Effect of Three Boron Concentrations in Soil on Growth and Physiology in Sweet Cherry Trees
Boron (B) is an essential element for plants. B availability depends on the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil and the quality of irrigation water. Under natural conditions, both toxic and deficit concentrations can occur and should be managed for crop production. However, the range b...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/6/1240 |
| _version_ | 1797609443446226944 |
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| author | Gerardo Arredondo Claudia Bonomelli |
| author_facet | Gerardo Arredondo Claudia Bonomelli |
| author_sort | Gerardo Arredondo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Boron (B) is an essential element for plants. B availability depends on the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil and the quality of irrigation water. Under natural conditions, both toxic and deficit concentrations can occur and should be managed for crop production. However, the range between deficiency and toxicity is narrow. The objective of this study was to determine the response of cherry trees to deficient (0.04 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), adequate (1.1 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), and toxic (3.75 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) B concentrations in the soil by measuring growth, biomass, photosynthetic parameters, visual symptoms, and morphological changes. Plants treated with a toxic dose had more spurs and shorter internodes than those treated with adequate and deficient doses. The white root weight (50.5 g) at low B concentrations had the most roots compared with the adequate (33.0 g) and toxic (22.0 g) concentrations. The stem weight and biomass partitioning were higher for white roots and stems at B-deficient and -adequate doses than at toxic doses. The net photosynthesis (Pn) and transpiration rate (E) were significantly higher in plants with adequate concentrations of B. Stomatal conductance (Gs) was higher in B-deficient plants. Morphological and visual differences were observed between treatments. The results showed that it is essential to adequately manage B in cherry crops to avoid the adverse effects of both low and toxic concentrations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:01:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c1713072f624a0f8533abc593074255 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:01:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c1713072f624a0f8533abc5930742552023-11-17T13:21:05ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-03-01126124010.3390/plants12061240Effect of Three Boron Concentrations in Soil on Growth and Physiology in Sweet Cherry TreesGerardo Arredondo0Claudia Bonomelli1Departamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, ChileDepartamento de Fruticultura y Enología, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, ChileBoron (B) is an essential element for plants. B availability depends on the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil and the quality of irrigation water. Under natural conditions, both toxic and deficit concentrations can occur and should be managed for crop production. However, the range between deficiency and toxicity is narrow. The objective of this study was to determine the response of cherry trees to deficient (0.04 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), adequate (1.1 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), and toxic (3.75 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) B concentrations in the soil by measuring growth, biomass, photosynthetic parameters, visual symptoms, and morphological changes. Plants treated with a toxic dose had more spurs and shorter internodes than those treated with adequate and deficient doses. The white root weight (50.5 g) at low B concentrations had the most roots compared with the adequate (33.0 g) and toxic (22.0 g) concentrations. The stem weight and biomass partitioning were higher for white roots and stems at B-deficient and -adequate doses than at toxic doses. The net photosynthesis (Pn) and transpiration rate (E) were significantly higher in plants with adequate concentrations of B. Stomatal conductance (Gs) was higher in B-deficient plants. Morphological and visual differences were observed between treatments. The results showed that it is essential to adequately manage B in cherry crops to avoid the adverse effects of both low and toxic concentrations.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/6/1240boron symptomssweet cherry biomass partitionphotosynthesis |
| spellingShingle | Gerardo Arredondo Claudia Bonomelli Effect of Three Boron Concentrations in Soil on Growth and Physiology in Sweet Cherry Trees Plants boron symptoms sweet cherry biomass partition photosynthesis |
| title | Effect of Three Boron Concentrations in Soil on Growth and Physiology in Sweet Cherry Trees |
| title_full | Effect of Three Boron Concentrations in Soil on Growth and Physiology in Sweet Cherry Trees |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Three Boron Concentrations in Soil on Growth and Physiology in Sweet Cherry Trees |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Three Boron Concentrations in Soil on Growth and Physiology in Sweet Cherry Trees |
| title_short | Effect of Three Boron Concentrations in Soil on Growth and Physiology in Sweet Cherry Trees |
| title_sort | effect of three boron concentrations in soil on growth and physiology in sweet cherry trees |
| topic | boron symptoms sweet cherry biomass partition photosynthesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/6/1240 |
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