Greenhouse gas relationships in the Indian summer monsoon plume measured by the CARIBIC passenger aircraft
During the Indian summer monsoon period 2008, regular measurement flights were performed by the CARIBIC aircraft between Germany and India. Measurements included whole air sampling and subsequent analysis for greenhouse gases (CH<sub>4</sub>, CO<sub>2<...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2010-04-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/3965/2010/acp-10-3965-2010.pdf |
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| author | T. J. Schuck C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer A. K. Baker F. Slemr P. F. J. von Velthoven A. Zahn |
| author_facet | T. J. Schuck C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer A. K. Baker F. Slemr P. F. J. von Velthoven A. Zahn |
| author_sort | T. J. Schuck |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During the Indian summer monsoon period 2008, regular measurement flights were performed by the CARIBIC aircraft between Germany and India. Measurements included whole air sampling and subsequent analysis for greenhouse gases (CH<sub>4</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, SF<sub>6</sub>) and in-situ measurements of CO, O<sub>3</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>O. For all these tracers a distinct monsoon signature was observed in the longitude range 50–80&deg; E south of 40&deg; N at flight altitudes 8–12.5 km. The formation of a monsoon plume with enhanced mixing ratios was observed for CH<sub>4</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, SF<sub>6</sub>, CO and H<sub>2</sub>O. The plume began to develop in May and persisted through September, and maximum mixing ratios and maximum spatial extension of the plume were observed in August. For CO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> a minimum was observed. The amplitude of the CO<sub>2</sub> seasonal cycle was larger than at comparable latitudes outside the monsoon region, and the CO<sub>2</sub> spring maximum was observed with a delay of one month. Different tracer relationships show strong spatial variations across the plume. The comparison with NOAA ground station data shows a clear enhancement for CH<sub>4</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, SF<sub>6</sub> and CO and a decrease in CO<sub>2</sub> mixing ratios. Assuming seasonally invariant SF<sub>6</sub> emissions based on the EDGAR 4.0 inventory, monthly emissions were estimated for the period June–September for CH<sub>4</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CO, and the CO<sub>2</sub> uptake was estimated. While for N<sub>2</sub>O an emission decrease during the monsoon period was derived, emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> were highest in September indicating a different seasonal cycle of emissions. Net CO<sub>2</sub> uptake by the vegetation was largest in September. |
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| id | doaj.art-9c087f0d9fdf4183b0b079a85d69a28e |
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| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c087f0d9fdf4183b0b079a85d69a28e2022-12-22T02:14:08ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242010-04-011083965398410.5194/acp-10-3965-2010Greenhouse gas relationships in the Indian summer monsoon plume measured by the CARIBIC passenger aircraftT. J. SchuckC. A. M. BrenninkmeijerA. K. BakerF. SlemrP. F. J. von VelthovenA. ZahnDuring the Indian summer monsoon period 2008, regular measurement flights were performed by the CARIBIC aircraft between Germany and India. Measurements included whole air sampling and subsequent analysis for greenhouse gases (CH<sub>4</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, SF<sub>6</sub>) and in-situ measurements of CO, O<sub>3</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>O. For all these tracers a distinct monsoon signature was observed in the longitude range 50–80&deg; E south of 40&deg; N at flight altitudes 8–12.5 km. The formation of a monsoon plume with enhanced mixing ratios was observed for CH<sub>4</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, SF<sub>6</sub>, CO and H<sub>2</sub>O. The plume began to develop in May and persisted through September, and maximum mixing ratios and maximum spatial extension of the plume were observed in August. For CO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> a minimum was observed. The amplitude of the CO<sub>2</sub> seasonal cycle was larger than at comparable latitudes outside the monsoon region, and the CO<sub>2</sub> spring maximum was observed with a delay of one month. Different tracer relationships show strong spatial variations across the plume. The comparison with NOAA ground station data shows a clear enhancement for CH<sub>4</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, SF<sub>6</sub> and CO and a decrease in CO<sub>2</sub> mixing ratios. Assuming seasonally invariant SF<sub>6</sub> emissions based on the EDGAR 4.0 inventory, monthly emissions were estimated for the period June–September for CH<sub>4</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CO, and the CO<sub>2</sub> uptake was estimated. While for N<sub>2</sub>O an emission decrease during the monsoon period was derived, emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> were highest in September indicating a different seasonal cycle of emissions. Net CO<sub>2</sub> uptake by the vegetation was largest in September.http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/3965/2010/acp-10-3965-2010.pdf |
| spellingShingle | T. J. Schuck C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer A. K. Baker F. Slemr P. F. J. von Velthoven A. Zahn Greenhouse gas relationships in the Indian summer monsoon plume measured by the CARIBIC passenger aircraft Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Greenhouse gas relationships in the Indian summer monsoon plume measured by the CARIBIC passenger aircraft |
| title_full | Greenhouse gas relationships in the Indian summer monsoon plume measured by the CARIBIC passenger aircraft |
| title_fullStr | Greenhouse gas relationships in the Indian summer monsoon plume measured by the CARIBIC passenger aircraft |
| title_full_unstemmed | Greenhouse gas relationships in the Indian summer monsoon plume measured by the CARIBIC passenger aircraft |
| title_short | Greenhouse gas relationships in the Indian summer monsoon plume measured by the CARIBIC passenger aircraft |
| title_sort | greenhouse gas relationships in the indian summer monsoon plume measured by the caribic passenger aircraft |
| url | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/3965/2010/acp-10-3965-2010.pdf |
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