Upconversion Luminescence from Sol-Gel-Derived Erbium- and Ytterbium-Doped BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Film Structures and the Target Form
Sol-gel technology has attracted attention in the fabrication of diverse luminescent materials and thin film structures, with forms that range from powders to microcavities. The optical properties of sol-gel-derived structures depend on the sol composition, deposition, and heat treatment conditions,...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Photonics |
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| author | Nikolai V. Gaponenko Nikolai I. Staskov Larisa V. Sudnik Petr A. Vityaz Alexei R. Luchanok Yuliana D. Karnilava Ekaterina I. Lashkovskaya Margarita V. Stepikhova Artem N. Yablonskiy Vadim D. Zhivulko Alexander V. Mudryi Igor L. Martynov Alexander A. Chistyakov Nikolai I. Kargin Vladimir A. Labunov Yuriy V. Radyush Eugene B. Chubenko Victor Yu. Timoshenko |
| author_facet | Nikolai V. Gaponenko Nikolai I. Staskov Larisa V. Sudnik Petr A. Vityaz Alexei R. Luchanok Yuliana D. Karnilava Ekaterina I. Lashkovskaya Margarita V. Stepikhova Artem N. Yablonskiy Vadim D. Zhivulko Alexander V. Mudryi Igor L. Martynov Alexander A. Chistyakov Nikolai I. Kargin Vladimir A. Labunov Yuriy V. Radyush Eugene B. Chubenko Victor Yu. Timoshenko |
| author_sort | Nikolai V. Gaponenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sol-gel technology has attracted attention in the fabrication of diverse luminescent materials and thin film structures, with forms that range from powders to microcavities. The optical properties of sol-gel-derived structures depend on the sol composition, deposition, and heat treatment conditions, as well as on the film thicknesses and other factors. Investigations on the upconversion luminescence of lanthanides in film structures and materials are also ongoing. In this study, we synthesized three different types of materials and film structures using the same sol, which corresponded to a Ba<sub>0.76</sub>Er<sub>0.04</sub>Yb<sub>0.20</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> xerogel, as follows: (a) the target form, which used the explosive compaction method for sol-gel-derived powder; (b) single-layer spin-on xerogel films annealed at 450 and 800 °C; and (c) microcavities with an undoped SiO<sub>2</sub>/BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Bragg reflector surrounding a Ba<sub>0.76</sub>Er<sub>0.04</sub>Yb<sub>0.20</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> active layer. The BaTiO<sub>3</sub>:(Er,Yb)/SiO<sub>2</sub> microcavity exhibited an enhancement of the upconversion luminescence when compared to the BaTiO<sub>3</sub>:(Er,Yb) double-layer film fabricated directly on a crystalline silicon substrate. The reflection spectra of the BaTiO<sub>3</sub>:(Er, Yb)/SiO<sub>2</sub> microcavity annealed at 800 °C demonstrated a deviation of the maxima of the reflection within 15% for temperature measurements ranging from 26 to 120 °C. From the analyses of the transmission and reflection spectra, the optical band gap for the indirect optical transition in the single layer of the BaTiO<sub>3</sub>:(Er,Yb) spin-on film annealed at 450 °C was estimated to be 3.82 eV, while that for the film annealed at 800 °C was approximately 3.87 eV. The optical properties, upconversion luminescence, and potential applications of the BaTiO<sub>3</sub>:(Er,Yb) sol-gel-derived materials and structures are discussed in this paper. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:37:28Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:37:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d9c0c10242547cf93276386bb3efc2c2023-11-17T20:56:57ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322023-03-0110435910.3390/photonics10040359Upconversion Luminescence from Sol-Gel-Derived Erbium- and Ytterbium-Doped BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Film Structures and the Target FormNikolai V. Gaponenko0Nikolai I. Staskov1Larisa V. Sudnik2Petr A. Vityaz3Alexei R. Luchanok4Yuliana D. Karnilava5Ekaterina I. Lashkovskaya6Margarita V. Stepikhova7Artem N. Yablonskiy8Vadim D. Zhivulko9Alexander V. Mudryi10Igor L. Martynov11Alexander A. Chistyakov12Nikolai I. Kargin13Vladimir A. Labunov14Yuriy V. Radyush15Eugene B. Chubenko16Victor Yu. Timoshenko17Laboratory of Nanophotonics, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Browki Street, 220013 Minsk, BelarusDepartment of Physics and Computer Technologies, Mogilev State A. Kuleshov University, 1 Kosmonavtov Street, 212022 Mogilev, BelarusState Scientific Institution “Powder Metallurgy Institute Named after Academician O. V. Roman”, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 41 Platonova Street, 220005 Minsk, BelarusState Scientific Institution “Powder Metallurgy Institute Named after Academician O. V. Roman”, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 41 Platonova Street, 220005 Minsk, BelarusState Scientific Institution “Powder Metallurgy Institute Named after Academician O. V. Roman”, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 41 Platonova Street, 220005 Minsk, BelarusLaboratory of Nanophotonics, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Browki Street, 220013 Minsk, BelarusLaboratory of Nanophotonics, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Browki Street, 220013 Minsk, BelarusInstitute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-105, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaInstitute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-105, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaScientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 