Performance of a Prototype Boom Sprayer for Bed-Grown Carrots Based on Canopy Deposition Optimization, Ground Losses and Spray Drift Potential Mitigation in Semi-Field Conditions
The H2020-project OPTIMA concept of smart sprayer relies on several functionalities, including variable nozzle spacing for bed-grown carrots, based on an air-assisted boom sprayer. A prototype boom was designed and evaluated though canopy deposition, ground losses, and spray drift potential. Four be...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/9/4462 |
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| author | Aude Lamare Ingrid Zwertvaegher David Nuyttens Paolo Balsari Paolo Marucco Marco Grella Amedeo Caffini Nikos Mylonas Spyros Fountas Jean-Paul Douzals |
| author_facet | Aude Lamare Ingrid Zwertvaegher David Nuyttens Paolo Balsari Paolo Marucco Marco Grella Amedeo Caffini Nikos Mylonas Spyros Fountas Jean-Paul Douzals |
| author_sort | Aude Lamare |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The H2020-project OPTIMA concept of smart sprayer relies on several functionalities, including variable nozzle spacing for bed-grown carrots, based on an air-assisted boom sprayer. A prototype boom was designed and evaluated though canopy deposition, ground losses, and spray drift potential. Four bed spray configurations, including various nozzle types, angles, and sizes (XR8004, combination of AIUB8504/AI11004, AI8004, and XR8002) at the most appropriate nozzle spacing and height, were tested and compared to a broadcast application (XR11004). Deposition measurements were performed on carrots in bins at early and full-grown stages with respective target zone width of 1.4 m and 2.2 m. Spray drift potential measurements were performed following ISO 22401, 2015. The spray boom was equipped with an air sleeve providing different air speeds (0, 4, 8 m s<sup>−1</sup>). The relative depositions at both growth stages showed a significant effect of spray configuration and lowest values were found for the broadcast application. The configurations consisting of air inclusion nozzles generated the lowest drift potential compared to the broadcast application, although not significantly different. Bed spray configurations can thus improve canopy depositions and spray drift potential compared to a conventional broadcast application when the boom height and the nozzle spacing are adjusted to the growth stage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:21:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9cd071419f6743b0a4ba0e39b8ec107e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:21:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9cd071419f6743b0a4ba0e39b8ec107e2023-11-23T07:49:20ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-04-01129446210.3390/app12094462Performance of a Prototype Boom Sprayer for Bed-Grown Carrots Based on Canopy Deposition Optimization, Ground Losses and Spray Drift Potential Mitigation in Semi-Field ConditionsAude Lamare0Ingrid Zwertvaegher1David Nuyttens2Paolo Balsari3Paolo Marucco4Marco Grella5Amedeo Caffini6Nikos Mylonas7Spyros Fountas8Jean-Paul Douzals9Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation, et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Montpellier, 34196 Montpellier, FranceFlanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), 9820 Merelbeke, BelgiumFlanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), 9820 Merelbeke, BelgiumDepartment of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyCaffini Spa, 37050 Palu, ItalyDepartment of Natural Resources Development and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), 11855 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Natural Resources Development and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), 11855 Athens, GreeceInstitut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation, et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Montpellier, 34196 Montpellier, FranceThe H2020-project OPTIMA concept of smart sprayer relies on several functionalities, including variable nozzle spacing for bed-grown carrots, based on an air-assisted boom sprayer. A prototype boom was designed and evaluated though canopy deposition, ground losses, and spray drift potential. Four bed spray configurations, including various nozzle types, angles, and sizes (XR8004, combination of AIUB8504/AI11004, AI8004, and XR8002) at the most appropriate nozzle spacing and height, were tested and compared to a broadcast application (XR11004). Deposition measurements were performed on carrots in bins at early and full-grown stages with respective target zone width of 1.4 m and 2.2 m. Spray drift potential measurements were performed following ISO 22401, 2015. The spray boom was equipped with an air sleeve providing different air speeds (0, 4, 8 m s<sup>−1</sup>). The relative depositions at both growth stages showed a significant effect of spray configuration and lowest values were found for the broadcast application. The configurations consisting of air inclusion nozzles generated the lowest drift potential compared to the broadcast application, although not significantly different. Bed spray configurations can thus improve canopy depositions and spray drift potential compared to a conventional broadcast application when the boom height and the nozzle spacing are adjusted to the growth stage.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/9/4462bed-grown cropair supportspray depositionspray drift potentialsmart sprayernozzle type |
| spellingShingle | Aude Lamare Ingrid Zwertvaegher David Nuyttens Paolo Balsari Paolo Marucco Marco Grella Amedeo Caffini Nikos Mylonas Spyros Fountas Jean-Paul Douzals Performance of a Prototype Boom Sprayer for Bed-Grown Carrots Based on Canopy Deposition Optimization, Ground Losses and Spray Drift Potential Mitigation in Semi-Field Conditions Applied Sciences bed-grown crop air support spray deposition spray drift potential smart sprayer nozzle type |
| title | Performance of a Prototype Boom Sprayer for Bed-Grown Carrots Based on Canopy Deposition Optimization, Ground Losses and Spray Drift Potential Mitigation in Semi-Field Conditions |
| title_full | Performance of a Prototype Boom Sprayer for Bed-Grown Carrots Based on Canopy Deposition Optimization, Ground Losses and Spray Drift Potential Mitigation in Semi-Field Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Performance of a Prototype Boom Sprayer for Bed-Grown Carrots Based on Canopy Deposition Optimization, Ground Losses and Spray Drift Potential Mitigation in Semi-Field Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance of a Prototype Boom Sprayer for Bed-Grown Carrots Based on Canopy Deposition Optimization, Ground Losses and Spray Drift Potential Mitigation in Semi-Field Conditions |
| title_short | Performance of a Prototype Boom Sprayer for Bed-Grown Carrots Based on Canopy Deposition Optimization, Ground Losses and Spray Drift Potential Mitigation in Semi-Field Conditions |
| title_sort | performance of a prototype boom sprayer for bed grown carrots based on canopy deposition optimization ground losses and spray drift potential mitigation in semi field conditions |
| topic | bed-grown crop air support spray deposition spray drift potential smart sprayer nozzle type |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/9/4462 |
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