Macroscopic and Histopathologic Findings From a Mass Stranding of Rough-Toothed Dolphins (Steno bredanensis) in 2005 on Marathon Key, Florida, USA
On March 2, 2005 ~70 rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis) mass stranded along mud flats and associated canals on the Atlantic Ocean side of Marathon Key, Florida. Forty-six were necropsied and placed into two groups for analysis: Group-1 animals (N = 34; 65%) that died prior to medical interve...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fvets.2020.00572/full |
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| author | Ruth Y. Ewing David S. Rotstein William A. McLellan Alexander M. Costidis Gretchen Lovewell Adam M. Schaefer Carlos H. Romero Gregory D. Bossart Gregory D. Bossart |
| author_facet | Ruth Y. Ewing David S. Rotstein William A. McLellan Alexander M. Costidis Gretchen Lovewell Adam M. Schaefer Carlos H. Romero Gregory D. Bossart Gregory D. Bossart |
| author_sort | Ruth Y. Ewing |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | On March 2, 2005 ~70 rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis) mass stranded along mud flats and associated canals on the Atlantic Ocean side of Marathon Key, Florida. Forty-six were necropsied and placed into two groups for analysis: Group-1 animals (N = 34; 65%) that died prior to medical intervention and rehabilitative efforts and Group-2 animals (N = 12; 35%) that died in rehabilitation. Thirty-four animals were females (18 adults, 5 juvenile/subadult, 7 calves, and 4 of undetermined age) and 12 were males (6 adults, 4 juvenile/subadults, 1 calf, and 1 of undetermined age). Body condition overall was fair to good in Group-1 and fair to poor in Group-2. Lesions were observed in multiple body systems. Greater than 90% of animals in both groups had respiratory lesions. Verminous sinusitis and bronchopneumonia were 2–3 times more prevalent in Group-2. Capture/exertional rhabdomyolysis was observed in Group-2 (42%). Vacuolar hepatopathies were observed in both groups including hepatic lipidosis (Group-1) and mixed etiologies (Group-2). Pancreatic and gastrointestinal tract pathologies were prevalent in Group-2 animals 56 and 75%, respectively, and included gastritis, gastric ulceration, enterocolitis, pancreatic atrophy, and pancreatitis related to physiologic stress. Group-2 more frequently had evidence of hemorrhagic diathesis present which included increased extramedullary hematopoiesis in various organs, increased hemosiderosis, and hemorrhage and hemorrhagic drainage in various organs. Central nervous system disease, primarily edema, and mild inflammation were equally prevalent. Renal proteinuria, tubular necrosis, and pigmentary deposition were observed in Group-2. Dental attrition was observed in ~40% of the groups. Gammaherpesviral-associated pharyngeal plaques were observed in 46 and 54% of Group-1 and 2 animals, respectively. Other lesions observed were mild and incidental with a frequency rate <20%. The findings from this Steno stranding provide a unique window into baseline individual and population clinical conditions and additional perspective into potential clinical sequelae of rehabilitation efforts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:14:06Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:14:06Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-9cff84261e3c4beaa1d54639292cf25f2022-12-22T03:55:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692020-09-01710.3389/fvets.2020.00572543430Macroscopic and Histopathologic Findings From a Mass Stranding of Rough-Toothed Dolphins (Steno bredanensis) in 2005 on Marathon Key, Florida, USARuth Y. Ewing0David S. Rotstein1William A. McLellan2Alexander M. Costidis3Gretchen Lovewell4Adam M. Schaefer5Carlos H. Romero6Gregory D. Bossart7Gregory D. Bossart8Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, FL, United StatesMarine Mammal Pathology Services, Olney, MD, United StatesDepartment of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United StatesVirginia Aquarium & Marine Science Center, Virginia Beach, VA, United StatesDirectorate of Marine Biology and Conservation, Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, United StatesCenter for Coastal Research-Marine Mammal Research