Human-in-Loop Decision-Making and Autonomy: Lessons Learnt from the Aviation Industry Transferred to Cyber-Physical Systems
In this study, we reviewed aircraft accidents in order to understand how autonomy and safety has been managed in the aviation industry, with the aim of transferring our findings to autonomous cyber-physical systems (CPSs) in general. Through the qualitative analysis of 26 reports of aircraft acciden...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Technologies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7080/10/6/120 |
| _version_ | 1797455114849484800 |
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| author | Chara Makri Didem Gürdür Broo Andy Neely |
| author_facet | Chara Makri Didem Gürdür Broo Andy Neely |
| author_sort | Chara Makri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we reviewed aircraft accidents in order to understand how autonomy and safety has been managed in the aviation industry, with the aim of transferring our findings to autonomous cyber-physical systems (CPSs) in general. Through the qualitative analysis of 26 reports of aircraft accidents that took place from 2016 to 2022, we identified the most common contributing factors and the actors involved in aircraft accidents. We found that accidents were rarely the result of a single event or actor, with the most common contributing factor being non-adherence to standard operating procedures (SOPs). Considering that the aviation industry has had decades to perfect their SOPs, it is important for CPSs not only to consider the actors and causes that may contribute to safety-related issues, but also to consider well-defined reporting practices, as well as the different levels of mechanisms checked by diverse stakeholders, in order to minimise the cascading nature of such events to improve safety. In addition to proposing a new definition of safety, in this study we suggest reviewing high-reliability organisations to offer further insights as part of future research on CPS safety. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:47:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9cb2280803fe42ccb91fa1c4cfa15fc1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-7080 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:47:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Technologies |
| spelling | doaj.art-9cb2280803fe42ccb91fa1c4cfa15fc12023-11-24T18:23:05ZengMDPI AGTechnologies2227-70802022-11-0110612010.3390/technologies10060120Human-in-Loop Decision-Making and Autonomy: Lessons Learnt from the Aviation Industry Transferred to Cyber-Physical SystemsChara Makri0Didem Gürdür Broo1Andy Neely2Centre for Digital Built Britain, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UKCenter for Design Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAInstitute for Manufacturing, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UKIn this study, we reviewed aircraft accidents in order to understand how autonomy and safety has been managed in the aviation industry, with the aim of transferring our findings to autonomous cyber-physical systems (CPSs) in general. Through the qualitative analysis of 26 reports of aircraft accidents that took place from 2016 to 2022, we identified the most common contributing factors and the actors involved in aircraft accidents. We found that accidents were rarely the result of a single event or actor, with the most common contributing factor being non-adherence to standard operating procedures (SOPs). Considering that the aviation industry has had decades to perfect their SOPs, it is important for CPSs not only to consider the actors and causes that may contribute to safety-related issues, but also to consider well-defined reporting practices, as well as the different levels of mechanisms checked by diverse stakeholders, in order to minimise the cascading nature of such events to improve safety. In addition to proposing a new definition of safety, in this study we suggest reviewing high-reliability organisations to offer further insights as part of future research on CPS safety.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7080/10/6/120cyber-physical systemshuman-in-loop decision-makingautonomyaccountabilitythrough-life accountabilitysafety |
| spellingShingle | Chara Makri Didem Gürdür Broo Andy Neely Human-in-Loop Decision-Making and Autonomy: Lessons Learnt from the Aviation Industry Transferred to Cyber-Physical Systems Technologies cyber-physical systems human-in-loop decision-making autonomy accountability through-life accountability safety |
| title | Human-in-Loop Decision-Making and Autonomy: Lessons Learnt from the Aviation Industry Transferred to Cyber-Physical Systems |
| title_full | Human-in-Loop Decision-Making and Autonomy: Lessons Learnt from the Aviation Industry Transferred to Cyber-Physical Systems |
| title_fullStr | Human-in-Loop Decision-Making and Autonomy: Lessons Learnt from the Aviation Industry Transferred to Cyber-Physical Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human-in-Loop Decision-Making and Autonomy: Lessons Learnt from the Aviation Industry Transferred to Cyber-Physical Systems |
| title_short | Human-in-Loop Decision-Making and Autonomy: Lessons Learnt from the Aviation Industry Transferred to Cyber-Physical Systems |
| title_sort | human in loop decision making and autonomy lessons learnt from the aviation industry transferred to cyber physical systems |
| topic | cyber-physical systems human-in-loop decision-making autonomy accountability through-life accountability safety |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7080/10/6/120 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT charamakri humaninloopdecisionmakingandautonomylessonslearntfromtheaviationindustrytransferredtocyberphysicalsystems AT didemgurdurbroo humaninloopdecisionmakingandautonomylessonslearntfromtheaviationindustrytransferredtocyberphysicalsystems AT andyneely humaninloopdecisionmakingandautonomylessonslearntfromtheaviationindustrytransferredtocyberphysicalsystems |