Using Sodium Polyacrylate to Gel-Spin Lignin/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fiber at High Lignin Content
Lignin is the world’s most naturally abundant aromatic polymer, which makes it a sustainable raw material for engineered polymers and fiber manufacturing. Dry-jet gel-spinning was used to fabricate poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers having 30% or more of the lignin biopolymer. To achieve this goal, 0....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/13/2736 |
| _version_ | 1797408318380048384 |
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| author | Manik Chandra Biswas Ericka Ford |
| author_facet | Manik Chandra Biswas Ericka Ford |
| author_sort | Manik Chandra Biswas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lignin is the world’s most naturally abundant aromatic polymer, which makes it a sustainable raw material for engineered polymers and fiber manufacturing. Dry-jet gel-spinning was used to fabricate poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers having 30% or more of the lignin biopolymer. To achieve this goal, 0.45 wt.% of aqueous sodium polyacrylate (SPA, at 0.55 wt.% solids) was added to spinning dopes of PVA dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). SPA served to enable the spinning of fibers having high lignin content (i.e., above 30%) while eliminating the aging of as-spun gel fiber prior to elevated temperature drawing. SPA impedes the migration of acetone soluble lignin from the skin of as-spun gel fibers, because SPA is insoluble in acetone, which is also a nonsolvent coagulant for PVA. PVA fibers having 30% lignin exhibited the highest tenacity of 1.3 cN/dtex (centinewton/decitex) and specific modulus 35.7 cN/dtex. The drawn fiber of 70% lignin to PVA, showed tenacity and specific modulus values of 0.94 cN/dtex and 35.3 cN/dtex, respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed evidence of hydrogen bonding between lignin and PVA among the drawn fibers. The modification of PVA/lignin dopes with SPA, therefore, allowed for the fabrication of gel-spun biobased fibers without the previously required step of gel aging. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:56:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9d422caeff214b96b0bffd4dcf22e3ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:56:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d422caeff214b96b0bffd4dcf22e3ff2023-12-03T14:19:22ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-07-011413273610.3390/polym14132736Using Sodium Polyacrylate to Gel-Spin Lignin/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fiber at High Lignin ContentManik Chandra Biswas0Ericka Ford1Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, 1020 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USADepartment of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, The Nonwovens Institute, North Carolina State University, 1020 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USALignin is the world’s most naturally abundant aromatic polymer, which makes it a sustainable raw material for engineered polymers and fiber manufacturing. Dry-jet gel-spinning was used to fabricate poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers having 30% or more of the lignin biopolymer. To achieve this goal, 0.45 wt.% of aqueous sodium polyacrylate (SPA, at 0.55 wt.% solids) was added to spinning dopes of PVA dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). SPA served to enable the spinning of fibers having high lignin content (i.e., above 30%) while eliminating the aging of as-spun gel fiber prior to elevated temperature drawing. SPA impedes the migration of acetone soluble lignin from the skin of as-spun gel fibers, because SPA is insoluble in acetone, which is also a nonsolvent coagulant for PVA. PVA fibers having 30% lignin exhibited the highest tenacity of 1.3 cN/dtex (centinewton/decitex) and specific modulus 35.7 cN/dtex. The drawn fiber of 70% lignin to PVA, showed tenacity and specific modulus values of 0.94 cN/dtex and 35.3 cN/dtex, respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed evidence of hydrogen bonding between lignin and PVA among the drawn fibers. The modification of PVA/lignin dopes with SPA, therefore, allowed for the fabrication of gel-spun biobased fibers without the previously required step of gel aging.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/13/2736bio-based precursorlignin/PVA fibergreen/eco-compositesprocess enhancementgel aging eliminationcontinuous process |
| spellingShingle | Manik Chandra Biswas Ericka Ford Using Sodium Polyacrylate to Gel-Spin Lignin/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fiber at High Lignin Content Polymers bio-based precursor lignin/PVA fiber green/eco-composites process enhancement gel aging elimination continuous process |
| title | Using Sodium Polyacrylate to Gel-Spin Lignin/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fiber at High Lignin Content |
| title_full | Using Sodium Polyacrylate to Gel-Spin Lignin/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fiber at High Lignin Content |
| title_fullStr | Using Sodium Polyacrylate to Gel-Spin Lignin/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fiber at High Lignin Content |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using Sodium Polyacrylate to Gel-Spin Lignin/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fiber at High Lignin Content |
| title_short | Using Sodium Polyacrylate to Gel-Spin Lignin/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fiber at High Lignin Content |
| title_sort | using sodium polyacrylate to gel spin lignin poly vinyl alcohol fiber at high lignin content |
| topic | bio-based precursor lignin/PVA fiber green/eco-composites process enhancement gel aging elimination continuous process |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/13/2736 |
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