Ultra-Fine Particle Emissions Characterization and Reduction Technologies in a NG Heavy Duty Engine
This paper describes some strategies to deal with the arduous challenge of reducing emissions from the transport sector. Two different approaches in particle emissions reduction from natural gas (NG) heavy duty (HD) engines were evaluated. The focus was on reducing the ultra-fine sub 23 nm particles...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/11/1919 |
| _version_ | 1797465930481008640 |
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| author | Pierpaolo Napolitano Davide Di Domenico Dario Di Maio Chiara Guido Stefano Golini |
| author_facet | Pierpaolo Napolitano Davide Di Domenico Dario Di Maio Chiara Guido Stefano Golini |
| author_sort | Pierpaolo Napolitano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper describes some strategies to deal with the arduous challenge of reducing emissions from the transport sector. Two different approaches in particle emissions reduction from natural gas (NG) heavy duty (HD) engines were evaluated. The focus was on reducing the ultra-fine sub 23 nm particles, a key aspect in the vehicles’ impact on human health and environment. To this end, an experimental research activity was carried out on a NG HD engine that was EURO VI regulation compliant. Lubricant oils characterized by different base compositions and ash contents were compared to provide a preferred path to develop formulations. The performed activity on world harmonized transient cycles (WHTCs) have demonstrated a high reduction potential (≈70%) that is reachable by acting on the lube formulation. A CNG particle filter (CPF), derived from the diesel and gasoline engines technology, was fully characterized in terms of its filtration efficiency. Three different types of tests were carried out: steady state, WHTCs, and several idle-to-load step maneuvers. The CPF was highly efficient in reducing solid particles over 10 nm diameter in all the different tests. During WHTCs, the mean abatement efficiency was about 85%. Both technologies provide interesting insights to make NG HD engines compliant with the upcoming Euro VII regulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:28:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9d40084fb3b44fbea9fab275fd8fb930 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:28:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d40084fb3b44fbea9fab275fd8fb9302023-11-24T07:42:57ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-11-011311191910.3390/atmos13111919Ultra-Fine Particle Emissions Characterization and Reduction Technologies in a NG Heavy Duty EnginePierpaolo Napolitano0Davide Di Domenico1Dario Di Maio2Chiara Guido3Stefano Golini4National Research Council—Institute of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (CNR-STEMS), 80125 Naples, ItalyNational Research Council—Institute of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (CNR-STEMS), 80125 Naples, ItalyNational Research Council—Institute of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (CNR-STEMS), 80125 Naples, ItalyNational Research Council—Institute of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (CNR-STEMS), 80125 Naples, ItalyFPT Industrial S.p.A., 10156 Torino, ItalyThis paper describes some strategies to deal with the arduous challenge of reducing emissions from the transport sector. Two different approaches in particle emissions reduction from natural gas (NG) heavy duty (HD) engines were evaluated. The focus was on reducing the ultra-fine sub 23 nm particles, a key aspect in the vehicles’ impact on human health and environment. To this end, an experimental research activity was carried out on a NG HD engine that was EURO VI regulation compliant. Lubricant oils characterized by different base compositions and ash contents were compared to provide a preferred path to develop formulations. The performed activity on world harmonized transient cycles (WHTCs) have demonstrated a high reduction potential (≈70%) that is reachable by acting on the lube formulation. A CNG particle filter (CPF), derived from the diesel and gasoline engines technology, was fully characterized in terms of its filtration efficiency. Three different types of tests were carried out: steady state, WHTCs, and several idle-to-load step maneuvers. The CPF was highly efficient in reducing solid particles over 10 nm diameter in all the different tests. During WHTCs, the mean abatement efficiency was about 85%. Both technologies provide interesting insights to make NG HD engines compliant with the upcoming Euro VII regulation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/11/1919natural gas enginesub23 particle emissionsparticle filterlube oil |
| spellingShingle | Pierpaolo Napolitano Davide Di Domenico Dario Di Maio Chiara Guido Stefano Golini Ultra-Fine Particle Emissions Characterization and Reduction Technologies in a NG Heavy Duty Engine Atmosphere natural gas engine sub23 particle emissions particle filter lube oil |
| title | Ultra-Fine Particle Emissions Characterization and Reduction Technologies in a NG Heavy Duty Engine |
| title_full | Ultra-Fine Particle Emissions Characterization and Reduction Technologies in a NG Heavy Duty Engine |
| title_fullStr | Ultra-Fine Particle Emissions Characterization and Reduction Technologies in a NG Heavy Duty Engine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultra-Fine Particle Emissions Characterization and Reduction Technologies in a NG Heavy Duty Engine |
| title_short | Ultra-Fine Particle Emissions Characterization and Reduction Technologies in a NG Heavy Duty Engine |
| title_sort | ultra fine particle emissions characterization and reduction technologies in a ng heavy duty engine |
| topic | natural gas engine sub23 particle emissions particle filter lube oil |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/11/1919 |
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