and Conservation Program, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, FL, United StatesDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesGeorgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDivision of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United StatesOn March 2, 2005 ~70 rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis) mass stranded along mud flats and associated canals on the Atlantic Ocean side of Marathon Key, Florida. Forty-six were necropsied and placed into two groups for analysis: Group-1 animals (N = 34; 65%) that died prior to medical intervention and rehabilitative efforts and Group-2 animals (N = 12; 35%) that died in rehabilitation. Thirty-four animals were females (18 adults, 5 juvenile/subadult, 7 calves, and 4 of undetermined age) and 12 were males (6 adults, 4 juvenile/subadults, 1 calf, and 1 of undetermined age). Body condition overall was fair to good in Group-1 and fair to poor in Group-2. Lesions were observed in multiple body systems. Greater than 90% of animals in both groups had respiratory lesions. Verminous sinusitis and bronchopneumonia were 2–3 times more prevalent in Group-2. Capture/exertional rhabdomyolysis was observed in Group-2 (42%). Vacuolar hepatopathies were observed in both groups including hepatic lipidosis (Group-1) and mixed etiologies (Group-2). Pancreatic and gastrointestinal tract pathologies were prevalent in Group-2 animals 56 and 75%, respectively, and included gastritis, gastric ulceration, enterocolitis, pancreatic atrophy, and pancreatitis related to physiologic stress. Group-2 more frequently had evidence of hemorrhagic diathesis present which included increased extramedullary hematopoiesis in various organs, increased hemosiderosis, and hemorrhage and hemorrhagic drainage in various organs. Central nervous system disease, primarily edema, and mild inflammation were equally prevalent. Renal proteinuria, tubular necrosis, and pigmentary deposition were observed in Group-2. Dental attrition was observed in ~40% of the groups. Gammaherpesviral-associated pharyngeal plaques were observed in 46 and 54% of Group-1 and 2 animals, respectively. Other lesions observed were mild and incidental with a frequency rate <20%. The findings from this Steno stranding provide a unique window into baseline individual and population clinical conditions and additional perspective into potential clinical sequelae of rehabilitation efforts.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fvets.2020.00572/fullSteno bredanensisrough-toothed dolphinmass strandingpathologyFloridaUSA |
| spellingShingle | Ruth Y. Ewing David S. Rotstein William A. McLellan Alexander M. Costidis Gretchen Lovewell Adam M. Schaefer Carlos H. Romero Gregory D. Bossart Gregory D. Bossart Macroscopic and Histopathologic Findings From a Mass Stranding of Rough-Toothed Dolphins (Steno bredanensis) in 2005 on Marathon Key, Florida, USA Frontiers in Veterinary Science Steno bredanensis rough-toothed dolphin mass stranding pathology Florida USA |
| title | Macroscopic and Histopathologic Findings From a Mass Stranding of Rough-Toothed Dolphins (Steno bredanensis) in 2005 on Marathon Key, Florida, USA |
| title_full | Macroscopic and Histopathologic Findings From a Mass Stranding of Rough-Toothed Dolphins (Steno bredanensis) in 2005 on Marathon Key, Florida, USA |
| title_fullStr | Macroscopic and Histopathologic Findings From a Mass Stranding of Rough-Toothed Dolphins (Steno bredanensis) in 2005 on Marathon Key, Florida, USA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Macroscopic and Histopathologic Findings From a Mass Stranding of Rough-Toothed Dolphins (Steno bredanensis) in 2005 on Marathon Key, Florida, USA |
| title_short | Macroscopic and Histopathologic Findings From a Mass Stranding of Rough-Toothed Dolphins (Steno bredanensis) in 2005 on Marathon Key, Florida, USA |
| title_sort | macroscopic and histopathologic findings from a mass stranding of rough toothed dolphins steno bredanensis in 2005 on marathon key florida usa |
| topic | Steno bredanensis rough-toothed dolphin mass stranding pathology Florida USA |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fvets.2020.00572/full |
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