On-Demand Hydrogen Generation by the Hydrolysis of Ball-Milled Aluminum–Bismuth–Zinc Composites
In this investigation, ternary Al-Bi-Zn composites were prepared through mechanochemical activation to determine the combined effects of low-cost Bi and Zn on the morphology change and reactivity of the Al composite during the hydrolysis reaction. Specifically, Zn was considered as a means to slow t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/3/1197 |
| _version_ | 1797486515600752640 |
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| author | Jamey Davies Stephanus P. du Preez Dmitri G. Bessarabov |
| author_facet | Jamey Davies Stephanus P. du Preez Dmitri G. Bessarabov |
| author_sort | Jamey Davies |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this investigation, ternary Al-Bi-Zn composites were prepared through mechanochemical activation to determine the combined effects of low-cost Bi and Zn on the morphology change and reactivity of the Al composite during the hydrolysis reaction. Specifically, Zn was considered as a means to slow the hydrogen generation rate while preserving a high hydrogen yield. A steady hydrogen generation rate is preferred when coupled with a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated that Bi and Zn were distributed relatively uniformly in Al particles. By doing so, galvanic coupling between anodic Al and the cathodic Bi/Zn sustains the hydrolysis reaction until the entire Al particle is consumed. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed no intermetallic phases between Al, Bi, and/or Zn formed. A composite containing 7.5 wt% Bi and 2.5 wt% Zn had a hydrogen yield of 99.5%, which was completed after approximately 2300 s. It was further found that the water quality used during hydrolysis could further slow the hydrogen generation rate. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:34:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9cdd8ea662704c51980757a6b7539f14 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:34:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-9cdd8ea662704c51980757a6b7539f142023-11-23T17:03:55ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-02-01153119710.3390/ma15031197On-Demand Hydrogen Generation by the Hydrolysis of Ball-Milled Aluminum–Bismuth–Zinc CompositesJamey Davies0Stephanus P. du Preez1Dmitri G. Bessarabov2Hydrogen South Africa (HySA) Infrastructure, Faculty of Engineering, North-West University (NWU), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South AfricaHydrogen South Africa (HySA) Infrastructure, Faculty of Engineering, North-West University (NWU), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South AfricaHydrogen South Africa (HySA) Infrastructure, Faculty of Engineering, North-West University (NWU), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South AfricaIn this investigation, ternary Al-Bi-Zn composites were prepared through mechanochemical activation to determine the combined effects of low-cost Bi and Zn on the morphology change and reactivity of the Al composite during the hydrolysis reaction. Specifically, Zn was considered as a means to slow the hydrogen generation rate while preserving a high hydrogen yield. A steady hydrogen generation rate is preferred when coupled with a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated that Bi and Zn were distributed relatively uniformly in Al particles. By doing so, galvanic coupling between anodic Al and the cathodic Bi/Zn sustains the hydrolysis reaction until the entire Al particle is consumed. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed no intermetallic phases between Al, Bi, and/or Zn formed. A composite containing 7.5 wt% Bi and 2.5 wt% Zn had a hydrogen yield of 99.5%, which was completed after approximately 2300 s. It was further found that the water quality used during hydrolysis could further slow the hydrogen generation rate.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/3/1197aluminummechanochemical activationball millingbismuth (Bi)zinc (Zn)hydrolysis |
| spellingShingle | Jamey Davies Stephanus P. du Preez Dmitri G. Bessarabov On-Demand Hydrogen Generation by the Hydrolysis of Ball-Milled Aluminum–Bismuth–Zinc Composites Materials aluminum mechanochemical activation ball milling bismuth (Bi) zinc (Zn) hydrolysis |
| title | On-Demand Hydrogen Generation by the Hydrolysis of Ball-Milled Aluminum–Bismuth–Zinc Composites |
| title_full | On-Demand Hydrogen Generation by the Hydrolysis of Ball-Milled Aluminum–Bismuth–Zinc Composites |
| title_fullStr | On-Demand Hydrogen Generation by the Hydrolysis of Ball-Milled Aluminum–Bismuth–Zinc Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | On-Demand Hydrogen Generation by the Hydrolysis of Ball-Milled Aluminum–Bismuth–Zinc Composites |
| title_short | On-Demand Hydrogen Generation by the Hydrolysis of Ball-Milled Aluminum–Bismuth–Zinc Composites |
| title_sort | on demand hydrogen generation by the hydrolysis of ball milled aluminum bismuth zinc composites |
| topic | aluminum mechanochemical activation ball milling bismuth (Bi) zinc (Zn) hydrolysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/3/1197 |
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