Department of ICT, MBSTU, Tangail 1902, BangladeshDepartment of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaGroup of Biophotomatiχ, Department of ICT, MBSTU, Tangail 1902, BangladeshPhotonics & Optical Communication, School of Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaDepartment of Electronics and Communication, Sri Krishna College of Technology, Coimbatore 641 042, IndiaDepartment of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of EECE, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf 32951, EgyptA plasmonic material-coated circular-shaped photonic crystal fiber (C-PCF) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed to explore the optical guiding performance of the refractive index (RI) sensing at 1.7–3.7 <inline-formula>μ</inline-formula>m. A twin resonance coupling profile is observed by selectively infiltrating liquid using finite element method (FEM). A nano-ring gold layer with a magnesium fluoride (MgF<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>) coating and fused silica are used as plasmonic and base material, respectively, that help to achieve maximum sensing performance. RI analytes are highly sensitive to SPR and are injected into the outmost air holes of the cladding. The highest sensitivity of 27,958.49 nm/RIU, birefringence of 3.9 × <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, resolution of 3.70094 × <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> RIU, and transmittance dip of −34 dB are achieved. The proposed work is a purely numerical simulation with proper optimization. The value of optimization has been referred to with an experimental tolerance value, but at the same time it has been ensured that it is not fabricated and tested. In summary, the explored C-PCF can widely be eligible for RI-based sensing applications for its excellent performance, which makes it a solid candidate for next generation biosensing applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/11/4/104birefringencePCFrefractive index sensorsurface plasmon resonancesensitivity
spellingShingle Kawsar Ahmed
Mohammed A. AlZain
Hasan Abdullah
Yanhua Luo
Dhasarathan Vigneswaran
Osama S. Faragallah
Mahmoud M. A. Eid
Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed
Highly Sensitive Twin Resonance Coupling Refractive Index Sensor Based on Gold- and MgF<sub>2</sub>-Coated Nano Metal Films
Biosensors
birefringence
PCF
refractive index sensor
surface plasmon resonance
sensitivity
title Highly Sensitive Twin Resonance Coupling Refractive Index Sensor Based on Gold- and MgF<sub>2</sub>-Coated Nano Metal Films
title_full Highly Sensitive Twin Resonance Coupling Refractive Index Sensor Based on Gold- and MgF<sub>2</sub>-Coated Nano Metal Films
title_fullStr Highly Sensitive Twin Resonance Coupling Refractive Index Sensor Based on Gold- and MgF<sub>2</sub>-Coated Nano Metal Films
title_full_unstemmed Highly Sensitive Twin Resonance Coupling Refractive Index Sensor Based on Gold- and MgF<sub>2</sub>-Coated Nano Metal Films
title_short Highly Sensitive Twin Resonance Coupling Refractive Index Sensor Based on Gold- and MgF<sub>2</sub>-Coated Nano Metal Films
title_sort highly sensitive twin resonance coupling refractive index sensor based on gold and mgf sub 2 sub coated nano metal films
topic birefringence
PCF
refractive index sensor
surface plasmon resonance
sensitivity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/11/4/104
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