Selection of Materials Used in Viscous Clutch With ER Fluid Working in Special Conditions
This article presents considerations regarding materials used to fabricate a hydraulic clutch with an ER fluid operating in non-standard working conditions. The hydraulic clutch was a subassembly of the device used for exerting a controlled force on the stationary object. This clutch was driven by a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmats.2019.00139/full |
| _version_ | 1828394879676317696 |
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| author | Artur Olszak Karol Osowski Przemysław Motyl Grzegorz Mędrek Jan Zwolak Andrzej Kęsy Zbigniew Kęsy Seung-Bok Choi |
| author_facet | Artur Olszak Karol Osowski Przemysław Motyl Grzegorz Mędrek Jan Zwolak Andrzej Kęsy Zbigniew Kęsy Seung-Bok Choi |
| author_sort | Artur Olszak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article presents considerations regarding materials used to fabricate a hydraulic clutch with an ER fluid operating in non-standard working conditions. The hydraulic clutch was a subassembly of the device used for exerting a controlled force on the stationary object. This clutch was driven by an electric motor. The force was controlled by changing the shear stresses in the ER fluid. Shear stresses were changed in two ways: by changing the angular velocity of the electric motor and by changing the high voltage applied to the electrodes located on the driving part and the driven part of the clutch. The increase in these stresses caused an increase in the torque transmitted and an increase in the pressure force. In order to construct the clutch, mathematical models based on the Bingham model were developed, which took into account the influence of temperature and humidity on the shear stress in the ER fluid, allowing calculation of the clutch performance. In addition, numerical calculations of the temperature distribution inside the clutch were carried out using the ANSYS program because of the intense heat generation during the clutch operation. The developed mathematical models were used to optimize the clutch. The aim of the optimization was to obtain a high transmitted torque with small dimensions of the clutch, taking into account the thermal capacity of the clutch. Based on the optimization results, a prototype of a hydraulic clutch with an ER fluid was designed and made, assuming that for metal materials their anti-corrosion properties are the most important, since the presence of conductive metal oxides causes electrical breakdowns. The plastics used in the clutch prototype were mainly evaluated for insulating properties and high temperature resistance. When choosing the ER fluid, its sensitivity to temperature and humidity as well as durability were taken into account. The clutch prototype has been tested on a specially built test rig. The test results confirmed the proper selection of both construction materials and ER fluids. Based on the results of these tests, guidelines for the construction of clutches with ER fluids were formulated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:01:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9dc83b50e7fc49a288a474465cb95280 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-8016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:01:58Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-9dc83b50e7fc49a288a474465cb952802022-12-22T01:56:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Materials2296-80162019-06-01610.3389/fmats.2019.00139433672Selection of Materials Used in Viscous Clutch With ER Fluid Working in Special ConditionsArtur Olszak0Karol Osowski1Przemysław Motyl2Grzegorz Mędrek3Jan Zwolak4Andrzej Kęsy5Zbigniew Kęsy6Seung-Bok Choi7Technical Department, New Chemical Syntheses Institute, Puławy, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Applied Mechanics and Energetics, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities, Radom, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Applied Mechanics and Energetics, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities, Radom, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Applied Mechanics and Energetics, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities, Radom, PolandDepartment of Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Applied Mechanics and Energetics, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities, Radom, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Applied Mechanics and Energetics, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities, Radom, PolandInha University, Incheon, South KoreaThis article presents considerations regarding materials used to fabricate a hydraulic clutch with an ER fluid operating in non-standard working conditions. The hydraulic clutch was a subassembly of the device used for exerting a controlled force on the stationary object. This clutch was driven by an electric motor. The force was controlled by changing the shear stresses in the ER fluid. Shear stresses were changed in two ways: by changing the angular velocity of the electric motor and by changing the high voltage applied to the electrodes located on the driving part and the driven part of the clutch. The increase in these stresses caused an increase in the torque transmitted and an increase in the pressure force. In order to construct the clutch, mathematical models based on the Bingham model were developed, which took into account the influence of temperature and humidity on the shear stress in the ER fluid, allowing calculation of the clutch performance. In addition, numerical calculations of the temperature distribution inside the clutch were carried out using the ANSYS program because of the intense heat generation during the clutch operation. The developed mathematical models were used to optimize the clutch. The aim of the optimization was to obtain a high transmitted torque with small dimensions of the clutch, taking into account the thermal capacity of the clutch. Based on the optimization results, a prototype of a hydraulic clutch with an ER fluid was designed and made, assuming that for metal materials their anti-corrosion properties are the most important, since the presence of conductive metal oxides causes electrical breakdowns. The plastics used in the clutch prototype were mainly evaluated for insulating properties and high temperature resistance. When choosing the ER fluid, its sensitivity to temperature and humidity as well as durability were taken into account. The clutch prototype has been tested on a specially built test rig. The test results confirmed the proper selection of both construction materials and ER fluids. Based on the results of these tests, guidelines for the construction of clutches with ER fluids were formulated.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmats.2019.00139/fullviscous clutchsmart fluidsER fluidsoptimizationnumerical calculations |
| spellingShingle | Artur Olszak Karol Osowski Przemysław Motyl Grzegorz Mędrek Jan Zwolak Andrzej Kęsy Zbigniew Kęsy Seung-Bok Choi Selection of Materials Used in Viscous Clutch With ER Fluid Working in Special Conditions Frontiers in Materials viscous clutch smart fluids ER fluids optimization numerical calculations |
| title | Selection of Materials Used in Viscous Clutch With ER Fluid Working in Special Conditions |
| title_full | Selection of Materials Used in Viscous Clutch With ER Fluid Working in Special Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Selection of Materials Used in Viscous Clutch With ER Fluid Working in Special Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Selection of Materials Used in Viscous Clutch With ER Fluid Working in Special Conditions |
| title_short | Selection of Materials Used in Viscous Clutch With ER Fluid Working in Special Conditions |
| title_sort | selection of materials used in viscous clutch with er fluid working in special conditions |
| topic | viscous clutch smart fluids ER fluids optimization numerical calculations |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmats.2019.00139/full |
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