Estimating the Actual Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing and SEBAL Model in an Arid Environment of Northwest China
Evapotranspiration (<i>ET</i>) is an important channel for water transport and energy conversion in land–air systems, and the spatial quantification of actual ET is crucial for water resource management and scheduling in arid areas. Using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SE...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| author | Xietian Chen Shouchao Yu Hengjia Zhang Fuqiang Li Chao Liang Zeyi Wang |
| author_facet | Xietian Chen Shouchao Yu Hengjia Zhang Fuqiang Li Chao Liang Zeyi Wang |
| author_sort | Xietian Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Evapotranspiration (<i>ET</i>) is an important channel for water transport and energy conversion in land–air systems, and the spatial quantification of actual ET is crucial for water resource management and scheduling in arid areas. Using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) model and satellite images, this study determined the actual ET during the growing season of 2020 in the Shiyang River Basin of northwest China and investigated the driving mechanism of ET using a principal component regression. The results showed that the ET obtained using the Penman-Monteith equation exhibited a good correlation with the ET estimated using SEBAL (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.85). Additionally, SEBAL overestimated ET to some extent compared to the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) ET (MOD16) product. The daily ET (<i>ET</i><sub>d</sub>) in the Shiyang River Basin showed a single-peak variation during the growing season, with the maximum value occurring around mid-July. Spatially, the ET gradually increased from northeast to southwest with the variation in the land use/land cover (LULC) type. Among the six LULC types, <i>ET</i><sub>d</sub> was higher for woodland, water body, and grassland, all exceeding 5.0 mm/d; farmland and built-up land had <i>ET</i><sub>d</sub> close to 3.9 mm/d; and barren land had the lowest <i>ET</i><sub>d</sub> of below 2.5 mm/d. Furthermore, the standardized regression coefficients indicated that the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is the main driving factor influencing ET. Overall, the SEBAL model has the potential to estimate spatially actual ET, and the study results provide a scientific basis for water resource accounting and hydrological analysis in arid areas. |
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| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-9c8597f8d9e94f8bbb6a9b137431bee32023-11-17T21:48:47ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-04-01158155510.3390/w15081555Estimating the Actual Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing and SEBAL Model in an Arid Environment of Northwest ChinaXietian Chen0Shouchao Yu1Hengjia Zhang2Fuqiang Li3Chao Liang4Zeyi Wang5College of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, ChinaCollege of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaEvapotranspiration (<i>ET</i>) is an important channel for water transport and energy conversion in land–air systems, and the spatial quantification of actual ET is crucial for water resource management and scheduling in arid areas. Using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) model and satellite images, this study determined the actual ET during the growing season of 2020 in the Shiyang River Basin of northwest China and investigated the driving mechanism of ET using a principal component regression. The results showed that the ET obtained using the Penman-Monteith equation exhibited a good correlation with the ET estimated using SEBAL (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.85). Additionally, SEBAL overestimated ET to some extent compared to the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) ET (MOD16) product. The daily ET (<i>ET</i><sub>d</sub>) in the Shiyang River Basin showed a single-peak variation during the growing season, with the maximum value occurring around mid-July. Spatially, the ET gradually increased from northeast to southwest with the variation in the land use/land cover (LULC) type. Among the six LULC types, <i>ET</i><sub>d</sub> was higher for woodland, water body, and grassland, all exceeding 5.0 mm/d; farmland and built-up land had <i>ET</i><sub>d</sub> close to 3.9 mm/d; and barren land had the lowest <i>ET</i><sub>d</sub> of below 2.5 mm/d. Furthermore, the standardized regression coefficients indicated that the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is the main driving factor influencing ET. Overall, the SEBAL model has the potential to estimate spatially actual ET, and the study results provide a scientific basis for water resource accounting and hydrological analysis in arid areas.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/8/1555evapotranspirationSEBALremote sensingprincipal component regressionShiyang River Basin |
| spellingShingle | Xietian Chen Shouchao Yu Hengjia Zhang Fuqiang Li Chao Liang Zeyi Wang Estimating the Actual Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing and SEBAL Model in an Arid Environment of Northwest China Water evapotranspiration SEBAL remote sensing principal component regression Shiyang River Basin |
| title | Estimating the Actual Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing and SEBAL Model in an Arid Environment of Northwest China |
| title_full | Estimating the Actual Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing and SEBAL Model in an Arid Environment of Northwest China |
| title_fullStr | Estimating the Actual Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing and SEBAL Model in an Arid Environment of Northwest China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimating the Actual Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing and SEBAL Model in an Arid Environment of Northwest China |
| title_short | Estimating the Actual Evapotranspiration Using Remote Sensing and SEBAL Model in an Arid Environment of Northwest China |
| title_sort | estimating the actual evapotranspiration using remote sensing and sebal model in an arid environment of northwest china |
| topic | evapotranspiration SEBAL remote sensing principal component regression Shiyang River Basin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/8/1555 |
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