19 P. Browki Street, 220072 Minsk, BelarusScientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 19 P. Browki Street, 220072 Minsk, BelarusInstitute for Nanoengineering in Electronics, Spintronics and Photonics, National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, 31 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409 Moscow, RussiaInstitute for Nanoengineering in Electronics, Spintronics and Photonics, National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, 31 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409 Moscow, RussiaInstitute for Nanoengineering in Electronics, Spintronics and Photonics, National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, 31 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409 Moscow, RussiaInstitute for Nanoengineering in Electronics, Spintronics and Photonics, National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, 31 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409 Moscow, RussiaScientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 19 P. Browki Street, 220072 Minsk, BelarusDepartment of Micro-and Nanoelectronics, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Browki Street, 220013 Minsk, BelarusFaculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Bld.2, 119991 Moscow, RussiaSol-gel technology has attracted attention in the fabrication of diverse luminescent materials and thin film structures, with forms that range from powders to microcavities. The optical properties of sol-gel-derived structures depend on the sol composition, deposition, and heat treatment conditions, as well as on the film thicknesses and other factors. Investigations on the upconversion luminescence of lanthanides in film structures and materials are also ongoing. In this study, we synthesized three different types of materials and film structures using the same sol, which corresponded to a Ba<sub>0.76</sub>Er<sub>0.04</sub>Yb<sub>0.20</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> xerogel, as follows: (a) the target form, which used the explosive compaction method for sol-gel-derived powder; (b) single-layer spin-on xerogel films annealed at 450 and 800 °C; and (c) microcavities with an undoped SiO<sub>2</sub>/BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Bragg reflector surrounding a Ba<sub>0.76</sub>Er<sub>0.04</sub>Yb<sub>0.20</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> active layer. The BaTiO<sub>3</sub>:(Er,Yb)/SiO<sub>2</sub> microcavity exhibited an enhancement of the upconversion luminescence when compared to the BaTiO<sub>3</sub>:(Er,Yb) double-layer film fabricated directly on a crystalline silicon substrate. The reflection spectra of the BaTiO<sub>3</sub>:(Er, Yb)/SiO<sub>2</sub> microcavity annealed at 800 °C demonstrated a deviation of the maxima of the reflection within 15% for temperature measurements ranging from 26 to 120 °C. From the analyses of the transmission and reflection spectra, the optical band gap for the indirect optical transition in the single layer of the BaTiO<sub>3</sub>:(Er,Yb) spin-on film annealed at 450 °C was estimated to be 3.82 eV, while that for the film annealed at 800 °C was approximately 3.87 eV. The optical properties, upconversion luminescence, and potential applications of the BaTiO<sub>3</sub>:(Er,Yb) sol-gel-derived materials and structures are discussed in this paper.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/10/4/359barium titanateerbiumytterbiumupconversionluminescencesol-gel |
| spellingShingle | Nikolai V. Gaponenko Nikolai I. Staskov Larisa V. Sudnik Petr A. Vityaz Alexei R. Luchanok Yuliana D. Karnilava Ekaterina I. Lashkovskaya Margarita V. Stepikhova Artem N. Yablonskiy Vadim D. Zhivulko Alexander V. Mudryi Igor L. Martynov Alexander A. Chistyakov Nikolai I. Kargin Vladimir A. Labunov Yuriy V. Radyush Eugene B. Chubenko Victor Yu. Timoshenko Upconversion Luminescence from Sol-Gel-Derived Erbium- and Ytterbium-Doped BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Film Structures and the Target Form Photonics barium titanate erbium ytterbium upconversion luminescence sol-gel |
| title | Upconversion Luminescence from Sol-Gel-Derived Erbium- and Ytterbium-Doped BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Film Structures and the Target Form |
| title_full | Upconversion Luminescence from Sol-Gel-Derived Erbium- and Ytterbium-Doped BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Film Structures and the Target Form |
| title_fullStr | Upconversion Luminescence from Sol-Gel-Derived Erbium- and Ytterbium-Doped BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Film Structures and the Target Form |
| title_full_unstemmed | Upconversion Luminescence from Sol-Gel-Derived Erbium- and Ytterbium-Doped BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Film Structures and the Target Form |
| title_short | Upconversion Luminescence from Sol-Gel-Derived Erbium- and Ytterbium-Doped BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Film Structures and the Target Form |
| title_sort | upconversion luminescence from sol gel derived erbium and ytterbium doped batio sub 3 sub film structures and the target form |
| topic | barium titanate erbium ytterbium upconversion luminescence sol-gel |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/10/4/359 |
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