Performance of SMAP and SMOS Salinity Products under Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal
To compare the accuracy of satellite salinity data of level-3 Soil Moisture Active Passive V4.0 (S<sub>SMAP</sub>) and debiased v5 CATDS level-3 Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (S<sub>SMOS</sub>) before and after tropical cyclones (TCs) in the Bay of Bengal (BoB), this study...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/15/3733 |
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| author | Huabing Xu Yucai Shan Guangjun Xu |
| author_facet | Huabing Xu Yucai Shan Guangjun Xu |
| author_sort | Huabing Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To compare the accuracy of satellite salinity data of level-3 Soil Moisture Active Passive V4.0 (S<sub>SMAP</sub>) and debiased v5 CATDS level-3 Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (S<sub>SMOS</sub>) before and after tropical cyclones (TCs) in the Bay of Bengal (BoB), this study used the sea surface salinity of Argo (S<sub>Argo</sub>) to assess S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>SMOS</sub> before and after the passage of 10 TCs from 2015 to 2019. The results indicate that the S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>SMOS</sub> agreed well with S<sub>Argo</sub> before and after 10 TCs. It can be seen that the correlation between S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>Argo</sub> (before TCs: S<sub>SMAP</sub> = 0.95S<sub>Argo</sub> + 1.52, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.83; after TCs: S<sub>SMAP</sub> = 0.87S<sub>Argo</sub> + 4.34, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.79) was obviously higher than that of S<sub>SMOS</sub> and S<sub>Argo</sub> (before TCs: S<sub>SMOS</sub> = 0.68S<sub>Argo</sub> + 10.38, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.62; after TCs: S<sub>SMOS</sub> = 0.88S<sub>Argo</sub> + 3.98, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.58). The root mean square error (RMSE) was also significantly higher between S<sub>SMOS</sub> and S<sub>Argo</sub> (before TCs: 0.84 psu; after TCs: 0.78 psu) than between S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>Argo</sub> (before TCs: 0.58 psu; after TCs: 0.47 psu). In addition, this study compared S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>SMOS</sub> during two TCs that swept in nearshore and offshore waters, and the results show good agreement between S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>Argo</sub> in the nearshore and offshore waters of BoB. In the BoB, both S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>SMOS</sub> can retrieve sea surface salinity well, and S<sub>SMAP</sub> is overall better than S<sub>SMOS</sub>, but the SMOS salinity product can fill the gap of SMAP from 2010 to 2015. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:02:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-9c2ffd77d7324b07ad16f2f47f98353e2023-12-03T12:58:40ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-08-011415373310.3390/rs14153733Performance of SMAP and SMOS Salinity Products under Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of BengalHuabing Xu0Yucai Shan1Guangjun Xu2College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaTo compare the accuracy of satellite salinity data of level-3 Soil Moisture Active Passive V4.0 (S<sub>SMAP</sub>) and debiased v5 CATDS level-3 Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (S<sub>SMOS</sub>) before and after tropical cyclones (TCs) in the Bay of Bengal (BoB), this study used the sea surface salinity of Argo (S<sub>Argo</sub>) to assess S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>SMOS</sub> before and after the passage of 10 TCs from 2015 to 2019. The results indicate that the S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>SMOS</sub> agreed well with S<sub>Argo</sub> before and after 10 TCs. It can be seen that the correlation between S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>Argo</sub> (before TCs: S<sub>SMAP</sub> = 0.95S<sub>Argo</sub> + 1.52, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.83; after TCs: S<sub>SMAP</sub> = 0.87S<sub>Argo</sub> + 4.34, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.79) was obviously higher than that of S<sub>SMOS</sub> and S<sub>Argo</sub> (before TCs: S<sub>SMOS</sub> = 0.68S<sub>Argo</sub> + 10.38, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.62; after TCs: S<sub>SMOS</sub> = 0.88S<sub>Argo</sub> + 3.98, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.58). The root mean square error (RMSE) was also significantly higher between S<sub>SMOS</sub> and S<sub>Argo</sub> (before TCs: 0.84 psu; after TCs: 0.78 psu) than between S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>Argo</sub> (before TCs: 0.58 psu; after TCs: 0.47 psu). In addition, this study compared S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>SMOS</sub> during two TCs that swept in nearshore and offshore waters, and the results show good agreement between S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>Argo</sub> in the nearshore and offshore waters of BoB. In the BoB, both S<sub>SMAP</sub> and S<sub>SMOS</sub> can retrieve sea surface salinity well, and S<sub>SMAP</sub> is overall better than S<sub>SMOS</sub>, but the SMOS salinity product can fill the gap of SMAP from 2010 to 2015.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/15/3733sea surface salinitytropical cycloneSMAPSMOSremote sensing |
| spellingShingle | Huabing Xu Yucai Shan Guangjun Xu Performance of SMAP and SMOS Salinity Products under Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal Remote Sensing sea surface salinity tropical cyclone SMAP SMOS remote sensing |
| title | Performance of SMAP and SMOS Salinity Products under Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal |
| title_full | Performance of SMAP and SMOS Salinity Products under Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal |
| title_fullStr | Performance of SMAP and SMOS Salinity Products under Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance of SMAP and SMOS Salinity Products under Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal |
| title_short | Performance of SMAP and SMOS Salinity Products under Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal |
| title_sort | performance of smap and smos salinity products under tropical cyclones in the bay of bengal |
| topic | sea surface salinity tropical cyclone SMAP SMOS remote sensing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/15/3733 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT huabingxu performanceofsmapandsmossalinityproductsundertropicalcyclonesinthebayofbengal AT yucaishan performanceofsmapandsmossalinityproductsundertropicalcyclonesinthebayofbengal AT guangjunxu performanceofsmapandsmossalinityproductsundertropicalcyclonesinthebayofbengal |