Second booster dose improves antibody neutralization against BA.1, BA.5 and BQ.1.1 in individuals previously immunized with CoronaVac plus BNT162B2 booster protocol
IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 vaccines production and distribution enabled the return to normalcy worldwide, but it was not fast enough to avoid the emergence of variants capable of evading immune response induced by prior infections and vaccination. This study evaluated, against Omicron sublineages BA.1,...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1371695/full |
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| author | Guilherme R. F. Campos Nathalie Bonatti Franco Almeida Priscilla Soares Filgueiras Camila Amormino Corsini Sarah Vieira Contin Gomes Daniel Alvim Pena de Miranda Jéssica Vieira de Assis Thaís Bárbara de Souza Silva Pedro Augusto Alves Gabriel da Rocha Fernandes Jaquelline Germano de Oliveira Paula Rahal Rafaella Fortini Queiroz Grenfell Rafaella Fortini Queiroz Grenfell Maurício L. Nogueira Maurício L. Nogueira Maurício L. Nogueira |
| author_facet | Guilherme R. F. Campos Nathalie Bonatti Franco Almeida Priscilla Soares Filgueiras Camila Amormino Corsini Sarah Vieira Contin Gomes Daniel Alvim Pena de Miranda Jéssica Vieira de Assis Thaís Bárbara de Souza Silva Pedro Augusto Alves Gabriel da Rocha Fernandes Jaquelline Germano de Oliveira Paula Rahal Rafaella Fortini Queiroz Grenfell Rafaella Fortini Queiroz Grenfell Maurício L. Nogueira Maurício L. Nogueira Maurício L. Nogueira |
| author_sort | Guilherme R. F. Campos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 vaccines production and distribution enabled the return to normalcy worldwide, but it was not fast enough to avoid the emergence of variants capable of evading immune response induced by prior infections and vaccination. This study evaluated, against Omicron sublineages BA.1, BA.5 and BQ.1.1, the antibody response of a cohort vaccinated with a two doses CoronaVac protocol and followed by two heterologous booster doses.MethodsTo assess vaccination effectiveness, serum samples were collected from 160 individuals, in 3 different time points (9, 12 and 18 months after CoronaVac protocol). For each time point, individuals were divided into 3 subgroups, based on the number of additional doses received (No booster, 1 booster and 2 boosters), and a viral microneutralization assay was performed to evaluate neutralization titers and seroconvertion rate. ResultsThe findings presented here show that, despite the first booster, at 9m time point, improved neutralization level against omicron ancestor BA.1 (133.1 to 663.3), this trend was significantly lower for BQ.1.1 and BA.5 (132.4 to 199.1, 63.2 to 100.2, respectively). However, at 18m time point, the administration of a second booster dose considerably improved the antibody neutralization, and this was observed not only against BA.1 (2361.5), but also against subvariants BQ.1.1 (726.1) and BA.5 (659.1). Additionally, our data showed that, after first booster, seroconvertion rate for BA.5 decayed over time (93.3% at 12m to 68.4% at 18m), but after the second booster, seroconvertion was completely recovered (95% at 18m). DiscussionOur study reinforces the concerns about immunity evasion of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants, where BA.5 and BQ.1.1 were less neutralized by vaccine induced antibodies than BA.1. On the other hand, the administration of a second booster significantly enhanced antibody neutralization capacity against these subvariants. It is likely that, as new SARS-CoV-2 subvariants continue to emerge, additional immunizations will be needed over time. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T13:51:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c907d1caeb945ef9d66c77563a3cb7e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T13:51:43Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c907d1caeb945ef9d66c77563a3cb7e2024-04-04T05:02:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882024-04-011410.3389/fcimb.2024.13716951371695Second booster dose improves antibody neutralization against BA.1, BA.5 and BQ.1.1 in individuals previously immunized with CoronaVac plus BNT162B2 booster protocolGuilherme R. F. Campos0Nathalie Bonatti Franco Almeida1Priscilla Soares Filgueiras2Camila Amormino Corsini3Sarah Vieira Contin Gomes4Daniel Alvim Pena de Miranda5Jéssica Vieira de Assis6Thaís Bárbara de Souza Silva7Pedro Augusto Alves8Gabriel da Rocha Fernandes9Jaquelline Germano de Oliveira10Paula Rahal11Rafaella Fortini Queiroz Grenfell12Rafaella Fortini Queiroz Grenfell13Maurício L. Nogueira14Maurício L. Nogueira15Maurício L. Nogueira16Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia (LPV), Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, BrazilDiagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, BrazilDiagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, BrazilDiagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, BrazilDiagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, BrazilDiagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, BrazilDiagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, BrazilLaboratório de Imunologia de Doenças Virais, Instituto Rene Rachou - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, BrazilLaboratório de Imunologia de Doenças Virais, Instituto Rene Rachou - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, BrazilDiagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, BrazilLaboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular, instituto Rene Rachou - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, BrazilLaboratório de Estudos Genômicos, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas (IBILCE), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), São José do Rio Preto, BrazilDiagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, BrazilDepartment of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United StatesLaboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia (LPV), Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, BrazilHospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, BrazilDepartment of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United StatesIntroductionSARS-CoV-2 vaccines production and distribution enabled the return to normalcy worldwide, but it was not fast enough to avoid the emergence of variants capable of evading immune response induced by prior infections and vaccination. This study evaluated, against Omicron sublineages BA.1, BA.5 and BQ.1.1, the antibody response of a cohort vaccinated with a two doses CoronaVac protocol and followed by two heterologous booster doses.MethodsTo assess vaccination effectiveness, serum samples were collected from 160 individuals, in 3 different time points (9, 12 and 18 months after CoronaVac protocol). For each time point, individuals were divided into 3 subgroups, based on the number of additional doses received (No booster, 1 booster and 2 boosters), and a viral microneutralization assay was performed to evaluate neutralization titers and seroconvertion rate. ResultsThe findings presented here show that, despite the first booster, at 9m time point, improved neutralization level against omicron ancestor BA.1 (133.1 to 663.3), this trend was significantly lower for BQ.1.1 and BA.5 (132.4 to 199.1, 63.2 to 100.2, respectively). However, at 18m time point, the administration of a second booster dose considerably improved the antibody neutralization, and this was observed not only against BA.1 (2361.5), but also against subvariants BQ.1.1 (726.1) and BA.5 (659.1). Additionally, our data showed that, after first booster, seroconvertion rate for BA.5 decayed over time (93.3% at 12m to 68.4% at 18m), but after the second booster, seroconvertion was completely recovered (95% at 18m). DiscussionOur study reinforces the concerns about immunity evasion of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants, where BA.5 and BQ.1.1 were less neutralized by vaccine induced antibodies than BA.1. On the other hand, the administration of a second booster significantly enhanced antibody neutralization capacity against these subvariants. It is likely that, as new SARS-CoV-2 subvariants continue to emerge, additional immunizations will be needed over time.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1371695/fullSARS-CoV-2vaccinationboosteromicronvariantsantibody neutralization |
| spellingShingle | Guilherme R. F. Campos Nathalie Bonatti Franco Almeida Priscilla Soares Filgueiras Camila Amormino Corsini Sarah Vieira Contin Gomes Daniel Alvim Pena de Miranda Jéssica Vieira de Assis Thaís Bárbara de Souza Silva Pedro Augusto Alves Gabriel da Rocha Fernandes Jaquelline Germano de Oliveira Paula Rahal Rafaella Fortini Queiroz Grenfell Rafaella Fortini Queiroz Grenfell Maurício L. Nogueira Maurício L. Nogueira Maurício L. Nogueira Second booster dose improves antibody neutralization against BA.1, BA.5 and BQ.1.1 in individuals previously immunized with CoronaVac plus BNT162B2 booster protocol Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology SARS-CoV-2 vaccination booster omicron variants antibody neutralization |
| title | Second booster dose improves antibody neutralization against BA.1, BA.5 and BQ.1.1 in individuals previously immunized with CoronaVac plus BNT162B2 booster protocol |
| title_full | Second booster dose improves antibody neutralization against BA.1, BA.5 and BQ.1.1 in individuals previously immunized with CoronaVac plus BNT162B2 booster protocol |
| title_fullStr | Second booster dose improves antibody neutralization against BA.1, BA.5 and BQ.1.1 in individuals previously immunized with CoronaVac plus BNT162B2 booster protocol |
| title_full_unstemmed | Second booster dose improves antibody neutralization against BA.1, BA.5 and BQ.1.1 in individuals previously immunized with CoronaVac plus BNT162B2 booster protocol |
| title_short | Second booster dose improves antibody neutralization against BA.1, BA.5 and BQ.1.1 in individuals previously immunized with CoronaVac plus BNT162B2 booster protocol |
| title_sort | second booster dose improves antibody neutralization against ba 1 ba 5 and bq 1 1 in individuals previously immunized with coronavac plus bnt162b2 booster protocol |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 vaccination booster omicron variants antibody neutralization |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1371695/full |
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