Effect of the Application of Sunflower Biochar and Leafy Trees Biochar on Soil Hydrological Properties of Fallow Soils and under Soybean Cultivation
Soils enriched with biochar are recommended as a cultivation grounds, especially in case they contain significant amount of sand. However, the interactions between biochar and plants, as well as the influence of the biochar on water retention, cultivation and air properties of soils, are still not o...
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/4/1737 |
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| author | Urszula Sadowska Tomasz Zaleski Maciej Kuboń Agnieszka Latawiec Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra Jakub Sikora Maciej Gliniak Rafał Kobyłecki Robert Zarzycki |
| author_facet | Urszula Sadowska Tomasz Zaleski Maciej Kuboń Agnieszka Latawiec Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra Jakub Sikora Maciej Gliniak Rafał Kobyłecki Robert Zarzycki |
| author_sort | Urszula Sadowska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soils enriched with biochar are recommended as a cultivation grounds, especially in case they contain significant amount of sand. However, the interactions between biochar and plants, as well as the influence of the biochar on water retention, cultivation and air properties of soils, are still not obvious. The present study aimed to determine the impact of various biochar doses on soils used for soya cultivation, in comparison to soils maintained as black fallow soil, on their water retention and productivity, for the period of two years. Sunflower husk biochar (BC1) and biochar of leafy trees (BC2), in doses of 0, 40, 60, 80 t·ha<sup>−1</sup>, were used for field experiments. The water retention was investigated with porous boards in pressure chambers by a drying method. No differences in the hydrological properties of the soils that were differently managed (black fallow soil, crop) were observed following biochar application. Addition of BC1, in the amounts of 40, 60, and 80 t·ha<sup>−1</sup>, caused an increase in the plant available water capacity (AWC) by 15.3%, 18.7%, and 13.3%, respectively, whereas the field capacity (FC) increased by 7.4%, 9.4%, and 8.6% for soils without biochar. Application of BC2 analogously resulted in higher AWC, by 8.97, 17.2%, and 33.1%, respectively, and higher FC by 3.75, 7.5%, and 18.3%, respectively. Increasing the doses of BC1 and BC2, both on black fallow soils and soils enriched with soya, caused a rise in total porosity (TP) and drainage porosity (DP), and a decrease in soil bulk density (SBD). Biochar with a higher total area and higher porosity (BC1) applied to soils with soya cultivation resulted in lower reductions in AW and FC than BC2 in the second year of investigation. |
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| id | doaj.art-9db681a03af7480b90952b854b5a8831 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:29:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-9db681a03af7480b90952b854b5a88312023-11-16T21:53:50ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-02-01164173710.3390/ma16041737Effect of the Application of Sunflower Biochar and Leafy Trees Biochar on Soil Hydrological Properties of Fallow Soils and under Soybean CultivationUrszula Sadowska0Tomasz Zaleski1Maciej Kuboń2Agnieszka Latawiec3Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra4Jakub Sikora5Maciej Gliniak6Rafał Kobyłecki7Robert Zarzycki8Department of Machinery Exploitation, Ergonomics and Production Processes, Faculty of Production Engineering and Energetics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 116 B, 30-149 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Soil Science and Agrophysics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 30-120 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Production Engineering, Logistics and Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 30-120 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Geography and Environment—Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, R. Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro 22451-000, BrazilDepartment of Agroecology and Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Economy, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza Av. 21, 31-120 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, Power Engineering and Automation, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 116B, 30-149 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, Power Engineering and Automation, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 116B, 30-149 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Advanced Energy Technologies, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dąbrowskiego 69, 42-201 Czestochowa, PolandDepartment of Advanced Energy Technologies, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dąbrowskiego 69, 42-201 Czestochowa, PolandSoils enriched with biochar are recommended as a cultivation grounds, especially in case they contain significant amount of sand. However, the interactions between biochar and plants, as well as the influence of the biochar on water retention, cultivation and air properties of soils, are still not obvious. The present study aimed to determine the impact of various biochar doses on soils used for soya cultivation, in comparison to soils maintained as black fallow soil, on their water retention and productivity, for the period of two years. Sunflower husk biochar (BC1) and biochar of leafy trees (BC2), in doses of 0, 40, 60, 80 t·ha<sup>−1</sup>, were used for field experiments. The water retention was investigated with porous boards in pressure chambers by a drying method. No differences in the hydrological properties of the soils that were differently managed (black fallow soil, crop) were observed following biochar application. Addition of BC1, in the amounts of 40, 60, and 80 t·ha<sup>−1</sup>, caused an increase in the plant available water capacity (AWC) by 15.3%, 18.7%, and 13.3%, respectively, whereas the field capacity (FC) increased by 7.4%, 9.4%, and 8.6% for soils without biochar. Application of BC2 analogously resulted in higher AWC, by 8.97, 17.2%, and 33.1%, respectively, and higher FC by 3.75, 7.5%, and 18.3%, respectively. Increasing the doses of BC1 and BC2, both on black fallow soils and soils enriched with soya, caused a rise in total porosity (TP) and drainage porosity (DP), and a decrease in soil bulk density (SBD). Biochar with a higher total area and higher porosity (BC1) applied to soils with soya cultivation resulted in lower reductions in AW and FC than BC2 in the second year of investigation.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/4/1737soil amendmentbiocharretentionsoybean porositytotal surface area |
| spellingShingle | Urszula Sadowska Tomasz Zaleski Maciej Kuboń Agnieszka Latawiec Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra Jakub Sikora Maciej Gliniak Rafał Kobyłecki Robert Zarzycki Effect of the Application of Sunflower Biochar and Leafy Trees Biochar on Soil Hydrological Properties of Fallow Soils and under Soybean Cultivation Materials soil amendment biochar retention soybean porosity total surface area |
| title | Effect of the Application of Sunflower Biochar and Leafy Trees Biochar on Soil Hydrological Properties of Fallow Soils and under Soybean Cultivation |
| title_full | Effect of the Application of Sunflower Biochar and Leafy Trees Biochar on Soil Hydrological Properties of Fallow Soils and under Soybean Cultivation |
| title_fullStr | Effect of the Application of Sunflower Biochar and Leafy Trees Biochar on Soil Hydrological Properties of Fallow Soils and under Soybean Cultivation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of the Application of Sunflower Biochar and Leafy Trees Biochar on Soil Hydrological Properties of Fallow Soils and under Soybean Cultivation |
| title_short | Effect of the Application of Sunflower Biochar and Leafy Trees Biochar on Soil Hydrological Properties of Fallow Soils and under Soybean Cultivation |
| title_sort | effect of the application of sunflower biochar and leafy trees biochar on soil hydrological properties of fallow soils and under soybean cultivation |
| topic | soil amendment biochar retention soybean porosity total surface area |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/4/1737 |
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