Effects of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on the Intestinal Microbiota
We evaluated associations of smoking heaviness markers and the effects of smoking cessation on the intestinal microbiota and cardiovascular disease risk factors in current smokers undertaking a quit attempt. Participants were current smokers enrolled in a prospective randomized clinical trial of smo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-09-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/9/2963 |
| _version_ | 1797553794039414784 |
|---|---|
| author | Marcus G. Sublette Tzu-Wen L. Cross Claudia E. Korcarz Kristin M. Hansen Sofia M. Murga-Garrido Stanley L. Hazen Zeneng Wang Madeline K. Oguss Federico E. Rey James H. Stein |
| author_facet | Marcus G. Sublette Tzu-Wen L. Cross Claudia E. Korcarz Kristin M. Hansen Sofia M. Murga-Garrido Stanley L. Hazen Zeneng Wang Madeline K. Oguss Federico E. Rey James H. Stein |
| author_sort | Marcus G. Sublette |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We evaluated associations of smoking heaviness markers and the effects of smoking cessation on the intestinal microbiota and cardiovascular disease risk factors in current smokers undertaking a quit attempt. Participants were current smokers enrolled in a prospective randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation therapies with visits at baseline, 2, and 12 weeks. Genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis using the QIIME2 software workflow. Relative abundances of bacterial taxa and alpha- and beta-diversity measures were used for comparisons. The 36 smokers were (mean (standard deviation)) 51.5 (11.1) years old (42% male) and smoked 15.1 (6.4) cigarettes per day for 22.7 (11.9) pack-years. Relative abundances of the phylum Actinobacteria correlated with pack-years (rho = −0.44, <i>p</i> = 0.008) and Cyanobacteria correlated with CO levels (rho = 0.39, <i>p</i> = 0.021). After 12 weeks, relative abundances of the phylum Bacteroidetes increased (<i>p</i><sub>ANCOVA</sub> = 0.048) and Firmicutes decreased (<i>p</i><sub>ANCOVA</sub> = 0.036) among abstainers compared to continuing smokers. Increases in alpha-diversity were associated with heart rates (rho = −0.59, <i>p</i> = 0.037), systolic blood pressures (rho = −0.58, <i>p</i> = 0.043), and C-reactive protein (rho = −0.60, <i>p</i> = 0.034). Smoking cessation led to minor changes in the intestinal microbiota. It is unclear if the proven health benefits of smoking cessation lead to salutary changes in the intestinal microbiota. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:21:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c6596b08eea4c28addd796b742d5203 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:21:43Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c6596b08eea4c28addd796b742d52032023-11-20T13:39:34ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832020-09-0199296310.3390/jcm9092963Effects of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on the Intestinal MicrobiotaMarcus G. Sublette0Tzu-Wen L. Cross1Claudia E. Korcarz2Kristin M. Hansen3Sofia M. Murga-Garrido4Stanley L. Hazen5Zeneng Wang6Madeline K. Oguss7Federico E. Rey8James H. Stein9Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USADepartment of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USADepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USADepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USADepartment of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USADepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USADepartment of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USAWe evaluated associations of smoking heaviness markers and the effects of smoking cessation on the intestinal microbiota and cardiovascular disease risk factors in current smokers undertaking a quit attempt. Participants were current smokers enrolled in a prospective randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation therapies with visits at baseline, 2, and 12 weeks. Genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis using the QIIME2 software workflow. Relative abundances of bacterial taxa and alpha- and beta-diversity measures were used for comparisons. The 36 smokers were (mean (standard deviation)) 51.5 (11.1) years old (42% male) and smoked 15.1 (6.4) cigarettes per day for 22.7 (11.9) pack-years. Relative abundances of the phylum Actinobacteria correlated with pack-years (rho = −0.44, <i>p</i> = 0.008) and Cyanobacteria correlated with CO levels (rho = 0.39, <i>p</i> = 0.021). After 12 weeks, relative abundances of the phylum Bacteroidetes increased (<i>p</i><sub>ANCOVA</sub> = 0.048) and Firmicutes decreased (<i>p</i><sub>ANCOVA</sub> = 0.036) among abstainers compared to continuing smokers. Increases in alpha-diversity were associated with heart rates (rho = −0.59, <i>p</i> = 0.037), systolic blood pressures (rho = −0.58, <i>p</i> = 0.043), and C-reactive protein (rho = −0.60, <i>p</i> = 0.034). Smoking cessation led to minor changes in the intestinal microbiota. It is unclear if the proven health benefits of smoking cessation lead to salutary changes in the intestinal microbiota.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/9/2963cardiovascular diseasegut floramicrobiomesmokingsmoking cessation |
| spellingShingle | Marcus G. Sublette Tzu-Wen L. Cross Claudia E. Korcarz Kristin M. Hansen Sofia M. Murga-Garrido Stanley L. Hazen Zeneng Wang Madeline K. Oguss Federico E. Rey James H. Stein Effects of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on the Intestinal Microbiota Journal of Clinical Medicine cardiovascular disease gut flora microbiome smoking smoking cessation |
| title | Effects of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on the Intestinal Microbiota |
| title_full | Effects of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on the Intestinal Microbiota |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on the Intestinal Microbiota |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on the Intestinal Microbiota |
| title_short | Effects of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on the Intestinal Microbiota |
| title_sort | effects of smoking and smoking cessation on the intestinal microbiota |
| topic | cardiovascular disease gut flora microbiome smoking smoking cessation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/9/2963 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marcusgsublette effectsofsmokingandsmokingcessationontheintestinalmicrobiota AT tzuwenlcross effectsofsmokingandsmokingcessationontheintestinalmicrobiota AT claudiaekorcarz effectsofsmokingandsmokingcessationontheintestinalmicrobiota AT kristinmhansen effectsofsmokingandsmokingcessationontheintestinalmicrobiota AT sofiammurgagarrido effectsofsmokingandsmokingcessationontheintestinalmicrobiota AT stanleylhazen effectsofsmokingandsmokingcessationontheintestinalmicrobiota AT zenengwang effectsofsmokingandsmokingcessationontheintestinalmicrobiota AT madelinekoguss effectsofsmokingandsmokingcessationontheintestinalmicrobiota AT federicoerey effectsofsmokingandsmokingcessationontheintestinalmicrobiota AT jameshstein effectsofsmokingandsmokingcessationontheintestinalmicrobiota |