Comparative Genomic Analysis of <i>SAUR</i> Gene Family, Cloning and Functional Characterization of Two Genes (<i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i>) in <i>Pyrus bretschneideri</i>
The <i>SAUR</i> (small auxin-up RNA) gene family is the biggest family of early auxin response genes in higher plants and has been associated with the control of a variety of biological processes. Although <i>SAUR</i> genes had been identified in several genomes, no systemati...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/13/7054 |
| _version_ | 1797479803613347840 |
|---|---|
| author | Mengna Wang Muhammad Aamir Manzoor Xinya Wang Xiaofeng Feng Yu Zhao Jinling He Yongping Cai |
| author_facet | Mengna Wang Muhammad Aamir Manzoor Xinya Wang Xiaofeng Feng Yu Zhao Jinling He Yongping Cai |
| author_sort | Mengna Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The <i>SAUR</i> (small auxin-up RNA) gene family is the biggest family of early auxin response genes in higher plants and has been associated with the control of a variety of biological processes. Although <i>SAUR</i> genes had been identified in several genomes, no systematic analysis of the <i>SAUR</i> gene family has been reported in Chinese white pear. In this study, comparative and systematic genomic analysis has been performed in the <i>SAUR</i> gene family and identified a total of 116 genes from the Chinese white pear. A phylogeny analysis revealed that the <i>SAUR</i> family could be classified into four groups. Further analysis of gene structure (introns/exons) and conserved motifs showed that they are diverse functions and <i>SAUR</i>-specific domains. The most frequent mechanisms are whole-genome duplication (WGD) and dispersed duplication (DSD), both of which may be important in the growth of the <i>SAUR</i> gene family in Chinese white pear. Moreover, cis-acting elements of the <i>PbrSAUR</i> genes were found in promoter regions associated with the auxin-responsive elements that existed in most of the upstream sequences. Remarkably, the qRT-PCR and transcriptomic data indicated that <i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i> were significantly expressed in fruit ripening. Subsequently, subcellular localization experiments revealed that <i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i> were localized in the nucleus. Moreover, <i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i> were screened for functional verification, and Dangshan pear and frandi strawberry were transiently transformed. Finally, the effects of these two genes on stone cells and lignin were analyzed by phloroglucinol staining, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, and qRT-PCR. It was found that <i>PbrSAUR13</i> promoted the synthesis and accumulation of stone cells and lignin, <i>PbrSAUR52</i> inhibited the synthesis and accumulation of stone cells and lignin. In conclusion, these results indicate that <i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i> are predominantly responsible for lignin inhibit synthesis, which provides a basic mechanism for further study of <i>PbrSAUR</i> gene functions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:51:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c909f6fdb0c47a4a2e505cbb0662bc5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:51:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c909f6fdb0c47a4a2e505cbb0662bc52023-11-23T20:07:11ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-06-012313705410.3390/ijms23137054Comparative Genomic Analysis of <i>SAUR</i> Gene Family, Cloning and Functional Characterization of Two Genes (<i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i>) in <i>Pyrus bretschneideri</i>Mengna Wang0Muhammad Aamir Manzoor1Xinya Wang2Xiaofeng Feng3Yu Zhao4Jinling He5Yongping Cai6School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaThe <i>SAUR</i> (small auxin-up RNA) gene family is the biggest family of early auxin response genes in higher plants and has been associated with the control of a variety of biological processes. Although <i>SAUR</i> genes had been identified in several genomes, no systematic analysis of the <i>SAUR</i> gene family has been reported in Chinese white pear. In this study, comparative and systematic genomic analysis has been performed in the <i>SAUR</i> gene family and identified a total of 116 genes from the Chinese white pear. A phylogeny analysis revealed that the <i>SAUR</i> family could be classified into four groups. Further analysis of gene structure (introns/exons) and conserved motifs showed that they are diverse functions