Effects of Turmeric Powder on Aflatoxin M1 and Aflatoxicol Excretion in Milk from Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B1 at the EU Maximum Tolerable Levels
Due to the climatic change, an increase in aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) maize contamination has been reported in Europe. As an alternative to mineral binders, natural phytogenic compounds are increasingly used to counteract the negative effects of AFB1 in farm animals. In cows, even low dietary AFB1 concentr...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/7/430 |
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| author | Flavia Girolami Andrea Barbarossa Paola Badino Shiva Ghadiri Damiano Cavallini Anna Zaghini Carlo Nebbia |
| author_facet | Flavia Girolami Andrea Barbarossa Paola Badino Shiva Ghadiri Damiano Cavallini Anna Zaghini Carlo Nebbia |
| author_sort | Flavia Girolami |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to the climatic change, an increase in aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) maize contamination has been reported in Europe. As an alternative to mineral binders, natural phytogenic compounds are increasingly used to counteract the negative effects of AFB1 in farm animals. In cows, even low dietary AFB1 concentrations may result in the milk excretion of the genotoxic carcinogen metabolite aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). In this study, we tested the ability of dietary turmeric powder (TP), an extract from Curcuma longa (CL) rich in curcumin and curcuminoids, in reducing AFM1 mammary excretion in Holstein–Friesian cows. Both active principles are reported to inhibit AFM1 hepatic synthesis and interact with drug transporters involved in AFB1 absorption and excretion. A crossover design was applied to two groups of cows (<i>n</i> = 4 each) with a 4-day washout. Animals received a diet contaminated with low AFB1 levels (5 ± 1 µg/kg) for 10 days ± TP supplementation (20 g/head/day). TP treatment had no impact on milk yield, milk composition or somatic cell count. Despite a tendency toward a lower average AFM1 milk content in the last four days of the treatment (below EU limits), no statistically significant differences with the AFB1 group occurred. Since the bioavailability of TP active principles may be a major issue, further investigations with different CL preparations are warranted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:11:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9cd6f43554584212ae209df3a001c065 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:11:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-9cd6f43554584212ae209df3a001c0652023-12-01T22:45:24ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512022-06-0114743010.3390/toxins14070430Effects of Turmeric Powder on Aflatoxin M1 and Aflatoxicol Excretion in Milk from Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B1 at the EU Maximum Tolerable LevelsFlavia Girolami0Andrea Barbarossa1Paola Badino2Shiva Ghadiri3Damiano Cavallini4Anna Zaghini5Carlo Nebbia6Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDue to the climatic change, an increase in aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) maize contamination has been reported in Europe. As an alternative to mineral binders, natural phytogenic compounds are increasingly used to counteract the negative effects of AFB1 in farm animals. In cows, even low dietary AFB1 concentrations may result in the milk excretion of the genotoxic carcinogen metabolite aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). In this study, we tested the ability of dietary turmeric powder (TP), an extract from Curcuma longa (CL) rich in curcumin and curcuminoids, in reducing AFM1 mammary excretion in Holstein–Friesian cows. Both active principles are reported to inhibit AFM1 hepatic synthesis and interact with drug transporters involved in AFB1 absorption and excretion. A crossover design was applied to two groups of cows (<i>n</i> = 4 each) with a 4-day washout. Animals received a diet contaminated with low AFB1 levels (5 ± 1 µg/kg) for 10 days ± TP supplementation (20 g/head/day). TP treatment had no impact on milk yield, milk composition or somatic cell count. Despite a tendency toward a lower average AFM1 milk content in the last four days of the treatment (below EU limits), no statistically significant differences with the AFB1 group occurred. Since the bioavailability of TP active principles may be a major issue, further investigations with different CL preparations are warranted.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/7/430turmeric powdercurcumincurcuminoidsaflatoxin B1aflatoxin M1aflatoxicol |
| spellingShingle | Flavia Girolami Andrea Barbarossa Paola Badino Shiva Ghadiri Damiano Cavallini Anna Zaghini Carlo Nebbia Effects of Turmeric Powder on Aflatoxin M1 and Aflatoxicol Excretion in Milk from Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B1 at the EU Maximum Tolerable Levels Toxins turmeric powder curcumin curcuminoids aflatoxin B1 aflatoxin M1 aflatoxicol |
| title | Effects of Turmeric Powder on Aflatoxin M1 and Aflatoxicol Excretion in Milk from Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B1 at the EU Maximum Tolerable Levels |
| title_full | Effects of Turmeric Powder on Aflatoxin M1 and Aflatoxicol Excretion in Milk from Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B1 at the EU Maximum Tolerable Levels |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Turmeric Powder on Aflatoxin M1 and Aflatoxicol Excretion in Milk from Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B1 at the EU Maximum Tolerable Levels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Turmeric Powder on Aflatoxin M1 and Aflatoxicol Excretion in Milk from Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B1 at the EU Maximum Tolerable Levels |
| title_short | Effects of Turmeric Powder on Aflatoxin M1 and Aflatoxicol Excretion in Milk from Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B1 at the EU Maximum Tolerable Levels |
| title_sort | effects of turmeric powder on aflatoxin m1 and aflatoxicol excretion in milk from dairy cows exposed to aflatoxin b1 at the eu maximum tolerable levels |
| topic | turmeric powder curcumin curcuminoids aflatoxin B1 aflatoxin M1 aflatoxicol |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/7/430 |
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