Factors influencing scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination
The prevalence of scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination varies globally. The beneficial off-target effects of BCG are proposed to be stronger amongst children who develop a BCG scar. Within an international randomised trial (‘BCG vaccination to reduce the impact of coron...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023024489 |
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| author | Paola Villanueva Nigel W. Crawford Mariana Garcia Croda Simone Collopy Bruno Araújo Jardim Tyane de Almeida Pinto Jardim Laurens Manning Michaela Lucas Helen Marshall Cristina Prat-Aymerich Alice Sawka Ketaki Sharma Darren Troeman Ushma Wadia Adilia Warris Nicholas Wood Nicole L. Messina Nigel Curtis Laure F. Pittet |
| author_facet | Paola Villanueva Nigel W. Crawford Mariana Garcia Croda Simone Collopy Bruno Araújo Jardim Tyane de Almeida Pinto Jardim Laurens Manning Michaela Lucas Helen Marshall Cristina Prat-Aymerich Alice Sawka Ketaki Sharma Darren Troeman Ushma Wadia Adilia Warris Nicholas Wood Nicole L. Messina Nigel Curtis Laure F. Pittet |
| author_sort | Paola Villanueva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The prevalence of scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination varies globally. The beneficial off-target effects of BCG are proposed to be stronger amongst children who develop a BCG scar. Within an international randomised trial (‘BCG vaccination to reduce the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare workers’; BRACE Trial), this nested prospective cohort study assessed the prevalence of and factors influencing scar formation, as well as participant perception of BCG scarring 12 months following vaccination . Amongst 3071 BCG-recipients, 2341 (76%) developed a BCG scar. Scar prevalence was lowest in Spain and highest in UK. Absence of post-injection wheal (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.2–0.9), BCG revaccination (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.3–2.0), female sex (OR 2.0, 95%CI 1.7–2.4), older age (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.4–0.5) and study country (Brazil OR 1.6, 95%CI 1.3–2.0) influenced BCG scar prevalence. Of the 2341 participants with a BCG scar, 1806 (77%) did not mind having the scar. Participants more likely to not mind were those in Brazil, males and those with a prior BCG vaccination history. The majority (96%) did not regret having the vaccine.Both vaccination-related (amenable to optimisation) and individual-related factors affected BCG scar prevalence 12 months following BCG vaccination of adults, with implications for maximising the effectiveness of BCG vaccination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:17:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9d925090db684c8a93e20673aa483f08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:17:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d925090db684c8a93e20673aa483f082023-04-29T14:55:53ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-04-0194e15241Factors influencing scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccinationPaola Villanueva0Nigel W. Crawford1Mariana Garcia Croda2Simone Collopy3Bruno Araújo Jardim4Tyane de Almeida Pinto Jardim5Laurens Manning6Michaela Lucas7Helen Marshall8Cristina Prat-Aymerich9Alice Sawka10Ketaki Sharma11Darren Troeman12Ushma Wadia13Adilia Warris14Nicholas Wood15Nicole L. Messina16Nigel Curtis17Laure F. Pittet18Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Infectious Diseases, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Corresponding author.Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Immunisation Service, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, AustraliaSchool of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, BrazilDepartment of Pediatrics, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilCarlos Borborema Clinical Research Institute, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, BrazilCarlos Borborema Clinical Research Institute, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, BrazilWesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, AustraliaSchool of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Immunology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia; Departments of Immunology, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Immunology, Pathwest, QE2 Medical Centre, Perth, WA, AustraliaRobinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide and Department of Paediatrics, The Women's and Children's Health Network, AustraliaJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, CIBER de enfermedades respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya, Badalona, SpainDepartment of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaNational Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, AustraliaJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, NetherlandsWesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, AustraliaMedical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UKNational Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW, AustraliaDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, AustraliaDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Infectious Diseases, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Corresponding author. Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Infectious Diseases, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, SwitzerlandThe prevalence of scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination varies globally. The beneficial off-target effects of BCG are proposed to be stronger amongst children who develop a BCG scar. Within an international randomised trial (‘BCG vaccination to reduce the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare workers’; BRACE Trial), this nested prospective cohort study assessed the prevalence of and factors influencing scar formation, as well as participant perception of BCG scarring 12 months following vaccination . Amongst 3071 BCG-recipients, 2341 (76%) developed a BCG scar. Scar prevalence was lowest in Spain and highest in UK. Absence of post-injection wheal (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.2–0.9), BCG revaccination (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.3–2.0), female sex (OR 2.0, 95%CI 1.7–2.4), older age (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.4–0.5) and study country (Brazil OR 1.6, 95%CI 1.3–2.0) influenced BCG scar prevalence. Of the 2341 participants with a BCG scar, 1806 (77%) did not mind having the scar. Participants more likely to not mind were those in Brazil, males and those with a prior BCG vaccination history. The majority (96%) did not regret having the vaccine.Both vaccination-related (amenable to optimisation) and individual-related factors affected BCG scar prevalence 12 months following BCG vaccination of adults, with implications for maximising the effectiveness of BCG vaccination.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023024489BCG vaccineBCG scarVaccination techniqueVaccine safety |
| spellingShingle | Paola Villanueva Nigel W. Crawford Mariana Garcia Croda Simone Collopy Bruno Araújo Jardim Tyane de Almeida Pinto Jardim Laurens Manning Michaela Lucas Helen Marshall Cristina Prat-Aymerich Alice Sawka Ketaki Sharma Darren Troeman Ushma Wadia Adilia Warris Nicholas Wood Nicole L. Messina Nigel Curtis Laure F. Pittet Factors influencing scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination Heliyon BCG vaccine BCG scar Vaccination technique Vaccine safety |
| title | Factors influencing scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination |
| title_full | Factors influencing scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination |
| title_fullStr | Factors influencing scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination |
| title_full_unstemmed | Factors influencing scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination |
| title_short | Factors influencing scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination |
| title_sort | factors influencing scar formation following bacille calmette guerin bcg vaccination |
| topic | BCG vaccine BCG scar Vaccination technique Vaccine safety |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023024489 |
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