Integrated breast massage versus traditional breast massage for treatment of plugged milk duct in lactating women: a randomized controlled trial
Abstract Background Plugged milk duct during lactation is a common problem in breastfeeding. Traditional breast massage (TBM) has been performed in Thailand with reasonable outcomes, but several follow-up sessions are often required. A new massage technique, the integrated breast massage (IBM), was...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-06-01
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| Series: | International Breastfeeding Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-022-00485-6 |
| _version_ | 1811257948080439296 |
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| author | Nutchanat Munsittikul Supannee Tantaobharse Pitiporn Siripattanapipong Punnanee Wutthigate Sopapan Ngerncham Buranee Yangthara |
| author_facet | Nutchanat Munsittikul Supannee Tantaobharse Pitiporn Siripattanapipong Punnanee Wutthigate Sopapan Ngerncham Buranee Yangthara |
| author_sort | Nutchanat Munsittikul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Plugged milk duct during lactation is a common problem in breastfeeding. Traditional breast massage (TBM) has been performed in Thailand with reasonable outcomes, but several follow-up sessions are often required. A new massage technique, the integrated breast massage (IBM), was subsequently developed. This study aimed to compare resolution time, reduction in mass size, and pain score after breast massage between the IBM and TBM techniques. Methods This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Lactation Clinic of the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand during February 2019-July 2020. Women presenting with acute plugged milk duct were enrolled and randomly allocated to the IBM or TBM/control groups. Mass size in square centimeters (cm2) was calculated by multiplying the perpendicular axes of the mass. Pain score was self-scored by participants using a numerical rating scale. Median time (95% confidence interval [CI]) to resolution of plugged milk duct was derived using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Results Eighty-four women (42 per group) were included. All enrolled study participants completed the study and were included in the final analysis. Twenty-six (61.9%) and 25 (59.5%) participants from IBM and TBM, respectively, had mass diameter > 5 cm. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) mass size was 30 (20–48) and 20 (12–14) cm2 in IBM and TBM (p = 0.05), respectively. The median (95% CI) time to resolution of plugged duct was 0 (not available) and 1 (0.47–1.53) day in IBM and TBM, respectively (p < 0.01). After the first breast massage, the median (IQR) size of mass reduction was 30 (20–48) and 10 (10–26) cm2 in IBM and TBM, respectively (p = 0.01). The median (IQR) reduction in pain score was 8 (7–8) and 6 (4–7) in IBM and TBM, respectively (p = 0.01). No participants developed skin bruising or hematoma after breast massage. Conclusions The IBM technique resolved plugged milk duct significantly faster, with significantly less pain, and with significantly greater reduction in mass size after the first massage compared to TBM. Trial registration Retrospectively registered in the Thai Clinical Trials Registry on 25 September 2019 ( TCTR20190925001 ). |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T18:05:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c873b7d8e754e69952dec51563ba38f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1746-4358 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T18:05:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Breastfeeding Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c873b7d8e754e69952dec51563ba38f2022-12-22T03:22:00ZengBMCInternational Breastfeeding Journal1746-43582022-06-011711910.1186/s13006-022-00485-6Integrated breast massage versus traditional breast massage for treatment of plugged milk duct in lactating women: a randomized controlled trialNutchanat Munsittikul0Supannee Tantaobharse1Pitiporn Siripattanapipong2Punnanee Wutthigate3Sopapan Ngerncham4Buranee Yangthara5Pediatric Nursing Division, Nursing Department, Siriraj HospitalPediatric Nursing Division, Nursing Department, Siriraj HospitalDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityAbstract Background Plugged milk duct during lactation is a common problem in breastfeeding. Traditional breast massage (TBM) has been performed in Thailand with reasonable outcomes, but several follow-up sessions are often required. A new massage technique, the integrated breast massage (IBM), was subsequently developed. This study aimed to compare resolution time, reduction in mass size, and pain score after breast massage between the IBM and TBM techniques. Methods This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Lactation Clinic of the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand during February 2019-July 2020. Women presenting with acute plugged milk duct were enrolled and randomly allocated to the IBM or TBM/control groups. Mass size in square centimeters (cm2) was calculated by multiplying the perpendicular axes of the mass. Pain score was self-scored by participants using a numerical rating scale. Median time (95% confidence interval [CI]) to resolution of plugged milk duct was derived using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Results Eighty-four women (42 per group) were included. All enrolled study participants completed the study and were included in the final analysis. Twenty-six (61.9%) and 25 (59.5%) participants from IBM and TBM, respectively, had mass diameter > 5 cm. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) mass size was 30 (20–48) and 20 (12–14) cm2 in IBM and TBM (p = 0.05), respectively. The median (95% CI) time to resolution of plugged duct was 0 (not available) and 1 (0.47–1.53) day in IBM and TBM, respectively (p < 0.01). After the first breast massage, the median (IQR) size of mass reduction was 30 (20–48) and 10 (10–26) cm2 in IBM and TBM, respectively (p = 0.01). The median (IQR) reduction in pain score was 8 (7–8) and 6 (4–7) in IBM and TBM, respectively (p = 0.01). No participants developed skin bruising or hematoma after breast massage. Conclusions The IBM technique resolved plugged milk duct significantly faster, with significantly less pain, and with significantly greater reduction in mass size after the first massage compared to TBM. Trial registration Retrospectively registered in the Thai Clinical Trials Registry on 25 September 2019 ( TCTR20190925001 ).https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-022-00485-6Integrated breast massageTraditional breast massageTreatmentPlugged milk ductsLactating women |
| spellingShingle | Nutchanat Munsittikul Supannee Tantaobharse Pitiporn Siripattanapipong Punnanee Wutthigate Sopapan Ngerncham Buranee Yangthara Integrated breast massage versus traditional breast massage for treatment of plugged milk duct in lactating women: a randomized controlled trial International Breastfeeding Journal Integrated breast massage Traditional breast massage Treatment Plugged milk ducts Lactating women |
| title | Integrated breast massage versus traditional breast massage for treatment of plugged milk duct in lactating women: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_full | Integrated breast massage versus traditional breast massage for treatment of plugged milk duct in lactating women: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | Integrated breast massage versus traditional breast massage for treatment of plugged milk duct in lactating women: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integrated breast massage versus traditional breast massage for treatment of plugged milk duct in lactating women: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_short | Integrated breast massage versus traditional breast massage for treatment of plugged milk duct in lactating women: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_sort | integrated breast massage versus traditional breast massage for treatment of plugged milk duct in lactating women a randomized controlled trial |
| topic | Integrated breast massage Traditional breast massage Treatment Plugged milk ducts Lactating women |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-022-00485-6 |
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