Efficient photocatalysis of Cu doped TiO2/g-C3N4 for the photodegradation of methylene blue
The release of dyes into normal water reservoirs has become a tremendous environmental problem and the development of methods to remove such dyes is essential. A novel photocatalyst was fabricated in which Cu doped to TiO2 was coupled with g-C3N4 (Cu-TiO2/g-C3N4) in different weight percentages as 1...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535223002113 |
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| author | Heshan Liyanaarachchi Charitha Thambiliyagodage Chamika Liyanaarachchi Upeka Samarakoon |
| author_facet | Heshan Liyanaarachchi Charitha Thambiliyagodage Chamika Liyanaarachchi Upeka Samarakoon |
| author_sort | Heshan Liyanaarachchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The release of dyes into normal water reservoirs has become a tremendous environmental problem and the development of methods to remove such dyes is essential. A novel photocatalyst was fabricated in which Cu doped to TiO2 was coupled with g-C3N4 (Cu-TiO2/g-C3N4) in different weight percentages as 10, 30 and 50%, hydrothermally. Pure TiO2 consisted of both Anatase and Rutile phases where slight lattice distortions were observed in the Cu-doped TiO2 as evidenced by the XRD and Raman analysis. Cu was present at 1.7% by weight respective to TiO2 according to the XRF analysis. Spherical and irregularly shaped aggregated Cu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles in the range of 15–55 nm were heterogeneously distributed on the g-C3N4 matrix as observed by TEM and SEM. The band gap of TiO2 (3.0 eV) was reduced to 2.67 upon doping with Cu. The band gap of g-C3N4 was found to be 2.81 eV and that of Cu-TiO2/g-C3N4 in different weight percentages were in the range of 2.82 to 2.88 eV. Synthesized photocatalysts were tested on the ability to degrade methylene blue under UV and Visible light. Cu-TiO2/50% g-C3N4 showed the highest rate constant (4.4 × 10-3 min−1) which is 5 and 9.8 times greater than TiO2 and g-C3N4, respectively. The rate constant decreased with the introduction of EDTA and Isopropyl alcohol as they scavenge holes and hydroxyl radicals, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of all the nanomaterials increased with the increasing concentration of persulfate due to the increasing concentration of SO4●- and OH● produced. Synthesized nanomaterials effectively adsorb methylene blue under dark conditions following the pseudo-second-order kinetics suggesting that methylene blue molecules were chemisorbed to the adsorbents. The adsorption rate constant resulting in the best-performing photocatalyst was 0.122 g mg−1 min−1. Hence, it is evident that Cu-TiO2/g-C3N4 can effectively degrade methylene blue. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:54:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9cb2badd5d4e4fc8a538ccbedc69bb80 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-5352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:54:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-9cb2badd5d4e4fc8a538ccbedc69bb802023-04-15T05:52:06ZengElsevierArabian Journal of Chemistry1878-53522023-06-01166104749Efficient photocatalysis of Cu doped TiO2/g-C3N4 for the photodegradation of methylene blueHeshan Liyanaarachchi0Charitha Thambiliyagodage1Chamika Liyanaarachchi2Upeka Samarakoon3Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, New Kandy Road, Malabe, Sri LankaFaculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, New Kandy Road, Malabe, Sri Lanka; Corresponding author.Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, New Kandy Road, Malabe, Sri LankaDepartment of Nano Science Technology, Faculty of Technology, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, Sri LankaThe release of dyes into normal water reservoirs has become a tremendous environmental problem and the development of methods to remove such dyes is essential. A novel photocatalyst was fabricated in which Cu doped to TiO2 was coupled with g-C3N4 (Cu-TiO2/g-C3N4) in different weight percentages as 10, 30 and 50%, hydrothermally. Pure TiO2 consisted of both Anatase and Rutile phases where slight lattice distortions were observed in the Cu-doped TiO2 as evidenced by the XRD and Raman analysis. Cu was present at 1.7% by weight respective to TiO2 according to the XRF analysis. Spherical and irregularly shaped aggregated Cu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles in the range of 15–55 nm were heterogeneously distributed on the g-C3N4 matrix as observed by TEM and SEM. The band gap of TiO2 (3.0 eV) was reduced to 2.67 upon doping with Cu. The band gap of g-C3N4 was found to be 2.81 eV and that of Cu-TiO2/g-C3N4 in different weight percentages were in the range of 2.82 to 2.88 eV. Synthesized photocatalysts were tested on the ability to degrade methylene blue under UV and Visible light. Cu-TiO2/50% g-C3N4 showed the highest rate constant (4.4 × 10-3 min−1) which is 5 and 9.8 times greater than TiO2 and g-C3N4, respectively. The rate constant decreased with the introduction of EDTA and Isopropyl alcohol as they scavenge holes and hydroxyl radicals, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of all the nanomaterials increased with the increasing concentration of persulfate due to the increasing concentration of SO4●- and OH● produced. Synthesized nanomaterials effectively adsorb methylene blue under dark conditions following the pseudo-second-order kinetics suggesting that methylene blue molecules were chemisorbed to the adsorbents. The adsorption rate constant resulting in the best-performing photocatalyst was 0.122 g mg−1 min−1. Hence, it is evident that Cu-TiO2/g-C3N4 can effectively degrade methylene blue.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535223002113Cu doped TiO2g-C3N4Methylene bluePhotodegradationUVVisible |
| spellingShingle | Heshan Liyanaarachchi Charitha Thambiliyagodage Chamika Liyanaarachchi Upeka Samarakoon Efficient photocatalysis of Cu doped TiO2/g-C3N4 for the photodegradation of methylene blue Arabian Journal of Chemistry Cu doped TiO2 g-C3N4 Methylene blue Photodegradation UV Visible |
| title | Efficient photocatalysis of Cu doped TiO2/g-C3N4 for the photodegradation of methylene blue |
| title_full | Efficient photocatalysis of Cu doped TiO2/g-C3N4 for the photodegradation of methylene blue |
| title_fullStr | Efficient photocatalysis of Cu doped TiO2/g-C3N4 for the photodegradation of methylene blue |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficient photocatalysis of Cu doped TiO2/g-C3N4 for the photodegradation of methylene blue |
| title_short | Efficient photocatalysis of Cu doped TiO2/g-C3N4 for the photodegradation of methylene blue |
| title_sort | efficient photocatalysis of cu doped tio2 g c3n4 for the photodegradation of methylene blue |
| topic | Cu doped TiO2 g-C3N4 Methylene blue Photodegradation UV Visible |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535223002113 |
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