Manipulation of Meiotic Recombination to Hasten Crop Improvement
Reciprocal (cross-overs = COs) and non-reciprocal (gene conversion) DNA exchanges between the parental chromosomes (the homologs) during meiotic recombination are, together with mutation, the drivers for the evolution and adaptation of species. In plant breeding, recombination combines alleles from...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/3/369 |
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| author | Ian Fayos Julien Frouin Donaldo Meynard Aurore Vernet Léo Herbert Emmanuel Guiderdoni |
| author_facet | Ian Fayos Julien Frouin Donaldo Meynard Aurore Vernet Léo Herbert Emmanuel Guiderdoni |
| author_sort | Ian Fayos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reciprocal (cross-overs = COs) and non-reciprocal (gene conversion) DNA exchanges between the parental chromosomes (the homologs) during meiotic recombination are, together with mutation, the drivers for the evolution and adaptation of species. In plant breeding, recombination combines alleles from genetically diverse accessions to generate new haplotypes on which selection can act. In recent years, a spectacular progress has been accomplished in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying meiotic recombination in both model and crop plants as well as in the modulation of meiotic recombination using different strategies. The latter includes the stimulation and redistribution of COs by either modifying environmental conditions (e.g., T°), harnessing particular genomic situations (e.g., triploidy in Brassicaceae), or inactivating/over-expressing meiotic genes, notably some involved in the DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways. These tools could be particularly useful for shuffling diversity in pre-breeding generations. Furthermore, thanks to the site-specific properties of genome editing technologies the targeting of meiotic recombination at specific chromosomal regions nowadays appears an attainable goal. Directing COs at desired chromosomal positions would allow breaking linkage situations existing between favorable and unfavorable alleles, the so-called linkage drag, and accelerate genetic gain. This review surveys the recent achievements in the manipulation of meiotic recombination in plants that could be integrated into breeding schemes to meet the challenges of deploying crops that are more resilient to climate instability, resistant to pathogens and pests, and sparing in their input requirements. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:50:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9d32f02c064d4f6fa38a1cdd886356f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:50:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d32f02c064d4f6fa38a1cdd886356f82023-11-30T20:51:17ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372022-02-0111336910.3390/biology11030369Manipulation of Meiotic Recombination to Hasten Crop ImprovementIan Fayos0Julien Frouin1Donaldo Meynard2Aurore Vernet3Léo Herbert4Emmanuel Guiderdoni5Meiogenix, 38 rue Sevran, 75011 Paris, FranceCIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, FranceCIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, FranceCIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, FranceMeiogenix, 38 rue Sevran, 75011 Paris, FranceCIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, FranceReciprocal (cross-overs = COs) and non-reciprocal (gene conversion) DNA exchanges between the parental chromosomes (the homologs) during meiotic recombination are, together with mutation, the drivers for the evolution and adaptation of species. In plant breeding, recombination combines alleles from genetically diverse accessions to generate new haplotypes on which selection can act. In recent years, a spectacular progress has been accomplished in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying meiotic recombination in both model and crop plants as well as in the modulation of meiotic recombination using different strategies. The latter includes the stimulation and redistribution of COs by either modifying environmental conditions (e.g., T°), harnessing particular genomic situations (e.g., triploidy in Brassicaceae), or inactivating/over-expressing meiotic genes, notably some involved in the DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways. These tools could be particularly useful for shuffling diversity in pre-breeding generations. Furthermore, thanks to the site-specific properties of genome editing technologies the targeting of meiotic recombination at specific chromosomal regions nowadays appears an attainable goal. Directing COs at desired chromosomal positions would allow breaking linkage situations existing between favorable and unfavorable alleles, the so-called linkage drag, and accelerate genetic gain. This review surveys the recent achievements in the manipulation of meiotic recombination in plants that could be integrated into breeding schemes to meet the challenges of deploying crops that are more resilient to climate instability, resistant to pathogens and pests, and sparing in their input requirements.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/3/369breedingcropsengineeringmeiosisrecombination |
| spellingShingle | Ian Fayos Julien Frouin Donaldo Meynard Aurore Vernet Léo Herbert Emmanuel Guiderdoni Manipulation of Meiotic Recombination to Hasten Crop Improvement Biology breeding crops engineering meiosis recombination |
| title | Manipulation of Meiotic Recombination to Hasten Crop Improvement |
| title_full | Manipulation of Meiotic Recombination to Hasten Crop Improvement |
| title_fullStr | Manipulation of Meiotic Recombination to Hasten Crop Improvement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Manipulation of Meiotic Recombination to Hasten Crop Improvement |
| title_short | Manipulation of Meiotic Recombination to Hasten Crop Improvement |
| title_sort | manipulation of meiotic recombination to hasten crop improvement |
| topic | breeding crops engineering meiosis recombination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/3/369 |
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