Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Reveals Stage-Specific Metabolic Signatures of Ankylosing Spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of chronic rheumatic immune disease, and the crucial point of AS treatment is identifying the correct stage of the disease. However, there is a lack of effective diagnostic methods for AS staging. The primary objective of this study was to perform an untargeted...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/10/1058 |
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| author | Yixuan Guo Shuangshuang Wei Mengdi Yin Dandan Cao Yiling Li Chengping Wen Jia Zhou |
| author_facet | Yixuan Guo Shuangshuang Wei Mengdi Yin Dandan Cao Yiling Li Chengping Wen Jia Zhou |
| author_sort | Yixuan Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of chronic rheumatic immune disease, and the crucial point of AS treatment is identifying the correct stage of the disease. However, there is a lack of effective diagnostic methods for AS staging. The primary objective of this study was to perform an untargeted metabolomic approach in AS patients in an effort to reveal metabolic differences between patients in remission and acute stages. Serum samples from 40 controls and 57 AS patients were analyzed via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Twenty-four kinds of differential metabolites were identified between the healthy controls and AS patients, mainly involving valine/leucine/isoleucine biosynthesis and degradation, phenylalanine/tyrosine/tryptophan biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, etc. Furthermore, the levels of fatty acids (linoleate, dodecanoate, hexadecanoate, and octadecanoate), amino acids (serine and pyroglutamate), 2-hydroxybutanoate, glucose, etc., were lower in patients in the acute stage than those in the remission stage, which may be associated with the aggravated inflammatory response and elevated oxidative stress in the acute stage. Multiple stage-specific metabolites were significantly correlated with inflammatory indicators (CRP and ESR). In addition, the combination of serum 2-hydroxybutanoate and hexadecanoate plays a significant role in the diagnosis of AS stages. These metabolomics-based findings provide new perspectives for AS staging, treatment, and pathogenesis studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:03:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9d58b4c1ba784215b5a27bb5292ff268 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:03:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d58b4c1ba784215b5a27bb5292ff2682023-11-19T17:19:51ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892023-10-011310105810.3390/metabo13101058Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Reveals Stage-Specific Metabolic Signatures of Ankylosing SpondylitisYixuan Guo0Shuangshuang Wei1Mengdi Yin2Dandan Cao3Yiling Li4Chengping Wen5Jia Zhou6Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, ChinaInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, ChinaInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, ChinaInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, ChinaInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, ChinaInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, ChinaInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, ChinaAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of chronic rheumatic immune disease, and the crucial point of AS treatment is identifying the correct stage of the disease. However, there is a lack of effective diagnostic methods for AS staging. The primary objective of this study was to perform an untargeted metabolomic approach in AS patients in an effort to reveal metabolic differences between patients in remission and acute stages. Serum samples from 40 controls and 57 AS patients were analyzed via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Twenty-four kinds of differential metabolites were identified between the healthy controls and AS patients, mainly involving valine/leucine/isoleucine biosynthesis and degradation, phenylalanine/tyrosine/tryptophan biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, etc. Furthermore, the levels of fatty acids (linoleate, dodecanoate, hexadecanoate, and octadecanoate), amino acids (serine and pyroglutamate), 2-hydroxybutanoate, glucose, etc., were lower in patients in the acute stage than those in the remission stage, which may be associated with the aggravated inflammatory response and elevated oxidative stress in the acute stage. Multiple stage-specific metabolites were significantly correlated with inflammatory indicators (CRP and ESR). In addition, the combination of serum 2-hydroxybutanoate and hexadecanoate plays a significant role in the diagnosis of AS stages. These metabolomics-based findings provide new perspectives for AS staging, treatment, and pathogenesis studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/10/1058ankylosing spondylitismetabolomicsgas chromatography–mass spectrometryacute and remission stages |
| spellingShingle | Yixuan Guo Shuangshuang Wei Mengdi Yin Dandan Cao Yiling Li Chengping Wen Jia Zhou Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Reveals Stage-Specific Metabolic Signatures of Ankylosing Spondylitis Metabolites ankylosing spondylitis metabolomics gas chromatography–mass spectrometry acute and remission stages |
| title | Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Reveals Stage-Specific Metabolic Signatures of Ankylosing Spondylitis |
| title_full | Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Reveals Stage-Specific Metabolic Signatures of Ankylosing Spondylitis |
| title_fullStr | Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Reveals Stage-Specific Metabolic Signatures of Ankylosing Spondylitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Reveals Stage-Specific Metabolic Signatures of Ankylosing Spondylitis |
| title_short | Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Reveals Stage-Specific Metabolic Signatures of Ankylosing Spondylitis |
| title_sort | gas chromatography mass spectrometry reveals stage specific metabolic signatures of ankylosing spondylitis |
| topic | ankylosing spondylitis metabolomics gas chromatography–mass spectrometry acute and remission stages |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/10/1058 |
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