Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Horse Gram (<i>Macrotyloma uniflorum</i> (Lam.) Verdc.) Genotypes for Horse Gram Yellow Mosaic Virus Resistance
Horse gram (<i>Macrotyloma uniflorum</i> (Lam.) Verdc.) is an under-utilized legume grown in India. It is a good source of protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins. We screened 252 horse gram germplasm accessions for horse gram yellow mosaic virus resistance using th...
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2023-01-01
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| author | Sudhagar Rajaprakasam Priyanka Shanmugavel Vanniarajan Chockalingam Souframanien Jegadeesan Tnpalayam Krishnaswamy Sukirtha Latha Saravanan Naaganoor Ananthan Raveendran Muthurajan Selvaraju Kanagarajan |
| author_facet | Sudhagar Rajaprakasam Priyanka Shanmugavel Vanniarajan Chockalingam Souframanien Jegadeesan Tnpalayam Krishnaswamy Sukirtha Latha Saravanan Naaganoor Ananthan Raveendran Muthurajan Selvaraju Kanagarajan |
| author_sort | Sudhagar Rajaprakasam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Horse gram (<i>Macrotyloma uniflorum</i> (Lam.) Verdc.) is an under-utilized legume grown in India. It is a good source of protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins. We screened 252 horse gram germplasm accessions for horse gram yellow mosaic virus resistance using the percent disease index and scaling techniques. The percentage values of highly resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, susceptible, and highly susceptible were 0.34, 13.89, 38.89, 46.43, and 0.34, respectively. Repetitive trials confirmed the host-plant resistance levels, and yield loss was assessed. The present disease index ranged from 1.2 to 72.0 and 1.2 to 73.0 during the kharif and rabi seasons of 2018, respectively. The maximum percent yield loss was noticed in the HS (75.0 –89.4), while HR possessed the minimum (1.2–2.0). The methanolic leaf extracts of highly resistant and highly susceptible genotypes with essential controls were subjected to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. Differential accumulation of metabolites was noticed, and a total of 81 metabolites representing 26 functional groups were identified. Both highly resistant and susceptible genotypes harbored eight unique classes, while ten biomolecules were common. The hierarchical cluster analysis indicated a distinct metabolite profile. Fold change in the common metabolites revealed an enhanced accumulation of sugars, alkanes, and carboxylic acids in the highly resistant genotype. The principal component analysis plots explained 93.7% of the variation. The metabolite profile showed a significant accumulation of three anti-viral (octadecanoic acid, diphenyl sulfone, and 2-Aminooxazole), one insecticidal (9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene-3,24,25-triol), one antifeedant (cucurbitacin B), and six metabolites with unknown biological function in the highly resistant genotype. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:26:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-9da76691cad647e89aeaa563e543b23a2023-11-16T22:03:48ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892023-01-0113216510.3390/metabo13020165Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Horse Gram (<i>Macrotyloma uniflorum</i> (Lam.) Verdc.) Genotypes for Horse Gram Yellow Mosaic Virus ResistanceSudhagar Rajaprakasam0Priyanka Shanmugavel1Vanniarajan Chockalingam2Souframanien Jegadeesan3Tnpalayam Krishnaswamy Sukirtha Latha4Saravanan Naaganoor Ananthan5Raveendran Muthurajan6Selvaraju Kanagarajan7Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, IndiaCentre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, IndiaAnbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Trichy 620027, Tamil Nadu, IndiaBhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, IndiaCentre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, IndiaSugarcane Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Melalathur, Vellore 635806, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDirectorate of Research, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 190, 234 22 Lomma, SwedenHorse gram (<i>Macrotyloma uniflorum</i> (Lam.) Verdc.) is an under-utilized legume grown in India. It is a good source of protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins. We screened 252 horse gram germplasm accessions for horse gram yellow mosaic virus resistance using the percent disease index and scaling techniques. The percentage values of highly resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, susceptible, and highly susceptible were 0.34, 13.89, 38.89, 46.43, and 0.34, respectively. Repetitive trials confirmed the host-plant resistance levels, and yield loss was assessed. The present disease index ranged from 1.2 to 72.0 and 1.2 to 73.0 during the kharif and rabi seasons of 2018, respectively. The maximum percent yield loss was noticed in the HS (75.0 –89.4), while HR possessed the minimum (1.2–2.0). The methanolic leaf extracts of highly resistant and highly susceptible genotypes with essential controls were subjected to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. Differential accumulation of metabolites was noticed, and a total of 81 metabolites representing 26 functional groups were identified. Both highly resistant and susceptible genotypes harbored eight unique classes, while ten biomolecules were common. The hierarchical cluster analysis indicated a distinct metabolite profile. Fold change in the common metabolites revealed an enhanced accumulation of sugars, alkanes, and carboxylic acids in the highly resistant genotype. The principal component analysis plots explained 93.7% of the variation. The metabolite profile showed a significant accumulation of three anti-viral (octadecanoic acid, diphenyl sulfone, and 2-Aminooxazole), one insecticidal (9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene-3,24,25-triol), one antifeedant (cucurbitacin B), and six metabolites with unknown biological function in the highly resistant genotype.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/2/165horse grammetabolomicsresistanceyellow mosaic virus |
| spellingShingle | Sudhagar Rajaprakasam Priyanka Shanmugavel Vanniarajan Chockalingam Souframanien Jegadeesan Tnpalayam Krishnaswamy Sukirtha Latha Saravanan Naaganoor Ananthan Raveendran Muthurajan Selvaraju Kanagarajan Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Horse Gram (<i>Macrotyloma uniflorum</i> (Lam.) Verdc.) Genotypes for Horse Gram Yellow Mosaic Virus Resistance Metabolites horse gram metabolomics resistance yellow mosaic virus |
| title | Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Horse Gram (<i>Macrotyloma uniflorum</i> (Lam.) Verdc.) Genotypes for Horse Gram Yellow Mosaic Virus Resistance |
| title_full | Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Horse Gram (<i>Macrotyloma uniflorum</i> (Lam.) Verdc.) Genotypes for Horse Gram Yellow Mosaic Virus Resistance |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Horse Gram (<i>Macrotyloma uniflorum</i> (Lam.) Verdc.) Genotypes for Horse Gram Yellow Mosaic Virus Resistance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Horse Gram (<i>Macrotyloma uniflorum</i> (Lam.) Verdc.) Genotypes for Horse Gram Yellow Mosaic Virus Resistance |
| title_short | Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Horse Gram (<i>Macrotyloma uniflorum</i> (Lam.) Verdc.) Genotypes for Horse Gram Yellow Mosaic Virus Resistance |
| title_sort | comparative metabolomic profiling of horse gram i macrotyloma uniflorum i lam verdc genotypes for horse gram yellow mosaic virus resistance |
| topic | horse gram metabolomics resistance yellow mosaic virus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/2/165 |
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