A Survey on Long-Range Attacks for Proof of Stake Protocols
Despite common arguments about the prevalence of blockchain technology, in terms of security, privacy, and immutability, in reality, several attacks can be launched against them. This paper provides a systematic literature review on long-range attacks for proof of stake protocols. If successful, the...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IEEE
2019-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8653269/ |
| _version_ | 1828976950078603264 |
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| author | Evangelos Deirmentzoglou Georgios Papakyriakopoulos Constantinos Patsakis |
| author_facet | Evangelos Deirmentzoglou Georgios Papakyriakopoulos Constantinos Patsakis |
| author_sort | Evangelos Deirmentzoglou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite common arguments about the prevalence of blockchain technology, in terms of security, privacy, and immutability, in reality, several attacks can be launched against them. This paper provides a systematic literature review on long-range attacks for proof of stake protocols. If successful, these attacks may take over the main chain and partially, or even completely, rewrite the history of transactions that are stored in the blockchain. To this end, we describe how proof of stake protocols work, their fundamental properties, their drawbacks, and their attack surface. After presenting long-range attacks, we discuss possible countermeasures and their applicability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T14:48:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c2617dcb4474e5aa4df3550e212e0ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T14:48:47Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c2617dcb4474e5aa4df3550e212e0ab2022-12-21T22:57:13ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362019-01-017287122872510.1109/ACCESS.2019.29018588653269A Survey on Long-Range Attacks for Proof of Stake ProtocolsEvangelos Deirmentzoglou0Georgios Papakyriakopoulos1Constantinos Patsakis2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4460-9331Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, GreeceCisco Security Services, Marousi, GreeceDepartment of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, GreeceDespite common arguments about the prevalence of blockchain technology, in terms of security, privacy, and immutability, in reality, several attacks can be launched against them. This paper provides a systematic literature review on long-range attacks for proof of stake protocols. If successful, these attacks may take over the main chain and partially, or even completely, rewrite the history of transactions that are stored in the blockchain. To this end, we describe how proof of stake protocols work, their fundamental properties, their drawbacks, and their attack surface. After presenting long-range attacks, we discuss possible countermeasures and their applicability.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8653269/Blockchain and proof of stake and long-range attacks |
| spellingShingle | Evangelos Deirmentzoglou Georgios Papakyriakopoulos Constantinos Patsakis A Survey on Long-Range Attacks for Proof of Stake Protocols IEEE Access Blockchain and proof of stake and long-range attacks |
| title | A Survey on Long-Range Attacks for Proof of Stake Protocols |
| title_full | A Survey on Long-Range Attacks for Proof of Stake Protocols |
| title_fullStr | A Survey on Long-Range Attacks for Proof of Stake Protocols |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Survey on Long-Range Attacks for Proof of Stake Protocols |
| title_short | A Survey on Long-Range Attacks for Proof of Stake Protocols |
| title_sort | survey on long range attacks for proof of stake protocols |
| topic | Blockchain and proof of stake and long-range attacks |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8653269/ |
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