Production of highly immunogenic and safe Triton X-100 produced bacterial ghost vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2b serotype
Abstract Background Bacterial ghost cells (BGCs) are cells were drained of their genetic and cytoplasmic components. This work aimed to develop vaccine candidates against the Shigella flexneri (S. flexneri) 2b serotype using the BGCs approach. For the first time, (S. flexneri) 2b serotype BGCs vacci...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Gut Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-023-00568-7 |
| _version_ | 1827634127448309760 |
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| author | Amany Abdelfattah Reham Samir Heba M. Amin |
| author_facet | Amany Abdelfattah Reham Samir Heba M. Amin |
| author_sort | Amany Abdelfattah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Bacterial ghost cells (BGCs) are cells were drained of their genetic and cytoplasmic components. This work aimed to develop vaccine candidates against the Shigella flexneri (S. flexneri) 2b serotype using the BGCs approach. For the first time, (S. flexneri) 2b serotype BGCs vaccine was prepared by incubation with Triton X-100 (TX100) for only 12 h. Its safety and immunogenicity were compared to another vaccine produced using a previously used surfactant, namely Tween 80 (TW80). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cellular DNA, protein contents measurements, and ghost cell re-cultivation were used to confirm the successful generation of the BGCs. Immunogenicity was assessed through mice's intraperitoneal (IP) immunization followed by infection with S. flexneri ATCC 12022. Finally, histopathological examination was carried out. Results Viable colony forming units (CFUs) of S. flexneri were counted from stool samples as well as homogenized colon tissues of the non-immunized challenged group. Immunized mice sera showed a significant increase in serum bactericidal activity of both preparations (TX100 = 40% and TW80 = 56%) compared to the non-immunized challenged group (positive control). The IgG levels of the bacterial ghost-vaccinated groups were four and three times greater for the TX100 and TW80 ghost vaccines, respectively, compared to that of the positive control; both bacterial ghost vaccines (BGVs) were safe and effective, according to the results of the safety check tests and histopathological analysis. Conclusions When comparing the BGVs prepared using TX100 and TW80 methods, the use of TX100 as a new chemical treating agent for BGC production attained robust results in terms of shorter incubation time with the targeted cells and a strong immune response against S. flexneri 2b serotype ATCC 12022 in the IP challenge test. However, a clinical study is needed to confirm the efficacy and total safety of this novel vaccine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:09:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c1f9cc5e0fc4ba7a12dbd3228f429f6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1757-4749 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:09:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gut Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c1f9cc5e0fc4ba7a12dbd3228f429f62023-11-26T13:27:22ZengBMCGut Pathogens1757-47492023-09-0115111410.1186/s13099-023-00568-7Production of highly immunogenic and safe Triton X-100 produced bacterial ghost vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2b serotypeAmany Abdelfattah0Reham Samir1Heba M. Amin2Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo UniversityDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)Abstract Background Bacterial ghost cells (BGCs) are cells were drained of their genetic and cytoplasmic components. This work aimed to develop vaccine candidates against the Shigella flexneri (S. flexneri) 2b serotype using the BGCs approach. For the first time, (S. flexneri) 2b serotype BGCs vaccine was prepared by incubation with Triton X-100 (TX100) for only 12 h. Its safety and immunogenicity were compared to another vaccine produced using a previously used surfactant, namely Tween 80 (TW80). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cellular DNA, protein contents measurements, and ghost cell re-cultivation were used to confirm the successful generation of the BGCs. Immunogenicity was assessed through mice's intraperitoneal (IP) immunization followed by infection with S. flexneri ATCC 12022. Finally, histopathological examination was carried out. Results Viable colony forming units (CFUs) of S. flexneri were counted from stool samples as well as homogenized colon tissues of the non-immunized challenged group. Immunized mice sera showed a significant increase in serum bactericidal activity of both preparations (TX100 = 40% and TW80 = 56%) compared to the non-immunized challenged group (positive control). The IgG levels of the bacterial ghost-vaccinated groups were four and three times greater for the TX100 and TW80 ghost vaccines, respectively, compared to that of the positive control; both bacterial ghost vaccines (BGVs) were safe and effective, according to the results of the safety check tests and histopathological analysis. Conclusions When comparing the BGVs prepared using TX100 and TW80 methods, the use of TX100 as a new chemical treating agent for BGC production attained robust results in terms of shorter incubation time with the targeted cells and a strong immune response against S. flexneri 2b serotype ATCC 12022 in the IP challenge test. However, a clinical study is needed to confirm the efficacy and total safety of this novel vaccine.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-023-00568-7Shigella flexneriTriton X-100Bacterial ghost vaccineShigellosisImmune responseBactericidal activity |
| spellingShingle | Amany Abdelfattah Reham Samir Heba M. Amin Production of highly immunogenic and safe Triton X-100 produced bacterial ghost vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2b serotype Gut Pathogens Shigella flexneri Triton X-100 Bacterial ghost vaccine Shigellosis Immune response Bactericidal activity |
| title | Production of highly immunogenic and safe Triton X-100 produced bacterial ghost vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2b serotype |
| title_full | Production of highly immunogenic and safe Triton X-100 produced bacterial ghost vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2b serotype |
| title_fullStr | Production of highly immunogenic and safe Triton X-100 produced bacterial ghost vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2b serotype |
| title_full_unstemmed | Production of highly immunogenic and safe Triton X-100 produced bacterial ghost vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2b serotype |
| title_short | Production of highly immunogenic and safe Triton X-100 produced bacterial ghost vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2b serotype |
| title_sort | production of highly immunogenic and safe triton x 100 produced bacterial ghost vaccine against shigella flexneri 2b serotype |
| topic | Shigella flexneri Triton X-100 Bacterial ghost vaccine Shigellosis Immune response Bactericidal activity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-023-00568-7 |
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