Abscisic Acid Priming Creates Alkaline Tolerance in Alfalfa Seedlings (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.)
Soil alkalization triggers ion toxicity and osmotic and alkaline (high pH) stresses in plants, damaging their growth and productivity. Therefore, we investigated whether priming with abscisic acid (ABA) increases the tolerance of alfalfa seedlings to alkaline stress, and then examined the underlying...
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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author | Tian-Jiao Wei Ming-Ming Wang Yang-Yang Jin Guo-Hui Zhang Miao Liu Hao-Yu Yang Chang-Jie Jiang Zheng-Wei Liang |
author_facet | Tian-Jiao Wei Ming-Ming Wang Yang-Yang Jin Guo-Hui Zhang Miao Liu Hao-Yu Yang Chang-Jie Jiang Zheng-Wei Liang |
author_sort | Tian-Jiao Wei |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Soil alkalization triggers ion toxicity and osmotic and alkaline (high pH) stresses in plants, damaging their growth and productivity. Therefore, we investigated whether priming with abscisic acid (ABA) increases the tolerance of alfalfa seedlings to alkaline stress, and then examined the underlying molecular mechanisms. Alfalfa seedlings were pretreated with ABA (10 μM) for 16 h and then subjected to alkaline stress using a 15 mM Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> solution (pH 10.87). Compared with the control, ABA pretreatment significantly alleviated leaf damage and improved the fresh weight, water content, and survival rate of alfalfa seedlings under alkaline conditions. Abscisic acid pretreatment reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), maintained higher ratios of K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup>, and increased accumulation of proline. In addition, ABA upregulated the expression of genes involved in proline biosynthesis (<i>P5CS</i>) and the sequestration of Na<sup>+</sup> in vacuoles (<i>NHX1</i> and <i>AVP</i>) under alkaline conditions. Abscisic acid priming increased tolerance to alkaline stress by maintaining homeostasis of ROS and metal ions and upregulating osmoprotection and the expression of stress tolerance-related genes. |
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spelling | doaj.art-9c929cc453114d44bafec4b20fe24f132023-11-22T02:15:19ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722021-06-0111760810.3390/agriculture11070608Abscisic Acid Priming Creates Alkaline Tolerance in Alfalfa Seedlings (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.)Tian-Jiao Wei0Ming-Ming Wang1Yang-Yang Jin2Guo-Hui Zhang3Miao Liu4Hao-Yu Yang5Chang-Jie Jiang6Zheng-Wei Liang7Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaInstitute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba 305-8642, JapanNortheast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaSoil alkalization triggers ion toxicity and osmotic and alkaline (high pH) stresses in plants, damaging their growth and productivity. Therefore, we investigated whether priming with abscisic acid (ABA) increases the tolerance of alfalfa seedlings to alkaline stress, and then examined the underlying molecular mechanisms. Alfalfa seedlings were pretreated with ABA (10 μM) for 16 h and then subjected to alkaline stress using a 15 mM Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> solution (pH 10.87). Compared with the control, ABA pretreatment significantly alleviated leaf damage and improved the fresh weight, water content, and survival rate of alfalfa seedlings under alkaline conditions. Abscisic acid pretreatment reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), maintained higher ratios of K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup>, and increased accumulation of proline. In addition, ABA upregulated the expression of genes involved in proline biosynthesis (<i>P5CS</i>) and the sequestration of Na<sup>+</sup> in vacuoles (<i>NHX1</i> and <i>AVP</i>) under alkaline conditions. Abscisic acid priming increased tolerance to alkaline stress by maintaining homeostasis of ROS and metal ions and upregulating osmoprotection and the expression of stress tolerance-related genes.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/7/608abscisic acid primingalkaline stressreactive oxygen speciesion homeostasisstress tolerance-related genesalfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) |
spellingShingle | Tian-Jiao Wei Ming-Ming Wang Yang-Yang Jin Guo-Hui Zhang Miao Liu Hao-Yu Yang Chang-Jie Jiang Zheng-Wei Liang Abscisic Acid Priming Creates Alkaline Tolerance in Alfalfa Seedlings (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) Agriculture abscisic acid priming alkaline stress reactive oxygen species ion homeostasis stress tolerance-related genes alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) |
title | Abscisic Acid Priming Creates Alkaline Tolerance in Alfalfa Seedlings (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) |
title_full | Abscisic Acid Priming Creates Alkaline Tolerance in Alfalfa Seedlings (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) |
title_fullStr | Abscisic Acid Priming Creates Alkaline Tolerance in Alfalfa Seedlings (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) |
title_full_unstemmed | Abscisic Acid Priming Creates Alkaline Tolerance in Alfalfa Seedlings (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) |
title_short | Abscisic Acid Priming Creates Alkaline Tolerance in Alfalfa Seedlings (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) |
title_sort | abscisic acid priming creates alkaline tolerance in alfalfa seedlings i medicago sativa i l |
topic | abscisic acid priming alkaline stress reactive oxygen species ion homeostasis stress tolerance-related genes alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/7/608 |
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