Corneal confocal microscopy demonstrates axonal loss in different courses of multiple sclerosis
Abstract Axonal loss is the main determinant of disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to assess the utility of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) in detecting corneal axonal loss in different courses of MS. The results were confirmed by two independent segmentation methods....
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01226-1 |
| _version_ | 1818933372522594304 |
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| author | Ioannis N. Petropoulos Kathryn C. Fitzgerald Jonathan Oakley Georgios Ponirakis Adnan Khan Hoda Gad Pooja George Dirk Deleu Beatriz G. Canibano Naveed Akhtar Ashfaq Shuaib Ahmed Own Taimur Malik Daniel B. Russakoff Joseph L. Mankowski Stuti L. Misra Charles N. J. McGhee Peter Calabresi Shiv Saidha Saadat Kamran Rayaz A. Malik |
| author_facet | Ioannis N. Petropoulos Kathryn C. Fitzgerald Jonathan Oakley Georgios Ponirakis Adnan Khan Hoda Gad Pooja George Dirk Deleu Beatriz G. Canibano Naveed Akhtar Ashfaq Shuaib Ahmed Own Taimur Malik Daniel B. Russakoff Joseph L. Mankowski Stuti L. Misra Charles N. J. McGhee Peter Calabresi Shiv Saidha Saadat Kamran Rayaz A. Malik |
| author_sort | Ioannis N. Petropoulos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Axonal loss is the main determinant of disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to assess the utility of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) in detecting corneal axonal loss in different courses of MS. The results were confirmed by two independent segmentation methods. 72 subjects (144 eyes) [(clinically isolated syndrome (n = 9); relapsing–remitting MS (n = 20); secondary-progressive MS (n = 22); and age-matched, healthy controls (n = 21)] underwent CCM and assessment of their disability status. Two independent algorithms (ACCMetrics; and Voxeleron deepNerve) were used to quantify corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD) (ACCMetrics only), corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) and corneal nerve fractal dimension (CNFrD). Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation with 95% confidence interval (CI). Compared to controls, patients with MS had significantly lower CNFD (34.76 ± 5.57 vs. 19.85 ± 6.75 fibers/mm2, 95% CI − 18.24 to − 11.59, P < .0001), CNFL [for ACCMetrics: 19.75 ± 2.39 vs. 12.40 ± 3.30 mm/mm2, 95% CI − 8.94 to − 5.77, P < .0001; for deepNerve: 21.98 ± 2.76 vs. 14.40 ± 4.17 mm/mm2, 95% CI − 9.55 to − 5.6, P < .0001] and CNFrD [for ACCMetrics: 1.52 ± 0.02 vs. 1.45 ± 0.04, 95% CI − 0.09 to − 0.05, P < .0001; for deepNerve: 1.29 ± 0.03 vs. 1.19 ± 0.07, 95% − 0.13 to − 0.07, P < .0001]. Corneal nerve parameters were comparably reduced in different courses of MS. There was excellent reproducibility between the algorithms. Significant corneal axonal loss is detected in different courses of MS including patients with clinically isolated syndrome. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:47:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9d7dac5ed8594004baea67b426f557e9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:47:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d7dac5ed8594004baea67b426f557e92022-12-21T19:52:57ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222021-11-011111910.1038/s41598-021-01226-1Corneal confocal microscopy demonstrates axonal loss in different courses of multiple sclerosisIoannis N. Petropoulos0Kathryn C. Fitzgerald1Jonathan Oakley2Georgios Ponirakis3Adnan Khan4Hoda Gad5Pooja George6Dirk Deleu7Beatriz G. Canibano8Naveed Akhtar9Ashfaq Shuaib10Ahmed Own11Taimur Malik12Daniel B. Russakoff13Joseph L. Mankowski14Stuti L. Misra15Charles N. J. McGhee16Peter Calabresi17Shiv Saidha18Saadat Kamran19Rayaz A. Malik20Research Division, Qatar Foundation, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar of Cornell UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineVoxeleron LLCResearch Division, Qatar Foundation, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar of Cornell UniversityResearch Division, Qatar Foundation, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar of Cornell UniversityResearch Division, Qatar Foundation, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar of Cornell UniversityNeuroscience Institute, Hamad General HospitalNeuroscience Institute, Hamad General HospitalNeuroscience Institute, Hamad General HospitalNeuroscience Institute, Hamad General HospitalNeuroscience Institute, Hamad General HospitalNeuroscience Institute, Hamad General HospitalDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineVoxeleron LLCDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineDepartment of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, University of AucklandDepartment of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, University of AucklandDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineNeuroscience Institute, Hamad General HospitalResearch Division, Qatar Foundation, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar of Cornell UniversityAbstract Axonal loss is the main determinant of disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to assess the utility of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) in detecting corneal axonal loss in different courses of MS. The results were confirmed by two independent segmentation methods. 72 subjects (144 eyes) [(clinically isolated syndrome (n = 9); relapsing–remitting MS (n = 20); secondary-progressive MS (n = 22); and age-matched, healthy controls (n = 21)] underwent CCM and assessment of their disability status. Two independent algorithms (ACCMetrics; and Voxeleron deepNerve) were used to quantify corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD) (ACCMetrics only), corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) and corneal nerve fractal dimension (CNFrD). Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation with 95% confidence interval (CI). Compared to controls, patients with MS had significantly lower CNFD (34.76 ± 5.57 vs. 19.85 ± 6.75 fibers/mm2, 95% CI − 18.24 to − 11.59, P < .0001), CNFL [for ACCMetrics: 19.75 ± 2.39 vs. 12.40 ± 3.30 mm/mm2, 95% CI − 8.94 to − 5.77, P < .0001; for deepNerve: 21.98 ± 2.76 vs. 14.40 ± 4.17 mm/mm2, 95% CI − 9.55 to − 5.6, P < .0001] and CNFrD [for ACCMetrics: 1.52 ± 0.02 vs. 1.45 ± 0.04, 95% CI − 0.09 to − 0.05, P < .0001; for deepNerve: 1.29 ± 0.03 vs. 1.19 ± 0.07, 95% − 0.13 to − 0.07, P < .0001]. Corneal nerve parameters were comparably reduced in different courses of MS. There was excellent reproducibility between the algorithms. Significant corneal axonal loss is detected in different courses of MS including patients with clinically isolated syndrome.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01226-1 |
| spellingShingle | Ioannis N. Petropoulos Kathryn C. Fitzgerald Jonathan Oakley Georgios Ponirakis Adnan Khan Hoda Gad Pooja George Dirk Deleu Beatriz G. Canibano Naveed Akhtar Ashfaq Shuaib Ahmed Own Taimur Malik Daniel B. Russakoff Joseph L. Mankowski Stuti L. Misra Charles N. J. McGhee Peter Calabresi Shiv Saidha Saadat Kamran Rayaz A. Malik Corneal confocal microscopy demonstrates axonal loss in different courses of multiple sclerosis Scientific Reports |
| title | Corneal confocal microscopy demonstrates axonal loss in different courses of multiple sclerosis |
| title_full | Corneal confocal microscopy demonstrates axonal loss in different courses of multiple sclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Corneal confocal microscopy demonstrates axonal loss in different courses of multiple sclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Corneal confocal microscopy demonstrates axonal loss in different courses of multiple sclerosis |
| title_short | Corneal confocal microscopy demonstrates axonal loss in different courses of multiple sclerosis |
| title_sort | corneal confocal microscopy demonstrates axonal loss in different courses of multiple sclerosis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01226-1 |
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