| Summary: | Many opportunistic pathogenic bacteria use the Quorum Sensing (QS)
system to coordinate their virulence expressions. Thus, QS can likely be a new
approach to control bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate
the antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and anti-quorum sensing activities of
ethanol, chloroform, and dichloromethane: methanol extracts of leaf, stem, and
fruits of the European mistletoe Viscum
album L. on 2 Gram-positive and 7 Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. The extracts
at concentrations ranging from 50 to 250mg/ml were tested depending on the
extracts of the plant parts and the test bacteria. The extract with 50mg/ml
concentration, in which no antimicrobial activity was observed, was used for
anti-quorum sensing and antibiofilm studies. The dichloromethane: methanol
extracts were found to show the highest biological activities. QS activities of the plant
extracts were also determined using the recently established Chromobacterium
violaceum CV026 reporter strain and the signaling molecule N-(ß-ketocaproyl)-L-homoserine lactone
(3-oxo-C6-HSL) agar well diffusion assay. Biofilm was
quantified using the microtiter plate test and the crystal violet assay.
Anti-microbial, anti-biofilm, and anti-quorum sensing activity of leaf
and stem extracts showed higher efficiency than fruit extracts. It was concluded that
the extracts of V. album had the
potential to treat microbial infections by biofilm inhibition or inhibition of
QS.
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