Epidemiology of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and risk factors among adult women in Tigray, Ethiopia.
<h4>Background</h4>Cervical cancer is a preventable disease if treated early, but remains the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in low and middle-income countries. Data on epidemiology and risk factors in these settings are scarce. This study aimed to assess th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280191 |
| _version_ | 1797866041978650624 |
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| author | Gerezgiher B Abera Henock G Yebyo Haftamu Hailekiros Selam Niguse Yibrah Berhe Goitom Gigar Tsehaye Asmelash Gelila Goba |
| author_facet | Gerezgiher B Abera Henock G Yebyo Haftamu Hailekiros Selam Niguse Yibrah Berhe Goitom Gigar Tsehaye Asmelash Gelila Goba |
| author_sort | Gerezgiher B Abera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Cervical cancer is a preventable disease if treated early, but remains the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in low and middle-income countries. Data on epidemiology and risk factors in these settings are scarce. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesions and risk factors in Tigray region, Ethiopia.<h4>Methods</h4>A community-based, cross-sectional study was used and 900 participants were 30 recruited using multistage sampling and finally data from 883 were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire and screening with visual inspection with ascetic acid. Data were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire and screening with visual inspection with acetic acid from March 2016 to June 2017. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate predictors.<h4>Results</h4>Seventy-nine (8.95%) women were positive for pre-cancer lesion and 35 (3.96%) were suspicious for cervical cancer. We used relative risk ratio (rrr) to estimate the strength of association. Divorced or widowed women had 2.5 and 4.7 times more risk of being positive and suspicious respectively, compared to single women (rrr = 2.5, 95% CI [1.13, 5.52]); (rrr = 4.69, 95% CI [1.00, 21.84]). The risk of having a suspicious result was 68% lower for women with primary education compared to those with no formal education (rrr = 0.32, 95% CI [1.00, 21.84]). History of sexually transmitted infection was associated with positive pre cancer lesion (rrr = 1.91, 95% CI [1.11, 3.27]) whereas, being farmer (rrr = 4.83, 95% CI [1.44, 16.13]), merchant (rrr = 4.85, 95% CI [1.52, 15.46]), bleeding between periods (rrr = 3.26, 95% CI [1.32, 8.04]) and pelvic or back pain (rrr = 2.79, 95% CI [1.18, 6.58]) were associated with suspicious for cancer.<h4>Conclusion</h4>About 8.9% and 3.96% of the women were positive for pre-cancerous cervical lesion and suspicious for cancer, respectively. The prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesion is high as compared to other regional prevalence in the country. Marital status, education, sexually transmitted infection, bleeding, and pelvic pain were risk factors of pre-cancerous cervical lesion'. This finding implies that the sexual exposure, having no permanent husband and being not educated attributes to the high prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and may aggravate the transmission of HPV." |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:17:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9dc5877d00b64144a1cfaec12b471d3c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:17:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-9dc5877d00b64144a1cfaec12b471d3c2023-03-22T05:31:22ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032023-01-01181e028019110.1371/journal.pone.0280191Epidemiology of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and risk factors among adult women in Tigray, Ethiopia.Gerezgiher B AberaHenock G YebyoHaftamu HailekirosSelam NiguseYibrah BerheGoitom GigarTsehaye AsmelashGelila Goba<h4>Background</h4>Cervical cancer is a preventable disease if treated early, but remains the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in low and middle-income countries. Data on epidemiology and risk factors in these settings are scarce. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesions and risk factors in Tigray region, Ethiopia.<h4>Methods</h4>A community-based, cross-sectional study was used and 900 participants were 30 recruited using multistage sampling and finally data from 883 were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire and screening with visual inspection with ascetic acid. Data were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire and screening with visual inspection with acetic acid from March 2016 to June 2017. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate predictors.<h4>Results</h4>Seventy-nine (8.95%) women were positive for pre-cancer lesion and 35 (3.96%) were suspicious for cervical cancer. We used relative risk ratio (rrr) to estimate the strength of association. Divorced or widowed women had 2.5 and 4.7 times more risk of being positive and suspicious respectively, compared to single women (rrr = 2.5, 95% CI [1.13, 5.52]); (rrr = 4.69, 95% CI [1.00, 21.84]). The risk of having a suspicious result was 68% lower for women with primary education compared to those with no formal education (rrr = 0.32, 95% CI [1.00, 21.84]). History of sexually transmitted infection was associated with positive pre cancer lesion (rrr = 1.91, 95% CI [1.11, 3.27]) whereas, being farmer (rrr = 4.83, 95% CI [1.44, 16.13]), merchant (rrr = 4.85, 95% CI [1.52, 15.46]), bleeding between periods (rrr = 3.26, 95% CI [1.32, 8.04]) and pelvic or back pain (rrr = 2.79, 95% CI [1.18, 6.58]) were associated with suspicious for cancer.<h4>Conclusion</h4>About 8.9% and 3.96% of the women were positive for pre-cancerous cervical lesion and suspicious for cancer, respectively. The prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesion is high as compared to other regional prevalence in the country. Marital status, education, sexually transmitted infection, bleeding, and pelvic pain were risk factors of pre-cancerous cervical lesion'. This finding implies that the sexual exposure, having no permanent husband and being not educated attributes to the high prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and may aggravate the transmission of HPV."https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280191 |
| spellingShingle | Gerezgiher B Abera Henock G Yebyo Haftamu Hailekiros Selam Niguse Yibrah Berhe Goitom Gigar Tsehaye Asmelash Gelila Goba Epidemiology of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and risk factors among adult women in Tigray, Ethiopia. PLoS ONE |
| title | Epidemiology of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and risk factors among adult women in Tigray, Ethiopia. |
| title_full | Epidemiology of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and risk factors among adult women in Tigray, Ethiopia. |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and risk factors among adult women in Tigray, Ethiopia. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and risk factors among adult women in Tigray, Ethiopia. |
| title_short | Epidemiology of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and risk factors among adult women in Tigray, Ethiopia. |
| title_sort | epidemiology of pre cancerous cervical lesion and risk factors among adult women in tigray ethiopia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280191 |
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