Maternal and Fetal Effects of Gestational Vitamin D Concentration
Most (90%) vitamin D synthesis occurs in the skin using sunlight (ultraviolet rays), and 10% is obtained through food. Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for skeletal growth and maintenance, cell proliferation and differentiation, and immune function. This study investigated whether maternal serum v...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Healthcare |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/16/2325 |
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| author | Ki-Wook Kwon Young-Hyeon Lee Min-Ho Yeo Sang-Hyun Park Hye-Ran Kim Hye-Sook Kim Kyung-Soo Chang |
| author_facet | Ki-Wook Kwon Young-Hyeon Lee Min-Ho Yeo Sang-Hyun Park Hye-Ran Kim Hye-Sook Kim Kyung-Soo Chang |
| author_sort | Ki-Wook Kwon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Most (90%) vitamin D synthesis occurs in the skin using sunlight (ultraviolet rays), and 10% is obtained through food. Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for skeletal growth and maintenance, cell proliferation and differentiation, and immune function. This study investigated whether maternal serum vitamin D concentrations induce maternofetal effects. Hematological analysis, serological changes, and precision fetal ultrasound findings were analyzed by maternal vitamin D concentration in gestational weeks 22–25 to ascertain direct effects on fetal growth. Bone density–vitamin D concentration correlation was analyzed. No hematologic or serological effect of maternal vitamin D concentration was detected; however, the sexually transmitted infection and cross-infection rates were inversely proportional to maternal vitamin D concentration. No significant correlation between vitamin D concentration and vertebral and femoral BMD was detected. For fetal growth, biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length, and humerus length were analyzed. Humerus (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and femur (<i>p</i> < 0.001) lengths were higher in the vitamin D-sufficient group than in the vitamin D-deficient group. Vitamin D concentration did not positively affect hematologic changes and bone density; maternal vitamin D concentration essentially affected fetal bone growth. Vitamin D inhibits sexually transmitted infections in mothers and promotes fetal bone growth. Prevention of vitamin D deficiency, supplementation, or outdoor activities is recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:54:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c2318a71fbd4291a85dd1d304fb78f0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:54:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c2318a71fbd4291a85dd1d304fb78f02023-11-19T01:19:22ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322023-08-011116232510.3390/healthcare11162325Maternal and Fetal Effects of Gestational Vitamin D ConcentrationKi-Wook Kwon0Young-Hyeon Lee1Min-Ho Yeo2Sang-Hyun Park3Hye-Ran Kim4Hye-Sook Kim5Kyung-Soo Chang6Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Science, Kyungnam College of Information & Technology, Busan 47011, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui Institute of Technology, Busan 47230, Republic of KoreaDivision of International Infectious Diseases Control, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, JapanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of KoreaMost (90%) vitamin D synthesis occurs in the skin using sunlight (ultraviolet rays), and 10% is obtained through food. Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for skeletal growth and maintenance, cell proliferation and differentiation, and immune function. This study investigated whether maternal serum vitamin D concentrations induce maternofetal effects. Hematological analysis, serological changes, and precision fetal ultrasound findings were analyzed by maternal vitamin D concentration in gestational weeks 22–25 to ascertain direct effects on fetal growth. Bone density–vitamin D concentration correlation was analyzed. No hematologic or serological effect of maternal vitamin D concentration was detected; however, the sexually transmitted infection and cross-infection rates were inversely proportional to maternal vitamin D concentration. No significant correlation between vitamin D concentration and vertebral and femoral BMD was detected. For fetal growth, biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length, and humerus length were analyzed. Humerus (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and femur (<i>p</i> < 0.001) lengths were higher in the vitamin D-sufficient group than in the vitamin D-deficient group. Vitamin D concentration did not positively affect hematologic changes and bone density; maternal vitamin D concentration essentially affected fetal bone growth. Vitamin D inhibits sexually transmitted infections in mothers and promotes fetal bone growth. Prevention of vitamin D deficiency, supplementation, or outdoor activities is recommended.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/16/2325mothervitamin Dfetal bone growthvitamin D deficiency |
| spellingShingle | Ki-Wook Kwon Young-Hyeon Lee Min-Ho Yeo Sang-Hyun Park Hye-Ran Kim Hye-Sook Kim Kyung-Soo Chang Maternal and Fetal Effects of Gestational Vitamin D Concentration Healthcare mother vitamin D fetal bone growth vitamin D deficiency |
| title | Maternal and Fetal Effects of Gestational Vitamin D Concentration |
| title_full | Maternal and Fetal Effects of Gestational Vitamin D Concentration |
| title_fullStr | Maternal and Fetal Effects of Gestational Vitamin D Concentration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maternal and Fetal Effects of Gestational Vitamin D Concentration |
| title_short | Maternal and Fetal Effects of Gestational Vitamin D Concentration |
| title_sort | maternal and fetal effects of gestational vitamin d concentration |
| topic | mother vitamin D fetal bone growth vitamin D deficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/16/2325 |
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