Effect of Mg Concentration on the Aluminothermic Reduction of Mn2O3 Particles Obtained from Cathodes of Discharged Alkaline Batteries: Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Results
This paper aimed at studying the effect of magnesium concentration in molten aluminum produced from beverage cans on the process of aluminothermic reduction of Mn2O3 particles obtained from the cathodes of discharged alkaline batteries. The experimental results were analyzed by using thermodynamic f...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-01-01
|
| Series: | Metals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/1/49 |
| _version_ | 1819139755684659200 |
|---|---|
| author | Orlando Flores Dávila Jesús Torres Torres Alfredo Flores Valdes |
| author_facet | Orlando Flores Dávila Jesús Torres Torres Alfredo Flores Valdes |
| author_sort | Orlando Flores Dávila |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper aimed at studying the effect of magnesium concentration in molten aluminum produced from beverage cans on the process of aluminothermic reduction of Mn2O3 particles obtained from the cathodes of discharged alkaline batteries. The experimental results were analyzed by using thermodynamic fundamentals and kinetic modeling, while the characterization of the reaction products obtained allowed the mechanism of the process to be described. It was found that the addition of magnesium improves the wettability of solid particles by molten aluminum, thus increasing the reaction and its subsequent incorporation into the molten aluminum solution of Mn released from the reduction reaction. This work was carried out using several initial magnesium concentrations; 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 wt %, under a constant temperature of 1073 K, a constant treatment time of 240 min, and a constant agitation speed of 200 rpm. The results show that the higher the initial magnesium concentration in the molten alloy, the higher the speed of the chemical reduction reaction of the Mn2O3 particles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:27:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9de284fb0b464933bd9442be2ed4d25c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:27:42Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-9de284fb0b464933bd9442be2ed4d25c2022-12-21T18:27:42ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012019-01-01914910.3390/met9010049met9010049Effect of Mg Concentration on the Aluminothermic Reduction of Mn2O3 Particles Obtained from Cathodes of Discharged Alkaline Batteries: Mathematical Modeling and Experimental ResultsOrlando Flores Dávila0Jesús Torres Torres1Alfredo Flores Valdes2Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Saltillo Avenida Industria Metalúrgica 1062, Parque Industrial Saltillo-Ramos Arizpe, 25900 Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, MéxicoCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Saltillo Avenida Industria Metalúrgica 1062, Parque Industrial Saltillo-Ramos Arizpe, 25900 Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, MéxicoCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Saltillo Avenida Industria Metalúrgica 1062, Parque Industrial Saltillo-Ramos Arizpe, 25900 Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, MéxicoThis paper aimed at studying the effect of magnesium concentration in molten aluminum produced from beverage cans on the process of aluminothermic reduction of Mn2O3 particles obtained from the cathodes of discharged alkaline batteries. The experimental results were analyzed by using thermodynamic fundamentals and kinetic modeling, while the characterization of the reaction products obtained allowed the mechanism of the process to be described. It was found that the addition of magnesium improves the wettability of solid particles by molten aluminum, thus increasing the reaction and its subsequent incorporation into the molten aluminum solution of Mn released from the reduction reaction. This work was carried out using several initial magnesium concentrations; 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 wt %, under a constant temperature of 1073 K, a constant treatment time of 240 min, and a constant agitation speed of 200 rpm. The results show that the higher the initial magnesium concentration in the molten alloy, the higher the speed of the chemical reduction reaction of the Mn2O3 particles.http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/1/49alkaline batteriesaluminothermic reductionmanganese oxiderecyclingkinetics |
| spellingShingle | Orlando Flores Dávila Jesús Torres Torres Alfredo Flores Valdes Effect of Mg Concentration on the Aluminothermic Reduction of Mn2O3 Particles Obtained from Cathodes of Discharged Alkaline Batteries: Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Results Metals alkaline batteries aluminothermic reduction manganese oxide recycling kinetics |
| title | Effect of Mg Concentration on the Aluminothermic Reduction of Mn2O3 Particles Obtained from Cathodes of Discharged Alkaline Batteries: Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Results |
| title_full | Effect of Mg Concentration on the Aluminothermic Reduction of Mn2O3 Particles Obtained from Cathodes of Discharged Alkaline Batteries: Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Results |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Mg Concentration on the Aluminothermic Reduction of Mn2O3 Particles Obtained from Cathodes of Discharged Alkaline Batteries: Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Results |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Mg Concentration on the Aluminothermic Reduction of Mn2O3 Particles Obtained from Cathodes of Discharged Alkaline Batteries: Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Results |
| title_short | Effect of Mg Concentration on the Aluminothermic Reduction of Mn2O3 Particles Obtained from Cathodes of Discharged Alkaline Batteries: Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Results |
| title_sort | effect of mg concentration on the aluminothermic reduction of mn2o3 particles obtained from cathodes of discharged alkaline batteries mathematical modeling and experimental results |
| topic | alkaline batteries aluminothermic reduction manganese oxide recycling kinetics |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/1/49 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT orlandofloresdavila effectofmgconcentrationonthealuminothermicreductionofmn2o3particlesobtainedfromcathodesofdischargedalkalinebatteriesmathematicalmodelingandexperimentalresults AT jesustorrestorres effectofmgconcentrationonthealuminothermicreductionofmn2o3particlesobtainedfromcathodesofdischargedalkalinebatteriesmathematicalmodelingandexperimentalresults AT alfredofloresvaldes effectofmgconcentrationonthealuminothermicreductionofmn2o3particlesobtainedfromcathodesofdischargedalkalinebatteriesmathematicalmodelingandexperimentalresults |