Silicone Implants Immobilized with Interleukin-4 Promote the M2 Polarization of Macrophages and Inhibit the Formation of Fibrous Capsules
Breast augmentations with silicone implants can have adverse effects on tissues that, in turn, lead to capsular contracture (CC). One of the potential ways of overcoming CC is to control the implant/host interaction using immunomodulatory agents. Recently, a high ratio of anti-inflammatory (M2) macr...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/16/2630 |
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| author | Hyun-Seok Kim Seongsoo Kim Byung-Ho Shin Chan-Yeong Heo Omar Faruq Le Thi Van Anh Nilsu Dönmez Pham Ngoc Chien Dong-Sik Shin Sun-Young Nam Rong-Min Baek |
| author_facet | Hyun-Seok Kim Seongsoo Kim Byung-Ho Shin Chan-Yeong Heo Omar Faruq Le Thi Van Anh Nilsu Dönmez Pham Ngoc Chien Dong-Sik Shin Sun-Young Nam Rong-Min Baek |
| author_sort | Hyun-Seok Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Breast augmentations with silicone implants can have adverse effects on tissues that, in turn, lead to capsular contracture (CC). One of the potential ways of overcoming CC is to control the implant/host interaction using immunomodulatory agents. Recently, a high ratio of anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages to pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages has been reported to be an effective tissue regeneration approach at the implant site. In this study, a biofunctionalized implant was coated with interleukin (IL)-4 to inhibit an adverse immune reaction and promoted tissue regeneration by promoting polarization of macrophages into the M2 pro-healing phenotype in the long term. Surface wettability, nitrogen content, and atomic force microscopy data clearly showed the successful immobilization of IL-4 on the silicone implant. Furthermore, in vitro results revealed that IL-4-coated implants were able to decrease the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) and induced the production of IL-10 and the upregulation of arginase-1 (mannose receptor expressed by M2 macrophage). The efficacy of this immunomodulatory implant was further demonstrated in an in vivo rat model. The animal study showed that the presence of IL-4 diminished the capsule thickness, the amount of collagen, tissue inflammation, and the infiltration of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. These results suggest that macrophage phenotype modulation can effectively reduce inflammation and fibrous CC on a silicone implant conjugated with IL-4. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:27:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9d3e2bc920174d819490508efb013a4c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:27:31Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d3e2bc920174d819490508efb013a4c2023-11-22T09:21:55ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-08-011316263010.3390/polym13162630Silicone Implants Immobilized with Interleukin-4 Promote the M2 Polarization of Macrophages and Inhibit the Formation of Fibrous CapsulesHyun-Seok Kim0Seongsoo Kim1Byung-Ho Shin2Chan-Yeong Heo3Omar Faruq4Le Thi Van Anh5Nilsu Dönmez6Pham Ngoc Chien7Dong-Sik Shin8Sun-Young Nam9Rong-Min Baek10Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaDivision of Chemical and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, KoreaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, KoreaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, KoreaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, KoreaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, KoreaDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, KoreaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, KoreaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaBreast augmentations with silicone implants can have adverse effects on tissues that, in turn, lead to capsular contracture (CC). One of the potential ways of overcoming CC is to control the implant/host interaction using immunomodulatory agents. Recently, a high ratio of anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages to pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages has been reported to be an effective tissue regeneration approach at the implant site. In this study, a biofunctionalized implant was coated with interleukin (IL)-4 to inhibit an adverse immune reaction and promoted tissue regeneration by promoting polarization of macrophages into the M2 pro-healing phenotype in the long term. Surface wettability, nitrogen content, and atomic force microscopy data clearly showed the successful immobilization of IL-4 on the silicone implant. Furthermore, in vitro results revealed that IL-4-coated implants were able to decrease the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) and induced the production of IL-10 and the upregulation of arginase-1 (mannose receptor expressed by M2 macrophage). The efficacy of this immunomodulatory implant was further demonstrated in an in vivo rat model. The animal study showed that the presence of IL-4 diminished the capsule thickness, the amount of collagen, tissue inflammation, and the infiltration of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. These results suggest that macrophage phenotype modulation can effectively reduce inflammation and fibrous CC on a silicone implant conjugated with IL-4.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/16/2630silicone implantsimmobilization of IL-4capsular contracturefibrosisinflammationmacrophage polarization |
| spellingShingle | Hyun-Seok Kim Seongsoo Kim Byung-Ho Shin Chan-Yeong Heo Omar Faruq Le Thi Van Anh Nilsu Dönmez Pham Ngoc Chien Dong-Sik Shin Sun-Young Nam Rong-Min Baek Silicone Implants Immobilized with Interleukin-4 Promote the M2 Polarization of Macrophages and Inhibit the Formation of Fibrous Capsules Polymers silicone implants immobilization of IL-4 capsular contracture fibrosis inflammation macrophage polarization |
| title | Silicone Implants Immobilized with Interleukin-4 Promote the M2 Polarization of Macrophages and Inhibit the Formation of Fibrous Capsules |
| title_full | Silicone Implants Immobilized with Interleukin-4 Promote the M2 Polarization of Macrophages and Inhibit the Formation of Fibrous Capsules |
| title_fullStr | Silicone Implants Immobilized with Interleukin-4 Promote the M2 Polarization of Macrophages and Inhibit the Formation of Fibrous Capsules |
| title_full_unstemmed | Silicone Implants Immobilized with Interleukin-4 Promote the M2 Polarization of Macrophages and Inhibit the Formation of Fibrous Capsules |
| title_short | Silicone Implants Immobilized with Interleukin-4 Promote the M2 Polarization of Macrophages and Inhibit the Formation of Fibrous Capsules |
| title_sort | silicone implants immobilized with interleukin 4 promote the m2 polarization of macrophages and inhibit the formation of fibrous capsules |
| topic | silicone implants immobilization of IL-4 capsular contracture fibrosis inflammation macrophage polarization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/16/2630 |
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