Revealing the Viral Community in the Hadal Sediment of the New Britain Trench
Marine viruses are widely distributed and influence matter and energy transformation in ecosystems by modulating hosts’ metabolism. The hadal trenches represent the deepest marine habitat on Earth, for which the viral communities and related biogeochemical functions are least explored and poorly und...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/7/990 |
| _version_ | 1797528478657019904 |
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| author | Hui Zhou Ping Chen Mengjie Zhang Jiawang Chen Jiasong Fang Xuan Li |
| author_facet | Hui Zhou Ping Chen Mengjie Zhang Jiawang Chen Jiasong Fang Xuan Li |
| author_sort | Hui Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Marine viruses are widely distributed and influence matter and energy transformation in ecosystems by modulating hosts’ metabolism. The hadal trenches represent the deepest marine habitat on Earth, for which the viral communities and related biogeochemical functions are least explored and poorly understood. Here, using the sediment samples (8720 m below sea level) collected from the New Britain Trench (NBT), we investigated the viral community, diversity, and genetic potentials in the hadal sediment habitat for the first time by deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing. We found the NBT sediment viral community was dominated by Siphoviridae, Myoviridae, Podoviridae, Mimiviridae, and Phycodnaviridae, which belong to the dsDNA viruses. However, the large majority of them remained uncharacterized. We found the hadal sediment virome had some common components by comparing the hadal sediment viruses with those of hadal aquatic habitats and those of bathypelagic and terrestrial habitats. It was also distinctive in community structure and had many novel viral clusters not associated with the other habitual virome included in our analyses. Further phylogenetic analysis on its Caudovirales showed novel diversities, including new clades specially evolved in the hadal sediment habitat. Annotation of the NBT sediment viruses indicated the viruses might influence microbial hydrocarbon biodegradation and carbon and sulfur cycling via metabolic augmentation through auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs). Our study filled in the knowledge gaps on the virome of the hadal sediment habitats and provided insight into the evolution and the potential metabolic functions of the hadal sediment virome. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:58:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c301b37b0f741c9a39a913c999cc797 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:58:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c301b37b0f741c9a39a913c999cc7972023-11-22T02:06:09ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252021-06-0112799010.3390/genes12070990Revealing the Viral Community in the Hadal Sediment of the New Britain TrenchHui Zhou0Ping Chen1Mengjie Zhang2Jiawang Chen3Jiasong Fang4Xuan Li5Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaKey Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaOcean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, ChinaShanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaKey Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaMarine viruses are widely distributed and influence matter and energy transformation in ecosystems by modulating hosts’ metabolism. The hadal trenches represent the deepest marine habitat on Earth, for which the viral communities and related biogeochemical functions are least explored and poorly understood. Here, using the sediment samples (8720 m below sea level) collected from the New Britain Trench (NBT), we investigated the viral community, diversity, and genetic potentials in the hadal sediment habitat for the first time by deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing. We found the NBT sediment viral community was dominated by Siphoviridae, Myoviridae, Podoviridae, Mimiviridae, and Phycodnaviridae, which belong to the dsDNA viruses. However, the large majority of them remained uncharacterized. We found the hadal sediment virome had some common components by comparing the hadal sediment viruses with those of hadal aquatic habitats and those of bathypelagic and terrestrial habitats. It was also distinctive in community structure and had many novel viral clusters not associated with the other habitual virome included in our analyses. Further phylogenetic analysis on its Caudovirales showed novel diversities, including new clades specially evolved in the hadal sediment habitat. Annotation of the NBT sediment viruses indicated the viruses might influence microbial hydrocarbon biodegradation and carbon and sulfur cycling via metabolic augmentation through auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs). Our study filled in the knowledge gaps on the virome of the hadal sediment habitats and provided insight into the evolution and the potential metabolic functions of the hadal sediment virome.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/7/990New British Trenchhadal sedimentmetagenomicsvirus |
| spellingShingle | Hui Zhou Ping Chen Mengjie Zhang Jiawang Chen Jiasong Fang Xuan Li Revealing the Viral Community in the Hadal Sediment of the New Britain Trench Genes New British Trench hadal sediment metagenomics virus |
| title | Revealing the Viral Community in the Hadal Sediment of the New Britain Trench |
| title_full | Revealing the Viral Community in the Hadal Sediment of the New Britain Trench |
| title_fullStr | Revealing the Viral Community in the Hadal Sediment of the New Britain Trench |
| title_full_unstemmed | Revealing the Viral Community in the Hadal Sediment of the New Britain Trench |
| title_short | Revealing the Viral Community in the Hadal Sediment of the New Britain Trench |
| title_sort | revealing the viral community in the hadal sediment of the new britain trench |
| topic | New British Trench hadal sediment metagenomics virus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/7/990 |
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