Soil Moisture Assimilation Improves Terrestrial Biosphere Model GPP Responses to Sub-Annual Drought at Continental Scale
Due to the substantial gross exchange fluxes with the atmosphere, the terrestrial carbon cycle plays a significant role in the global carbon budget. Drought commonly affects terrestrial carbon absorption negatively. Terrestrial biosphere models exhibit significant uncertainties in capturing the carb...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/3/676 |
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| author | Xiuli Xing Mousong Wu Marko Scholze Thomas Kaminski Michael Vossbeck Zhengyao Lu Songhan Wang Wei He Weimin Ju Fei Jiang |
| author_facet | Xiuli Xing Mousong Wu Marko Scholze Thomas Kaminski Michael Vossbeck Zhengyao Lu Songhan Wang Wei He Weimin Ju Fei Jiang |
| author_sort | Xiuli Xing |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to the substantial gross exchange fluxes with the atmosphere, the terrestrial carbon cycle plays a significant role in the global carbon budget. Drought commonly affects terrestrial carbon absorption negatively. Terrestrial biosphere models exhibit significant uncertainties in capturing the carbon flux response to drought, which have an impact on estimates of the global carbon budget. Through plant physiological processes, soil moisture tightly regulates the carbon cycle in the environment. Therefore, accurate observations of soil moisture may enhance the modeling of carbon fluxes in a model–data fusion framework. We employ the Carbon Cycle Data Assimilation System (CCDAS) to assimilate 36-year satellite-derived surface soil moisture observations in combination with flask samples of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations. We find that, compared to the default model, the performance of optimized net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and gross primary productivity (GPP) has increased with the RMSEs reduced by 1.62 gC/m<sup>2</sup>/month and 10.84 gC/m<sup>2</sup>/month, which indicates the added value of the ESA-CCI soil moisture observations as a constraint on the terrestrial carbon cycle. Additionally, the combination of soil moisture and CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in this study improves the representation of inter-annual variability of terrestrial carbon fluxes as well as the atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> growth rate. We thereby investigate the ability of the optimized GPP in responding to drought by comparing continentally aggregated GPP with the drought index. The assimilation of surface soil moisture has been shown to efficiently capture the influences of the sub-annual (≤9 months drought durations) and large-scale (e.g., regional to continental scales) droughts on GPP. This study highlights the significant potential of satellite soil moisture for constraining inter-annual models of the terrestrial biosphere’s carbon cycle and for illustrating how GPP responds to drought at a continental scale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:27:31Z |
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| id | doaj.art-9d770e9e0b0844f5b4532ca1ddb68e5d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:27:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d770e9e0b0844f5b4532ca1ddb68e5d2023-11-16T17:52:39ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922023-01-0115367610.3390/rs15030676Soil Moisture Assimilation Improves Terrestrial Biosphere Model GPP Responses to Sub-Annual Drought at Continental ScaleXiuli Xing0Mousong Wu1Marko Scholze2Thomas Kaminski3Michael Vossbeck4Zhengyao Lu5Songhan Wang6Wei He7Weimin Ju8Fei Jiang9International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaInternational Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaDepartment of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, SE-22362 Lund, SwedenThe Inversion Lab, 20249 Hamburg, GermanyThe Inversion Lab, 20249 Hamburg, GermanyDepartment of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, SE-22362 Lund, SwedenCollege of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaInternational Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaInternational Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaInternational Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaDue to the substantial gross exchange fluxes with the atmosphere, the terrestrial carbon cycle plays a significant role in the global carbon budget. Drought commonly affects terrestrial carbon absorption negatively. Terrestrial biosphere models exhibit significant uncertainties in capturing the carbon flux response to drought, which have an impact on estimates of the global carbon budget. Through plant physiological processes, soil moisture tightly regulates the carbon cycle in the environment. Therefore, accurate observations of soil moisture may enhance the modeling of carbon fluxes in a model–data fusion framework. We employ the Carbon Cycle Data Assimilation System (CCDAS) to assimilate 36-year satellite-derived surface soil moisture observations in combination with flask samples of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations. We find that, compared to the default model, the performance of optimized net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and gross primary productivity (GPP) has increased with the RMSEs reduced by 1.62 gC/m<sup>2</sup>/month and 10.84 gC/m<sup>2</sup>/month, which indicates the added value of the ESA-CCI soil moisture observations as a constraint on the terrestrial carbon cycle. Additionally, the combination of soil moisture and CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in this study improves the representation of inter-annual variability of terrestrial carbon fluxes as well as the atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> growth rate. We thereby investigate the ability of the optimized GPP in responding to drought by comparing continentally aggregated GPP with the drought index. The assimilation of surface soil moisture has been shown to efficiently capture the influences of the sub-annual (≤9 months drought durations) and large-scale (e.g., regional to continental scales) droughts on GPP. This study highlights the significant potential of satellite soil moisture for constraining inter-annual models of the terrestrial biosphere’s carbon cycle and for illustrating how GPP responds to drought at a continental scale.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/3/676gross primary productivitydroughtcarbon cycle data assimilation systemESA-CCI soil moisture |
| spellingShingle | Xiuli Xing Mousong Wu Marko Scholze Thomas Kaminski Michael Vossbeck Zhengyao Lu Songhan Wang Wei He Weimin Ju Fei Jiang Soil Moisture Assimilation Improves Terrestrial Biosphere Model GPP Responses to Sub-Annual Drought at Continental Scale Remote Sensing gross primary productivity drought carbon cycle data assimilation system ESA-CCI soil moisture |
| title | Soil Moisture Assimilation Improves Terrestrial Biosphere Model GPP Responses to Sub-Annual Drought at Continental Scale |
| title_full | Soil Moisture Assimilation Improves Terrestrial Biosphere Model GPP Responses to Sub-Annual Drought at Continental Scale |
| title_fullStr | Soil Moisture Assimilation Improves Terrestrial Biosphere Model GPP Responses to Sub-Annual Drought at Continental Scale |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soil Moisture Assimilation Improves Terrestrial Biosphere Model GPP Responses to Sub-Annual Drought at Continental Scale |
| title_short | Soil Moisture Assimilation Improves Terrestrial Biosphere Model GPP Responses to Sub-Annual Drought at Continental Scale |
| title_sort | soil moisture assimilation improves terrestrial biosphere model gpp responses to sub annual drought at continental scale |
| topic | gross primary productivity drought carbon cycle data assimilation system ESA-CCI soil moisture |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/3/676 |
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