Impacts of Deficit Irrigation on Photosynthetic Performance, Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Aeroponically Grown Tuscan Kale (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> L.) in a Tropical Greenhouse
Tuscan kale was grown aeroponically with 5, 30 and 60 min nutrient spraying intervals (defined as 5 minNSIs, 30 minNSIs and 60 minNSIs). Four weeks after transplanting, some 5 minNSI plants were transferred to a 60 minNSI (5 minNSI → 60 minNSI) and 90 minNSI (5 minNSI → 90 minNSI) for one more week....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/3/2014 |
| _version_ | 1797624484784504832 |
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| author | Jie He Crystalbelle Chang Lin Qin Cheng Hsiang Lai |
| author_facet | Jie He Crystalbelle Chang Lin Qin Cheng Hsiang Lai |
| author_sort | Jie He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tuscan kale was grown aeroponically with 5, 30 and 60 min nutrient spraying intervals (defined as 5 minNSIs, 30 minNSIs and 60 minNSIs). Four weeks after transplanting, some 5 minNSI plants were transferred to a 60 minNSI (5 minNSI → 60 minNSI) and 90 minNSI (5 minNSI → 90 minNSI) for one more week. Significantly lower light-saturated rates of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were observed for plants grown with a 60 minNSI than with a 5 minNSI. However, all plants had similar internal CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations and transpiration rates. Reduced light use efficiency but increased energy dissipation was observed in plants grown in a 60 minNSI. A higher nitrate concentration was observed in 60 minNSI plants compared to 5 minNSI and 30 minNSI plants, while all plants had similar concentrations of total reduced nitrogen, leaf soluble protein and Rubisco protein. Plants grown with prolonged NSIs (deficit irrigation) had lower biomass accumulation due to the inhibition of leaf initiation and expansion compared to 5 minNSIs. However, there was no substantial yield penalty in 5 minNSI → 60 minNSI plants. Enhancements in nutritional quality through deficit irrigation at pre-harvest were measured by proline and total soluble sugar. In conclusion, it is better to grow Tuscan kale with a 5 minNSI for four weeks followed by one week with a 60 minNSI before harvest to reduce water usage, yield penalty and enhance nutritional quality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:43:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c596ff973ef431da8aa18bc66427682 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:43:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c596ff973ef431da8aa18bc664276822023-11-16T16:51:05ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-01-01243201410.3390/ijms24032014Impacts of Deficit Irrigation on Photosynthetic Performance, Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Aeroponically Grown Tuscan Kale (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> L.) in a Tropical GreenhouseJie He0Crystalbelle Chang1Lin Qin2Cheng Hsiang Lai3Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, SingaporeNatural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, SingaporeNatural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, SingaporeMeod Pte Ltd., 13 Neo Tiew Harvest Lane, Singapore 719838, SingaporeTuscan kale was grown aeroponically with 5, 30 and 60 min nutrient spraying intervals (defined as 5 minNSIs, 30 minNSIs and 60 minNSIs). Four weeks after transplanting, some 5 minNSI plants were transferred to a 60 minNSI (5 minNSI → 60 minNSI) and 90 minNSI (5 minNSI → 90 minNSI) for one more week. Significantly lower light-saturated rates of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were observed for plants grown with a 60 minNSI than with a 5 minNSI. However, all plants had similar internal CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations and transpiration rates. Reduced light use efficiency but increased energy dissipation was observed in plants grown in a 60 minNSI. A higher nitrate concentration was observed in 60 minNSI plants compared to 5 minNSI and 30 minNSI plants, while all plants had similar concentrations of total reduced nitrogen, leaf soluble protein and Rubisco protein. Plants grown with prolonged NSIs (deficit irrigation) had lower biomass accumulation due to the inhibition of leaf initiation and expansion compared to 5 minNSIs. However, there was no substantial yield penalty in 5 minNSI → 60 minNSI plants. Enhancements in nutritional quality through deficit irrigation at pre-harvest were measured by proline and total soluble sugar. In conclusion, it is better to grow Tuscan kale with a 5 minNSI for four weeks followed by one week with a 60 minNSI before harvest to reduce water usage, yield penalty and enhance nutritional quality.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/3/2014deficit irrigationphotosynthetic performancephytochemicalsproductivityTuscan kale |
| spellingShingle | Jie He Crystalbelle Chang Lin Qin Cheng Hsiang Lai Impacts of Deficit Irrigation on Photosynthetic Performance, Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Aeroponically Grown Tuscan Kale (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> L.) in a Tropical Greenhouse International Journal of Molecular Sciences deficit irrigation photosynthetic performance phytochemicals productivity Tuscan kale |
| title | Impacts of Deficit Irrigation on Photosynthetic Performance, Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Aeroponically Grown Tuscan Kale (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> L.) in a Tropical Greenhouse |
| title_full | Impacts of Deficit Irrigation on Photosynthetic Performance, Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Aeroponically Grown Tuscan Kale (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> L.) in a Tropical Greenhouse |
| title_fullStr | Impacts of Deficit Irrigation on Photosynthetic Performance, Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Aeroponically Grown Tuscan Kale (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> L.) in a Tropical Greenhouse |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impacts of Deficit Irrigation on Photosynthetic Performance, Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Aeroponically Grown Tuscan Kale (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> L.) in a Tropical Greenhouse |
| title_short | Impacts of Deficit Irrigation on Photosynthetic Performance, Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Aeroponically Grown Tuscan Kale (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> L.) in a Tropical Greenhouse |
| title_sort | impacts of deficit irrigation on photosynthetic performance productivity and nutritional quality of aeroponically grown tuscan kale i brassica oleracea i l in a tropical greenhouse |
| topic | deficit irrigation photosynthetic performance phytochemicals productivity Tuscan kale |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/3/2014 |
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