Neural Net Classification Combined With Movement Analysis to Evaluate Setaria viridis as a Model System for Time of Day of Anther Appearance
In many plant species, the time of day at which flowers open to permit pollination is tightly regulated. Proper time of flower opening, or Time of Day of Anther Appearance (TAA), may coordinate flowering opening with pollinator activity or may shift temperature sensitive developmental processes to c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01585/full |
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| author | Jigar S. Desai Erin Slabaugh Donna J. Liebelt Jacob D. Fredenberg Benjamin N. Gray S. V. Krishna Jagadish Olivia Wilkins Colleen J. Doherty |
| author_facet | Jigar S. Desai Erin Slabaugh Donna J. Liebelt Jacob D. Fredenberg Benjamin N. Gray S. V. Krishna Jagadish Olivia Wilkins Colleen J. Doherty |
| author_sort | Jigar S. Desai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In many plant species, the time of day at which flowers open to permit pollination is tightly regulated. Proper time of flower opening, or Time of Day of Anther Appearance (TAA), may coordinate flowering opening with pollinator activity or may shift temperature sensitive developmental processes to cooler times of the day. The genetic mechanisms that regulate the timing of this process in cereal crops are unknown. To address this knowledge gap, it is necessary to establish a monocot model system that exhibits variation in TAA. Here, we examine the suitability of Setaria viridis, the model for C4 photosynthesis, for such a role. We developed an imaging system to monitor the temporal regulation of growth, flower opening time, and other physiological characteristics in Setaria. This system enabled us to compare Setaria varieties Ames 32254, Ames 32276, and PI 669942 variation in growth and daily flower opening time. We observed that TAA occurs primarily at night in these three Setaria accessions. However, significant variation between the accessions was observed for both the ratio of flowers that open in the day vs. night and the specific time of day where the rate is maximal. Characterizing this physiological variation is a requisite step toward uncovering the molecular mechanisms regulating TAA. Leveraging the regulation of TAA could provide researchers with a genetic tool to improve crop productivity in new environments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T23:01:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9cb9fdc057b342f0b991fde4d1630f41 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T23:01:16Z |
| publishDate | 2018-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-9cb9fdc057b342f0b991fde4d1630f412022-12-21T19:23:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2018-10-01910.3389/fpls.2018.01585361693Neural Net Classification Combined With Movement Analysis to Evaluate Setaria viridis as a Model System for Time of Day of Anther AppearanceJigar S. Desai0Erin Slabaugh1Donna J. Liebelt2Jacob D. Fredenberg3Benjamin N. Gray4S. V. Krishna Jagadish5Olivia Wilkins6Colleen J. Doherty7Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United StatesDepartment of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United StatesDepartment of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United StatesDepartment of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United StatesBenson Hill Biosystems, Inc., Saint Louis, MO, United StatesDepartment of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United StatesDepartment of Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, CanadaDepartment of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United StatesIn many plant species, the time of day at which flowers open to permit pollination is tightly regulated. Proper time of flower opening, or Time of Day of Anther Appearance (TAA), may coordinate flowering opening with pollinator activity or may shift temperature sensitive developmental processes to cooler times of the day. The genetic mechanisms that regulate the timing of this process in cereal crops are unknown. To address this knowledge gap, it is necessary to establish a monocot model system that exhibits variation in TAA. Here, we examine the suitability of Setaria viridis, the model for C4 photosynthesis, for such a role. We developed an imaging system to monitor the temporal regulation of growth, flower opening time, and other physiological characteristics in Setaria. This system enabled us to compare Setaria varieties Ames 32254, Ames 32276, and PI 669942 variation in growth and daily flower opening time. We observed that TAA occurs primarily at night in these three Setaria accessions. However, significant variation between the accessions was observed for both the ratio of flowers that open in the day vs. night and the specific time of day where the rate is maximal. Characterizing this physiological variation is a requisite step toward uncovering the molecular mechanisms regulating TAA. Leveraging the regulation of TAA could provide researchers with a genetic tool to improve crop productivity in new environments.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01585/fullflower opening timespikelet opening timetiming of anthesissetariadevelopmental stageimage analysis of plants |
| spellingShingle | Jigar S. Desai Erin Slabaugh Donna J. Liebelt Jacob D. Fredenberg Benjamin N. Gray S. V. Krishna Jagadish Olivia Wilkins Colleen J. Doherty Neural Net Classification Combined With Movement Analysis to Evaluate Setaria viridis as a Model System for Time of Day of Anther Appearance Frontiers in Plant Science flower opening time spikelet opening time timing of anthesis setaria developmental stage image analysis of plants |
| title | Neural Net Classification Combined With Movement Analysis to Evaluate Setaria viridis as a Model System for Time of Day of Anther Appearance |
| title_full | Neural Net Classification Combined With Movement Analysis to Evaluate Setaria viridis as a Model System for Time of Day of Anther Appearance |
| title_fullStr | Neural Net Classification Combined With Movement Analysis to Evaluate Setaria viridis as a Model System for Time of Day of Anther Appearance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neural Net Classification Combined With Movement Analysis to Evaluate Setaria viridis as a Model System for Time of Day of Anther Appearance |
| title_short | Neural Net Classification Combined With Movement Analysis to Evaluate Setaria viridis as a Model System for Time of Day of Anther Appearance |
| title_sort | neural net classification combined with movement analysis to evaluate setaria viridis as a model system for time of day of anther appearance |
| topic | flower opening time spikelet opening time timing of anthesis setaria developmental stage image analysis of plants |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01585/full |
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