The Neurophysiological Processing of Music in Children: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis and Considerations for Clinical Practice in Music Therapy
Introduction: Evidence supporting the use of music interventions to maximize arousal and awareness in adults presenting with a disorder of consciousness continues to grow. However, the brain of a child is not simply a small adult brain, and therefore adult theories are not directly translatable to t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.615209/full |
| _version_ | 1818416774994984960 |
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| author | Janeen Bower Janeen Bower Janeen Bower Wendy L. Magee Cathy Catroppa Cathy Catroppa Cathy Catroppa Felicity Anne Baker Felicity Anne Baker |
| author_facet | Janeen Bower Janeen Bower Janeen Bower Wendy L. Magee Cathy Catroppa Cathy Catroppa Cathy Catroppa Felicity Anne Baker Felicity Anne Baker |
| author_sort | Janeen Bower |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Evidence supporting the use of music interventions to maximize arousal and awareness in adults presenting with a disorder of consciousness continues to grow. However, the brain of a child is not simply a small adult brain, and therefore adult theories are not directly translatable to the pediatric population. The present study aims to synthesize brain imaging data about the neural processing of music in children aged 0-18 years, to form a theoretical basis for music interventions with children presenting with a disorder of consciousness following acquired brain injury.Methods: We conducted a systematic review with narrative synthesis utilizing an adaptation of the methodology developed by Popay and colleagues. Following the development of the narrative that answered the central question “what does brain imaging data reveal about the receptive processing of music in children?”, discussion was centered around the clinical implications of music therapy with children following acquired brain injury.Results: The narrative synthesis included 46 studies that utilized EEG, MEG, fMRI, and fNIRS scanning techniques in children aged 0-18 years. From birth, musical stimuli elicit distinct but immature electrical responses, with components of the auditory evoked response having longer latencies and variable amplitudes compared to their adult counterparts. Hemodynamic responses are observed throughout cortical and subcortical structures however cortical immaturity impacts musical processing and the localization of function in infants and young children. The processing of complex musical stimuli continues to mature into late adolescence.Conclusion: While the ability to process fundamental musical elements is present from birth, infants and children process music more slowly and utilize different cortical areas compared to adults. Brain injury in childhood occurs in a period of rapid development and the ability to process music following brain injury will likely depend on pre-morbid musical processing. Further, a significant brain injury may disrupt the developmental trajectory of complex music processing. However, complex music processing may emerge earlier than comparative language processing, and occur throughout a more global circuitry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T11:56:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9d344edad7ad447c8c149bc464976e4d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T11:56:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d344edad7ad447c8c149bc464976e4d2022-12-21T23:02:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782021-04-011210.3389/fpsyg.2021.615209615209The Neurophysiological Processing of Music in Children: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis and Considerations for Clinical Practice in Music TherapyJaneen Bower0Janeen Bower1Janeen Bower2Wendy L. Magee3Cathy Catroppa4Cathy Catroppa5Cathy Catroppa6Felicity Anne Baker7Felicity Anne Baker8Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaBrain and Mind, Clinical Sciences, The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaMusic Therapy Department, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaBoyer College of Music and Dance, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesBrain and Mind, Clinical Sciences, The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaMelbourne School of Psychological Sciences and The Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaPsychology Department, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaFaculty of Fine Arts and Music, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaCentre of Research in Music and Health, Norwegian Academy of Music, Oslo, NorwayIntroduction: Evidence supporting the use of music interventions to maximize arousal and awareness in adults presenting with a disorder of consciousness continues to grow. However, the brain of a child is not simply a small adult brain, and therefore adult theories are not directly translatable to the pediatric population. The present study aims to synthesize brain imaging data about the neural processing of music in children aged 0-18 years, to form a theoretical basis for music interventions with children presenting with a disorder of consciousness following acquired brain injury.Methods: We conducted a systematic review with narrative synthesis utilizing an adaptation of the methodology developed by Popay and colleagues. Following the development of the narrative that answered the central question “what does brain imaging data reveal about the receptive processing of music in children?”, discussion was centered around the clinical implications of music therapy with children following acquired brain injury.Results: The narrative synthesis included 46 studies that utilized EEG, MEG, fMRI, and fNIRS scanning techniques in children aged 0-18 years. From birth, musical stimuli elicit distinct but immature electrical responses, with components of the auditory evoked response having longer latencies and variable amplitudes compared to their adult counterparts. Hemodynamic responses are observed throughout cortical and subcortical structures however cortical immaturity impacts musical processing and the localization of function in infants and young children. The processing of complex musical stimuli continues to mature into late adolescence.Conclusion: While the ability to process fundamental musical elements is present from birth, infants and children process music more slowly and utilize different cortical areas compared to adults. Brain injury in childhood occurs in a period of rapid development and the ability to process music following brain injury will likely depend on pre-morbid musical processing. Further, a significant brain injury may disrupt the developmental trajectory of complex music processing. However, complex music processing may emerge earlier than comparative language processing, and occur throughout a more global circuitry.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.615209/fullsystematic reviewmusicbrain imagingchildmusic therapyacquired brain injury |
| spellingShingle | Janeen Bower Janeen Bower Janeen Bower Wendy L. Magee Cathy Catroppa Cathy Catroppa Cathy Catroppa Felicity Anne Baker Felicity Anne Baker The Neurophysiological Processing of Music in Children: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis and Considerations for Clinical Practice in Music Therapy Frontiers in Psychology systematic review music brain imaging child music therapy acquired brain injury |
| title | The Neurophysiological Processing of Music in Children: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis and Considerations for Clinical Practice in Music Therapy |
| title_full | The Neurophysiological Processing of Music in Children: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis and Considerations for Clinical Practice in Music Therapy |
| title_fullStr | The Neurophysiological Processing of Music in Children: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis and Considerations for Clinical Practice in Music Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Neurophysiological Processing of Music in Children: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis and Considerations for Clinical Practice in Music Therapy |
| title_short | The Neurophysiological Processing of Music in Children: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis and Considerations for Clinical Practice in Music Therapy |
| title_sort | neurophysiological processing of music in children a systematic review with narrative synthesis and considerations for clinical practice in music therapy |
| topic | systematic review music brain imaging child music therapy acquired brain injury |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.615209/full |
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