RiTiCE: River Flow Timing Characteristics and Extremes in the Arctic Region
(1) Background: river ice has a significant impact on nearly 66% of rivers in the Northern Hemisphere. Ice builds up during winter when the flow gradually reduces to its lowest level before the spring melt is initiated. Ice-induced floods can happen quickly, posing a risk to infrastructure, hydropow...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/5/861 |
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| author | Abolfazl Jalali Shahrood Amirhossein Ahrari Pekka M. Rossi Björn Klöve Ali Torabi Haghighi |
| author_facet | Abolfazl Jalali Shahrood Amirhossein Ahrari Pekka M. Rossi Björn Klöve Ali Torabi Haghighi |
| author_sort | Abolfazl Jalali Shahrood |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: river ice has a significant impact on nearly 66% of rivers in the Northern Hemisphere. Ice builds up during winter when the flow gradually reduces to its lowest level before the spring melt is initiated. Ice-induced floods can happen quickly, posing a risk to infrastructure, hydropower generation, and public safety, in addition to ecological repercussions from the scouring and erosion of the riverbeds. (2) Methods: we used the annual daily hydrograph to develop a RiTiCE tool that detects the break-up date and develops indices to analyze timing characteristics of extreme flow in the Tana and Tornio Rivers. (3) Results: the study showed that low-flow periods in two rivers had a significant trend with a confidence level of 95%. Additionally, it was observed that the occurrence date of seasonal 90-day low- and high-flow periods occurred earlier in recent years. Conversely, the Tana River showed a negative trend in its annual minimum flow over the century, which is the opposite of what happened with the Tornio River. (4) Conclusions: the method can be used to detect the date when the river ice breaks up in a given year, leading to a better understanding of the river ice phenomenon. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:06:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9c922b4ba0db4bc8adf575a8fb4073c0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:06:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-9c922b4ba0db4bc8adf575a8fb4073c02023-11-17T08:54:02ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-02-0115586110.3390/w15050861RiTiCE: River Flow Timing Characteristics and Extremes in the Arctic RegionAbolfazl Jalali Shahrood0Amirhossein Ahrari1Pekka M. Rossi2Björn Klöve3Ali Torabi Haghighi4Water, Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000 Oulu, FinlandWater, Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000 Oulu, FinlandWater, Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000 Oulu, FinlandWater, Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000 Oulu, FinlandWater, Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000 Oulu, Finland(1) Background: river ice has a significant impact on nearly 66% of rivers in the Northern Hemisphere. Ice builds up during winter when the flow gradually reduces to its lowest level before the spring melt is initiated. Ice-induced floods can happen quickly, posing a risk to infrastructure, hydropower generation, and public safety, in addition to ecological repercussions from the scouring and erosion of the riverbeds. (2) Methods: we used the annual daily hydrograph to develop a RiTiCE tool that detects the break-up date and develops indices to analyze timing characteristics of extreme flow in the Tana and Tornio Rivers. (3) Results: the study showed that low-flow periods in two rivers had a significant trend with a confidence level of 95%. Additionally, it was observed that the occurrence date of seasonal 90-day low- and high-flow periods occurred earlier in recent years. Conversely, the Tana River showed a negative trend in its annual minimum flow over the century, which is the opposite of what happened with the Tornio River. (4) Conclusions: the method can be used to detect the date when the river ice breaks up in a given year, leading to a better understanding of the river ice phenomenon.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/5/861river ice break-upice processesriver flowflow timingarctic region |
| spellingShingle | Abolfazl Jalali Shahrood Amirhossein Ahrari Pekka M. Rossi Björn Klöve Ali Torabi Haghighi RiTiCE: River Flow Timing Characteristics and Extremes in the Arctic Region Water river ice break-up ice processes river flow flow timing arctic region |
| title | RiTiCE: River Flow Timing Characteristics and Extremes in the Arctic Region |
| title_full | RiTiCE: River Flow Timing Characteristics and Extremes in the Arctic Region |
| title_fullStr | RiTiCE: River Flow Timing Characteristics and Extremes in the Arctic Region |
| title_full_unstemmed | RiTiCE: River Flow Timing Characteristics and Extremes in the Arctic Region |
| title_short | RiTiCE: River Flow Timing Characteristics and Extremes in the Arctic Region |
| title_sort | ritice river flow timing characteristics and extremes in the arctic region |
| topic | river ice break-up ice processes river flow flow timing arctic region |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/5/861 |
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