Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic review
The taeniid Echinococcus is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease echinococcosis/hydatidosis and is associated with economic losses in livestock production. This review summarizes available scientific literature on circulating species of Echinococcus in humans, wild and domestic animals in cou...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Food and Waterborne Parasitology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676620300160 |
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| author | R.D. Miambo S.M.S Afonso E.V. Noormahomed A. Pondja S. Mukaratirwa |
| author_facet | R.D. Miambo S.M.S Afonso E.V. Noormahomed A. Pondja S. Mukaratirwa |
| author_sort | R.D. Miambo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The taeniid Echinococcus is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease echinococcosis/hydatidosis and is associated with economic losses in livestock production. This review summarizes available scientific literature on circulating species of Echinococcus in humans, wild and domestic animals in countries of Southern Africa Development Community, and identifies knowledge gaps and recommend research priorities. Data were systematically accessed from Google Scholar, MEDLINE/PubMed and from library resources from December 2017 to June 2019. Meta-analysis was conducted in STATA program and heterogeneity and prevalence values were pooled by host species with 95% confidence interval. In intermediate hosts, the overall prevalence of Echinococcus by meat inspection was 10% (CI: 9–11%) in small ruminants, 7% (CI: 5–8%) in cattle, 1% (CI: 0–1%) in pigs and 9% (CI: 0–29%) in wild herbivores. In canids by CoproAg-ELISA and necropsy the prevalence was of 10% (CI: 8–10%) and 6% (CI: 3–10%) respectively. A high level of heterogeneity (I2 > 65%) was observed for all study groups. Echinococcus equinus, E. canadensis, E ortleppi and E. felidis were reported from wildlife and E. ortleppi, E. granulosus s. s. and E. canadensis from humans. There is paucity of research in echinococcosis and gaps in prevalence reports over time in both humans and animals in the SADC region and we recommend an increase in future studies on the epidemiology of disease, risk factors for transmission in animals and humans and its relation with human health specially in the advent of HIV pandemic following a “One Health” approach. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:54:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c7b0fd0360d4906b4027a1add22798f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-6766 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:54:34Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Food and Waterborne Parasitology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c7b0fd0360d4906b4027a1add22798f2022-12-22T03:01:34ZengElsevierFood and Waterborne Parasitology2405-67662020-09-0120e00087Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic reviewR.D. Miambo0S.M.S Afonso1E.V. Noormahomed2A. Pondja3S. Mukaratirwa4Faculty of Veterinary, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique; School of Life Science, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa; Corresponding author at: School of Life Science, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa.Faculty of Veterinary, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, MozambiqueDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique; Mozambique Institute for Health Education and Research (MIHER), Maputo, Mozambique; Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Division, University of California, San Diego, USAFaculty of Veterinary, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, MozambiqueSchool of Life Science, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa; One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and NevisThe taeniid Echinococcus is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease echinococcosis/hydatidosis and is associated with economic losses in livestock production. This review summarizes available scientific literature on circulating species of Echinococcus in humans, wild and domestic animals in countries of Southern Africa Development Community, and identifies knowledge gaps and recommend research priorities. Data were systematically accessed from Google Scholar, MEDLINE/PubMed and from library resources from December 2017 to June 2019. Meta-analysis was conducted in STATA program and heterogeneity and prevalence values were pooled by host species with 95% confidence interval. In intermediate hosts, the overall prevalence of Echinococcus by meat inspection was 10% (CI: 9–11%) in small ruminants, 7% (CI: 5–8%) in cattle, 1% (CI: 0–1%) in pigs and 9% (CI: 0–29%) in wild herbivores. In canids by CoproAg-ELISA and necropsy the prevalence was of 10% (CI: 8–10%) and 6% (CI: 3–10%) respectively. A high level of heterogeneity (I2 > 65%) was observed for all study groups. Echinococcus equinus, E. canadensis, E ortleppi and E. felidis were reported from wildlife and E. ortleppi, E. granulosus s. s. and E. canadensis from humans. There is paucity of research in echinococcosis and gaps in prevalence reports over time in both humans and animals in the SADC region and we recommend an increase in future studies on the epidemiology of disease, risk factors for transmission in animals and humans and its relation with human health specially in the advent of HIV pandemic following a “One Health” approach.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676620300160Echinococcus spp.LivestockDogsWild animalsHumansSouthern Africa Development Community |
| spellingShingle | R.D. Miambo S.M.S Afonso E.V. Noormahomed A. Pondja S. Mukaratirwa Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic review Food and Waterborne Parasitology Echinococcus spp. Livestock Dogs Wild animals Humans Southern Africa Development Community |
| title | Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic review |
| title_full | Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic review |
| title_short | Echinococcosis in humans and animals in Southern Africa Development Community countries: A systematic review |
| title_sort | echinococcosis in humans and animals in southern africa development community countries a systematic review |
| topic | Echinococcus spp. Livestock Dogs Wild animals Humans Southern Africa Development Community |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676620300160 |
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