Cold Cathodes with Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials
Two-dimensional van der Waals materials could be used as electron emitters alone or stacked in a heterostructure. Many significant phenomena of two-dimensional van der Waals field emitters have been observed and predicted since the landmark discovery of graphene. Due to the wide variety of heterostr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/17/2437 |
| _version_ | 1797582067492454400 |
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| author | Yicong Chen Jun Chen Zhibing Li |
| author_facet | Yicong Chen Jun Chen Zhibing Li |
| author_sort | Yicong Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Two-dimensional van der Waals materials could be used as electron emitters alone or stacked in a heterostructure. Many significant phenomena of two-dimensional van der Waals field emitters have been observed and predicted since the landmark discovery of graphene. Due to the wide variety of heterostructures that integrate an atomic monolayer or multilayers with insulator nanofilms or metallic cathodes by van der Waals force, the diversity of van der Waals materials is large to be chosen from, which are appealing for further investigation. Until now, increasing the efficiency, stability, and uniformity in electron emission of cold cathodes with two-dimensional materials is still of interest in research. Some novel behaviors in electron emission, such as coherence and directionality, have been revealed by the theoretical study down to the atomic scale and could lead to innovative applications. Although intensive emission in the direction normal to two-dimensional emitters has been observed in experiments, the theoretical mechanism is still incomplete. In this paper, we will review some late progresses related to the cold cathodes with two-dimensional van der Waals materials, both in experiments and in the theoretical study, emphasizing the phenomena which are absent in the conventional cold cathodes. The review will cover the fabrication of several kinds of emitter structures for field emission applications, the state of the art of their field emission properties and the existing field emission model. In the end, some perspectives on their future research trend will also be given. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:16:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9cf4e4c68a6b4f98b159b43773d6d250 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:16:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-9cf4e4c68a6b4f98b159b43773d6d2502023-11-19T08:36:40ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912023-08-011317243710.3390/nano13172437Cold Cathodes with Two-Dimensional van der Waals MaterialsYicong Chen0Jun Chen1Zhibing Li2State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518000, ChinaTwo-dimensional van der Waals materials could be used as electron emitters alone or stacked in a heterostructure. Many significant phenomena of two-dimensional van der Waals field emitters have been observed and predicted since the landmark discovery of graphene. Due to the wide variety of heterostructures that integrate an atomic monolayer or multilayers with insulator nanofilms or metallic cathodes by van der Waals force, the diversity of van der Waals materials is large to be chosen from, which are appealing for further investigation. Until now, increasing the efficiency, stability, and uniformity in electron emission of cold cathodes with two-dimensional materials is still of interest in research. Some novel behaviors in electron emission, such as coherence and directionality, have been revealed by the theoretical study down to the atomic scale and could lead to innovative applications. Although intensive emission in the direction normal to two-dimensional emitters has been observed in experiments, the theoretical mechanism is still incomplete. In this paper, we will review some late progresses related to the cold cathodes with two-dimensional van der Waals materials, both in experiments and in the theoretical study, emphasizing the phenomena which are absent in the conventional cold cathodes. The review will cover the fabrication of several kinds of emitter structures for field emission applications, the state of the art of their field emission properties and the existing field emission model. In the end, some perspectives on their future research trend will also be given.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/17/2437cold cathode2D van der Waals materialsfield emissioncoherencehot electron emission |
| spellingShingle | Yicong Chen Jun Chen Zhibing Li Cold Cathodes with Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials Nanomaterials cold cathode 2D van der Waals materials field emission coherence hot electron emission |
| title | Cold Cathodes with Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials |
| title_full | Cold Cathodes with Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials |
| title_fullStr | Cold Cathodes with Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cold Cathodes with Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials |
| title_short | Cold Cathodes with Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials |
| title_sort | cold cathodes with two dimensional van der waals materials |
| topic | cold cathode 2D van der Waals materials field emission coherence hot electron emission |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/17/2437 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yicongchen coldcathodeswithtwodimensionalvanderwaalsmaterials AT junchen coldcathodeswithtwodimensionalvanderwaalsmaterials AT zhibingli coldcathodeswithtwodimensionalvanderwaalsmaterials |