Sedentary Behaviour Impairs Skeletal Muscle Repair Modulating the Inflammatory Response
This study investigated whether sedentary behaviour modulates skeletal-muscle repair and tissue inflammatory response after cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced injury. Singly caged rats spent 8 weeks either as a sedentary group (SED, <i>n</i> = 15) or as a control group (EX, <i>n</i> =...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/7/4/76 |
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| author | Eduardo Teixeira Juliana Garcia António Bovolini Ana Carvalho Júlio Pacheco José A. Duarte |
| author_facet | Eduardo Teixeira Juliana Garcia António Bovolini Ana Carvalho Júlio Pacheco José A. Duarte |
| author_sort | Eduardo Teixeira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated whether sedentary behaviour modulates skeletal-muscle repair and tissue inflammatory response after cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced injury. Singly caged rats spent 8 weeks either as a sedentary group (SED, <i>n</i> = 15) or as a control group (EX, <i>n</i> = 15)—caged with running wheels for voluntary running. All rats had each tibial anterior muscle infused either with CTX (CTX; right muscle) or saline solution (Sham; left muscle) and were sacrificed (<i>n</i> = 5 per group) on the 1st, 7th, and 15th day post-injection (dpi). Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were used to calculate myotube percentage and fibrosis accretion, and quantify the number of neutrophils and M1 and M2 macrophage subtypes. The SED group showed an increased number of both neutrophils and M1 macrophages (7th and 15th dpi) compared to the EX group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The EX group showed an increased number of M2 macrophages on the 1st dpi. On the 7th dpi, the SED group showed a lower myotube percentage compared to the EX group (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and on the 15th dpi showed only 54% of normal undamaged fibres compared to 90% from the EX group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The SED group showed increased fibrosis on both the 7th and 15th dpi. Our results show that sedentary behaviour affects the inflammatory response, enhancing and prolonging the Th1 phase, and delays and impairs the SMR process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:15:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9d40022671b84ff4a9067e08a1e149b2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2411-5142 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:15:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d40022671b84ff4a9067e08a1e149b22023-11-24T15:51:17ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology2411-51422022-09-01747610.3390/jfmk7040076Sedentary Behaviour Impairs Skeletal Muscle Repair Modulating the Inflammatory ResponseEduardo Teixeira0Juliana Garcia1António Bovolini2Ana Carvalho3Júlio Pacheco4José A. Duarte5Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto (FADEUP) and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4200-450 Porto, PortugalCentre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalInstituto Politécnico da Guarda, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior (UDI), 6300-559 Guarda, PortugalResearch Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University Institute of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, PortugalResearch Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto (FADEUP) and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4200-450 Porto, PortugalToxicology Research Unit (TOXRUN), University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Advanced Polytechnic and University Cooperative (CESPU), CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, PortugalThis study investigated whether sedentary behaviour modulates skeletal-muscle repair and tissue inflammatory response after cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced injury. Singly caged rats spent 8 weeks either as a sedentary group (SED, <i>n</i> = 15) or as a control group (EX, <i>n</i> = 15)—caged with running wheels for voluntary running. All rats had each tibial anterior muscle infused either with CTX (CTX; right muscle) or saline solution (Sham; left muscle) and were sacrificed (<i>n</i> = 5 per group) on the 1st, 7th, and 15th day post-injection (dpi). Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were used to calculate myotube percentage and fibrosis accretion, and quantify the number of neutrophils and M1 and M2 macrophage subtypes. The SED group showed an increased number of both neutrophils and M1 macrophages (7th and 15th dpi) compared to the EX group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The EX group showed an increased number of M2 macrophages on the 1st dpi. On the 7th dpi, the SED group showed a lower myotube percentage compared to the EX group (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and on the 15th dpi showed only 54% of normal undamaged fibres compared to 90% from the EX group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The SED group showed increased fibrosis on both the 7th and 15th dpi. Our results show that sedentary behaviour affects the inflammatory response, enhancing and prolonging the Th1 phase, and delays and impairs the SMR process.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/7/4/76ratscardiotoxinneutrophilsmacrophagesregenerationfibrosis |
| spellingShingle | Eduardo Teixeira Juliana Garcia António Bovolini Ana Carvalho Júlio Pacheco José A. Duarte Sedentary Behaviour Impairs Skeletal Muscle Repair Modulating the Inflammatory Response Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology rats cardiotoxin neutrophils macrophages regeneration fibrosis |
| title | Sedentary Behaviour Impairs Skeletal Muscle Repair Modulating the Inflammatory Response |
| title_full | Sedentary Behaviour Impairs Skeletal Muscle Repair Modulating the Inflammatory Response |
| title_fullStr | Sedentary Behaviour Impairs Skeletal Muscle Repair Modulating the Inflammatory Response |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sedentary Behaviour Impairs Skeletal Muscle Repair Modulating the Inflammatory Response |
| title_short | Sedentary Behaviour Impairs Skeletal Muscle Repair Modulating the Inflammatory Response |
| title_sort | sedentary behaviour impairs skeletal muscle repair modulating the inflammatory response |
| topic | rats cardiotoxin neutrophils macrophages regeneration fibrosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/7/4/76 |
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