and <i>SAUR</i>-specific domains. The most frequent mechanisms are whole-genome duplication (WGD) and dispersed duplication (DSD), both of which may be important in the growth of the <i>SAUR</i> gene family in Chinese white pear. Moreover, cis-acting elements of the <i>PbrSAUR</i> genes were found in promoter regions associated with the auxin-responsive elements that existed in most of the upstream sequences. Remarkably, the qRT-PCR and transcriptomic data indicated that <i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i> were significantly expressed in fruit ripening. Subsequently, subcellular localization experiments revealed that <i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i> were localized in the nucleus. Moreover, <i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i> were screened for functional verification, and Dangshan pear and frandi strawberry were transiently transformed. Finally, the effects of these two genes on stone cells and lignin were analyzed by phloroglucinol staining, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, and qRT-PCR. It was found that <i>PbrSAUR13</i> promoted the synthesis and accumulation of stone cells and lignin, <i>PbrSAUR52</i> inhibited the synthesis and accumulation of stone cells and lignin. In conclusion, these results indicate that <i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i> are predominantly responsible for lignin inhibit synthesis, which provides a basic mechanism for further study of <i>PbrSAUR</i> gene functions.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/13/7054<i>SAUR</i> geneDangshan pearstone celllignin synthesis |
| spellingShingle | Mengna Wang Muhammad Aamir Manzoor Xinya Wang Xiaofeng Feng Yu Zhao Jinling He Yongping Cai Comparative Genomic Analysis of <i>SAUR</i> Gene Family, Cloning and Functional Characterization of Two Genes (<i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i>) in <i>Pyrus bretschneideri</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>SAUR</i> gene Dangshan pear stone cell lignin synthesis |
| title | Comparative Genomic Analysis of <i>SAUR</i> Gene Family, Cloning and Functional Characterization of Two Genes (<i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i>) in <i>Pyrus bretschneideri</i> |
| title_full | Comparative Genomic Analysis of <i>SAUR</i> Gene Family, Cloning and Functional Characterization of Two Genes (<i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i>) in <i>Pyrus bretschneideri</i> |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Genomic Analysis of <i>SAUR</i> Gene Family, Cloning and Functional Characterization of Two Genes (<i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i>) in <i>Pyrus bretschneideri</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Genomic Analysis of <i>SAUR</i> Gene Family, Cloning and Functional Characterization of Two Genes (<i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i>) in <i>Pyrus bretschneideri</i> |
| title_short | Comparative Genomic Analysis of <i>SAUR</i> Gene Family, Cloning and Functional Characterization of Two Genes (<i>PbrSAUR13</i> and <i>PbrSAUR52</i>) in <i>Pyrus bretschneideri</i> |
| title_sort | comparative genomic analysis of i saur i gene family cloning and functional characterization of two genes i pbrsaur13 i and i pbrsaur52 i in i pyrus bretschneideri i |
| topic | <i>SAUR</i> gene Dangshan pear stone cell lignin synthesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/13/7054 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mengnawang comparativegenomicanalysisofisaurigenefamilycloningandfunctionalcharacterizationoftwogenesipbrsaur13iandipbrsaur52iinipyrusbretschneiderii AT muhammadaamirmanzoor comparativegenomicanalysisofisaurigenefamilycloningandfunctionalcharacterizationoftwogenesipbrsaur13iandipbrsaur52iinipyrusbretschneiderii AT xinyawang comparativegenomicanalysisofisaurigenefamilycloningandfunctionalcharacterizationoftwogenesipbrsaur13iandipbrsaur52iinipyrusbretschneiderii AT xiaofengfeng comparativegenomicanalysisofisaurigenefamilycloningandfunctionalcharacterizationoftwogenesipbrsaur13iandipbrsaur52iinipyrusbretschneiderii AT yuzhao comparativegenomicanalysisofisaurigenefamilycloningandfunctionalcharacterizationoftwogenesipbrsaur13iandipbrsaur52iinipyrusbretschneiderii AT jinlinghe comparativegenomicanalysisofisaurigenefamilycloningandfunctionalcharacterizationoftwogenesipbrsaur13iandipbrsaur52iinipyrusbretschneiderii AT yongpingcai comparativegenomicanalysisofisaurigenefamilycloningandfunctionalcharacterizationoftwogenesipbrsaur13iandipbrsaur52iinipyrusbretschneiderii |